Saudi Non-Oil Exports Reach Highest Levels Since 2022

A view of the Jeddah Islamic Port. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A view of the Jeddah Islamic Port. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Non-Oil Exports Reach Highest Levels Since 2022

A view of the Jeddah Islamic Port. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
A view of the Jeddah Islamic Port. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia’s non-oil exports have reached their highest levels since the second quarter of 2022, continuing to grow at a steady pace. By the end of the third quarter of this year, non-oil exports, including re-exports, totaled SAR 80 billion (USD 21 billion), reflecting a 16.8% increase compared to the same period in 2023.

This growth aligns with the goals of Vision 2030, which aims to diversify Saudi Arabia’s economy and reduce reliance on oil revenues. Credit rating agency Moody’s recently upgraded Saudi Arabia’s credit rating to AA3 from A1 with a stable outlook, citing the Kingdom’s ongoing economic diversification and the strength of its non-oil private sector. Moody’s projects the non-oil private sector’s GDP to grow by 4–5% annually in the coming years.

According to data from Saudi Arabia’s General Authority for Statistics, non-oil national exports (excluding re-exports) grew by 7.6% in the third quarter of 2024, reaching SAR 57 billion (USD 15.1 billion). Re-exports saw a remarkable surge of 48.4%, amounting to SAR 23 billion (USD 6.1 billion).

In contrast, total merchandise exports dropped by 7.7% to SAR 276 billion (USD 73.5 billion) due to a 14.9% decline in oil exports. As a result, the share of oil exports in total exports decreased from 77.3% in the third quarter of 2023 to 71.3% this year.

Chemical industry products accounted for 25.5% of non-oil exports, growing by 5.3% compared to the same period last year. Plastics, rubber, and their derivatives followed closely, representing 24.9% of non-oil exports, with an 8.9% increase from the third quarter of 2023.

China remained Saudi Arabia’s top export destination, accounting for 15.2% of total exports in the third quarter of 2024. Japan and South Korea followed, at 9.3% and 9.2%, respectively. Other major destinations included India, the UAE, the US, Poland, Egypt, Bahrain, and Taiwan. Together, these ten countries accounted for 66.4% of Saudi exports.

Experts emphasize that the growth in non-oil exports strengthens Saudi Arabia’s economy and reflects the success of its diversification strategy under Vision 2030.

Shura Council member Fadhel Al-Buainain highlighted the importance of considering the scale of Saudi non-oil exports during the third quarter of 2024. He emphasized two key aspects of Saudi non-oil exports.

First, the 16.8% growth achieved is a significant leap that boosts the Saudi economy’s ability to continue strengthening non-oil exports, which are a focal point of Vision 2030 and its economic diversification goals.

Second, he said the 48.4% increase in the value of re-exported goods represents substantial growth, reflecting the Kingdom’s potential to play a pivotal role in regional re-export activities. This, in turn, can stimulate exports and position Saudi Arabia as a global logistics hub.

He further noted that the increase in export value compared to the second quarter of this year, amounting to SAR 37.2 billion (USD 9.92 billion) or 15.6%, indicates sustained and accelerating export growth.

Al-Buainain believes that Saudi Arabia’s ports on the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf are well-equipped to play a central role in re-exporting, supported by free economic zones, robust infrastructure, and a well-established transportation and logistics network.

He also stated that the improvement in global demand, particularly in the petrochemical sector, which accounted for the largest share of exports, contributed to this growth.

However, the global economic conditions may face certain challenges that will reflect negatively on global demand, he remarked, stressing the importance of diversifying exports.

Dr. Osama Al-Obaidi, an international commercial law consultant and professor, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the significant increase in non-oil exports in the third quarter of this year compared to the same period in 2023 is linked to the growth in petrochemical exports, particularly plastics, rubber, and their derivatives.

He explained that this rise reflects the effectiveness of Saudi Arabia’s economic diversification efforts and its reduced reliance on oil as a sole income source, in line with Vision 2030.

It also highlights the success of the substantial investments made by the government to develop ports and logistics services, such as King Abdulaziz Port in Dammam and Jeddah Islamic Port.

Moreover, improvements in domestic, regional, and international airports, along with initiatives to promote local industries—particularly chemicals, food products, pharmaceuticals, and other high-demand goods in foreign markets—have also played a pivotal role.



