World Still Split Over Money as Clock Ticks on COP29

A man stands next to the logo of the United Nations Climate Change Conference "COP 29" in Azerbaijan (Reuters).
A man stands next to the logo of the United Nations Climate Change Conference "COP 29" in Azerbaijan (Reuters).
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World Still Split Over Money as Clock Ticks on COP29

A man stands next to the logo of the United Nations Climate Change Conference "COP 29" in Azerbaijan (Reuters).
A man stands next to the logo of the United Nations Climate Change Conference "COP 29" in Azerbaijan (Reuters).

A fresh draft deal published Thursday at the deadlocked COP29 climate talks shows rich and poor countries still divided as time runs out to strike a finance agreement for developing nations.
The streamlined text released in Azerbaijan recognizes developing countries need a trillion dollars per year to fight global warming, but does not present a much-sought figure needed to land the deal.
This will be the focus as nations go back to the negotiating table with just a day to go until COP29 is supposed to conclude in Baku, AFP reported.
The draft reflects the broad and opposing positions of developed countries -- which are obligated to pay climate finance -- and the developing countries that receive it.
"The new finance text presents two extreme ends of the aisle without much in between," said Li Shuo, director of the China climate hub at the Asia Society Policy Institute.
The main sticking points -- who should pay, how much and the type of funding -- remain unresolved in the slimmed-down 10-page document.
Ali Mohamed, the chair of the African Group of Negotiators, said the "elephant in the room" was the lack of a concrete number.
"This is the reason we are here... but we are no closer and we need the developed countries to urgently engage on this matter," said Mohamed, who is Kenya's climate envoy.
Rich countries have been under pressure to say how much they are willing to provide developing countries to wean off fossil fuels and build resilience against disaster.
Some developing countries have pushed for a final commitment of $1.3 trillion, mostly in grants from government coffers, and not loans they say add to debt.
The European Union and the United States, two of the biggest climate finance providers, had said they would not reveal a figure until the scope of any deal was much clearer.
"The fact there is no number specified for the climate finance goal is an insult to the millions of people on the frontlines bearing the brunt of climate change impacts," said Greenpeace's Jasper Inventor.
Mohamed Adow, a Kenyan climate activist, also lamented the lack of clarity around a figure.
"We came here to talk about money. The way you measure money is with numbers. We need a cheque but all we have right now is a blank piece of paper," said the founding director of think tank Power Shift Africa.
Developing countries, excluding China, will need $1 trillion a year in foreign assistance by 2030.
This number rises to $1.3 trillion annually by 2035, according to an expert economic assessment commissioned by the United Nations.
But many of the nations obligated to help cover this cost face political and fiscal pressures, and insist they cannot rely on their balance sheets alone.



Saudi Arabia Launches $4 Billion Program to Localize Rail Industry

The launch of Asasat Program (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The launch of Asasat Program (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Arabia Launches $4 Billion Program to Localize Rail Industry

The launch of Asasat Program (Asharq Al-Awsat)
The launch of Asasat Program (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia’s Minister of Transport and Logistics, Eng. Saleh Al-Jasser, has announced the launch of the Asasat Program, a collaboration between Saudi Railways Company (SAR) and the Local Content Authority.

The initiative aims to localize the railway industry within the Kingdom, offering investment opportunities exceeding SAR 15 billion Saudi ($4 billion) by 2030.

The announcement was made on Wednesday during the inaugural Saudi Railway Conference and Exhibition in Riyadh. The Asasat Program is part of SAR’s commitment to realizing Saudi Vision 2030, and is built on six pillars aimed at establishing a strong and sustainable rail sector.

The program focuses on enhancing national industry and competitiveness by supporting innovation and developing local services and products. It seeks to incentivize local suppliers and manufacturers through investment opportunities in areas such as train car manufacturing and refurbishment, railway infrastructure construction and maintenance, smart technology development, and sustainability investments.

Al-Jasser highlighted Saudi Arabia’s longstanding history in railways, which began 74 years ago and now spans over 5,500 kilometers across multiple networks, including the Northern Line, Eastern Line, and Haramain High-Speed Railway.

Looking ahead, the Kingdom plans to expand its rail network by an additional 8,000 kilometers in the coming years, solidifying its position as a global logistics hub, the minister said, adding that key projects include the Land Bridge, linking the Arabian Gulf to the Red Sea, and the GCC Railway, connecting Gulf Cooperation Council countries through a modern rail network.

Rail systems, Al-Jasser explained, play a crucial role in facilitating passenger and freight movement, fostering social and economic development, and reducing carbon emissions. Last year, Saudi Arabia became the first country in the region to test a hydrogen-powered train with zero carbon emissions, aligning with its Green Saudi Initiative and net-zero goals.

SAR’s CEO, Dr. Bashar Al-Malik, emphasized Saudi Arabia’s global leadership in innovation and sustainability in transportation. Guided by the National Transport and Logistics Strategy under Vision 2030, SAR oversees one of the largest railway infrastructures in the region. The company plans to invest over SAR 220 billion ($59 billion) by 2030 to integrate transportation systems and support global supply chains.

Al-Malik noted that innovation and digital transformation are key to the future of rail, adding that SAR is expanding its adoption of advanced digital solutions and artificial intelligence to enhance travel experiences and establish sustainable supply chains. He revealed that the company’s local content will reach 60% by next year, supported by programs like Asasat.