EU Opposes Removing Oil Sanctions on Russia to Cool Energy Prices

Pumpjacks operated by Aera Energy work the wells at the Midway-Sunset field near Taft in Kern County, California, on March 8, 2026. (Photo by Frederic J. BROWN / AFP)
Pumpjacks operated by Aera Energy work the wells at the Midway-Sunset field near Taft in Kern County, California, on March 8, 2026. (Photo by Frederic J. BROWN / AFP)
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EU Opposes Removing Oil Sanctions on Russia to Cool Energy Prices

Pumpjacks operated by Aera Energy work the wells at the Midway-Sunset field near Taft in Kern County, California, on March 8, 2026. (Photo by Frederic J. BROWN / AFP)
Pumpjacks operated by Aera Energy work the wells at the Midway-Sunset field near Taft in Kern County, California, on March 8, 2026. (Photo by Frederic J. BROWN / AFP)

EU economy chief Valdis Dombrovskis said Tuesday the European Union did not support removing sanctions on Russian oil despite soaring energy prices, AFP reported.

"We must continue to exert maximum pressure on Russia," he said when asked about US President Donald Trump's announcement he will waive some sanctions on oil, warning easing restrictions would "reinforce Russia's capacity to wage war, undermining Ukraine".


Airlines Hike Ticket Prices as Iran War Propels Fuel Costs

A Qantas logo is visible on the tail of an airplane at an airport in Sydney, Australia, September 18, 2025. (Reuters)
A Qantas logo is visible on the tail of an airplane at an airport in Sydney, Australia, September 18, 2025. (Reuters)
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Airlines Hike Ticket Prices as Iran War Propels Fuel Costs

A Qantas logo is visible on the tail of an airplane at an airport in Sydney, Australia, September 18, 2025. (Reuters)
A Qantas logo is visible on the tail of an airplane at an airport in Sydney, Australia, September 18, 2025. (Reuters)

Australia's Qantas Airways , Scandinavia's SAS and Air New Zealand announced airfare hikes on Tuesday, blaming an abrupt spike in the cost of fuel caused by the Middle East conflict.

Jet fuel prices, which were around $85 to $90 per barrel before US-Israeli strikes on Iran, have soared to between $150 and $200 per barrel in recent days, New Zealand's flag carrier said as it suspended its financial outlook for 2026 due to uncertainty over the conflict.

The war, which disrupted shipping via the world's most vital oil export route, has sent oil prices surging, upending global travel, pushing airline tickets on some routes sky-high, and sparking fears of a deep travel slump that could lead to widespread grounding of planes.

"Increases of this magnitude make it necessary to react in order to maintain stable and reliable operations," an SAS spokesperson said in a statement to Reuters, adding it had implemented a "temporary price adjustment".

The largest Scandinavian airline said last ‌year it had temporarily ‌adjusted its fuel hedging policy due to uncertain market conditions and that it had no ‌fuel ⁠consumption hedged for the ⁠following 12 months.

While several Asian and European airlines, including Lufthansa and Ryanair, have oil hedging in place, securing a part of their fuel supplies at fixed prices, Finnair warned that even the availability of fuel could be at risk if the conflict dragged on.

"A prolonged crisis could affect not only the price of fuel but also its availability, at least temporarily," a Finnair spokesperson said, adding that it had not seen this happening yet. It had hedged over 80% of its first-quarter fuel purchases.

AIRSPACE CHAOS IN THE MIDDLE EAST

Highlighting the airspace chaos in the Middle East, planes arriving in Dubai were briefly placed in a ⁠holding pattern on Tuesday due to a potential missile attack, flight tracking service Flightradar24 said on X. ‌The planes eventually landed.

Qantas said in addition to increasing international fares, it was exploring ‌options to redeploy capacity to Europe as airlines and passengers seek to evade disruptions in the Middle East, where drone and missile fire have ‌curtailed flights.

Airfares have soared on Asia-Europe routes due to airspace closures and capacity constraints, and Hong Kong's Cathay Pacific Airways said on ‌Tuesday it was adding extra flights to London and Zurich in March.

Air New Zealand said it had raised one-way economy fares by NZ$10 ($6) on domestic routes, NZ$20 on short-haul international services and NZ$90 on long-haul, with more adjustments to prices and schedules possible if jet fuel costs remain elevated.

Hong Kong Airlines said on its website it would raise its fuel surcharges by up to 35.2% from Thursday, with the sharpest increase on flights between ‌Hong Kong and the Maldives, Bangladesh and Nepal.

AIRLINE SHARES STABILISE AFTER SELLOFF

Some airline stocks rose and oil prices fell to around $90 a barrel on Tuesday from a high of $119 on Monday ⁠after US President Donald Trump said ⁠on Monday the war could be over soon. When markets opened in Europe, airline shares were up between 4% and 7%.

In Asia, airline shares showed signs of stabilising, with Qantas closing up 0.5%, Korean Air Lines rising 3% and Cathay Pacific up 3.6%. All had recorded sharp declines on Monday.

Fuel is the second-largest expense for air carriers after labor, typically accounting for a fifth to a quarter of operating expenses.

CONFLICTS SHRINKING AVAILABLE AIRSPACE

In addition to high fuel costs, tightening airspace also threatens to derail the global travel industry, as pilots reroute to avoid the Middle East conflict and capacity on popular routes fills up.

Emirates, Qatar Airways and Etihad typically jointly account for about one-third of the passenger traffic between Europe and Asia and fly more than half of all passengers from Europe to Australia, New Zealand and nearby Pacific Islands, according to Cirium.

European airlines have already struggled with the shortage of available airspace created by the war in Ukraine, with many avoiding Russian airspace and flying longer international routes. Now, with even less available airspace, they say their business has become even more challenging.


Aramco Sees ‘Catastrophic Consequences’ for Oil Markets if Hormuz Strait Remains Blocked

President and CEO of Saudi's Aramco, Amin Nasser, speaks during the Future Investment Initiative (FII) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia October 29, 2024. (Reuters)
President and CEO of Saudi's Aramco, Amin Nasser, speaks during the Future Investment Initiative (FII) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia October 29, 2024. (Reuters)
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Aramco Sees ‘Catastrophic Consequences’ for Oil Markets if Hormuz Strait Remains Blocked

President and CEO of Saudi's Aramco, Amin Nasser, speaks during the Future Investment Initiative (FII) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia October 29, 2024. (Reuters)
President and CEO of Saudi's Aramco, Amin Nasser, speaks during the Future Investment Initiative (FII) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia October 29, 2024. (Reuters)

Saudi Arabia's Aramco , the world's top oil exporter, said on Tuesday there would be "catastrophic consequences" for the world's oil markets if the Iran war continues to disrupt shipping in the Strait of Hormuz.

Oil shipments have been largely blocked from using the shipping artery, where normally roughly 20% of the world's oil would pass through daily. Iran's Revolutionary Guards said on Tuesday they would not allow "one liter of oil" to be shipped from the Middle East if US and Israeli attacks continue.

"There would be catastrophic consequences for the world's oil markets and the longer the disruption goes on ... the more drastic the consequences for the global economy," Aramco CEO Amin Nasser told reporters on an earnings call.

"While we have faced disruptions in the past, this one by far is the biggest crisis the region's oil and gas industry has faced."

WIDE RANGE OF SECTORS MAY BE HIT

The crisis has not only ‌upended the shipping ‌and insurance sectors, but it also promises to have drastic domino effects on aviation, agriculture, automotive ‌and ⁠other industries, he added.

Global ⁠crude benchmark Brent, which rocketed to a more than three-year high of nearly $120 a barrel on Monday, was trading around $92 on Tuesday following comments by US President Donald Trump predicting the war could end soon.

Trump, however, warned that the US would hit Iran much harder if it blocked exports from the vital energy-producing region.

He has also said the US Navy could escort ships in the Gulf to guarantee safe passage. But the Navy's capacity to do that is unclear, with some vessels already engaged in strikes against Iran and shooting down its missiles.

Asked about US Navy escorts and whether they were possible on the scale required, Nasser said there are sizable volumes involved, ⁠adding that Aramco's customers assume the risk of delivery.

"Of course, we would support any actions ‌or measures that would help to deliver our products to our customers, to ‌the global market," he said.

NO EXPORTS FROM THE GULF

Nasser noted global inventories of oil ‌were at a five-year low and said the crisis will lead to drawdowns at a faster rate, adding that it was critical that shipping in the strait resumed.

"Unfortunately, for global markets, most of the spare capacity is in this region," Nasser told analysts on a call, noting that incremental demand throughout the year will keep the market tightly balanced.

At present, Aramco is not exporting oil from the Gulf as ships cannot load ‌cargoes there. But the company, which does not disclose its exact crude output, is meeting the majority of its customers' needs, he said, partly by tapping into global inventories.

"Now, that ⁠cannot be used - that inventory - ⁠for an extended period of time, but for the time being, we are capitalizing on it," he said.

The East-West pipeline is, meanwhile, being used to transport mostly Arab Light and some Arab Extra Light crude grades to the Red Sea port of Yanbu. The pipeline, which has more than doubled its initial capacity, is expected to reach its full capacity of 7 million barrels per day in the next couple of days as customers re-route, Nasser said.

"Even with our ability to export through the western region, you're talking about close to 350 million barrels of disruptions that will come off the market," he said.

In addition to the pipeline, Aramco is also able to direct crude towards domestic demand, he noted. Close to 2 million bpd of the pipeline's 7 million bpd capacity is going to western domestic refineries, which are net exporters of products, Nasser added.

A small fire from an attack last week on Aramco's Ras Tanura refinery, its largest domestically, was quickly extinguished and brought under control, Nasser said, adding that the refinery was in the process of being restarted.