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World Bank Wins $100 Bln Replenishment of Fund for Poorest Countries

The World Bank made the announcement on Friday in Seoul at a pledging conference for the International Development Association, which provides grants and very low interest loans to 78 low-income countries. AFP
The World Bank made the announcement on Friday in Seoul at a pledging conference for the International Development Association, which provides grants and very low interest loans to 78 low-income countries. AFP
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World Bank Wins $100 Bln Replenishment of Fund for Poorest Countries

The World Bank made the announcement on Friday in Seoul at a pledging conference for the International Development Association, which provides grants and very low interest loans to 78 low-income countries. AFP
The World Bank made the announcement on Friday in Seoul at a pledging conference for the International Development Association, which provides grants and very low interest loans to 78 low-income countries. AFP

Donor countries have pledged a record $100 billion three-year replenishment of the World Bank's fund for the poorest nations, providing a vital lifeline for their struggles against crushing debts, climate disasters, inflation and conflict.
The World Bank made the announcement on Friday in Seoul at a pledging conference for the International Development Association, which provides grants and very low interest loans to 78 low-income countries.
The total exceeds the previous $93 billion IDA replenishment announced in December 2021.
Countries will contribute $23.7 billion directly to IDA, only marginally increased in dollar terms from the $23.5 billion pledged in 2021, but the fund will issue bonds and employ other financial leverage to stretch that to the targeted $100 billion in grants and loans through mid-2028, Reuters reported.
The two-day pledging conference fell short of the $120 billion goal African heads of state had called for, partly because the US dollar's strength - pushed up by Donald Trump's US presidential election victory - diminished the dollar value of significant increases in foreign currency contributions by several countries.
At a G20 leaders' summit in Brazil last month, Norway increased its pledge by 50% from 2021 to 5.024 billion krone. That's $455 million at current exchange rates, but at the start of 2024, it would have been worth $496 million.
South Korea boosted its pledge by 45% to 846 billion won, ($597 million), Britain by 40% to 1.8 billion pounds and Spain by 37% to 400 million euros. Spain's pledge was worth $423 million on Friday, $10 million less than the day it was announced in October.
US President Joe Biden pledged a $4 billion US contribution, up from $3.5 billion in the previous round.
DOMESTIC RESISTANCE
The World Bank did not immediately reveal the amounts of other pledges, but said that 17 donor countries had committed to raising their contributions by more than 25%, with 10 offering increases of 40% or more.
"While some donors made some very important increases, a lot of historically big IDA donors did not," said Clemence Landers, senior policy fellow at the Center for Global Development, a Washington think tank. "This is a sign of the times: for a lot of governments, global poverty issues are often a tough sell domestically."
Still the pledges won some plaudits from non-profit groups, with ONE Campaign CEO Okonkwo Nwuneli calling it a "bold breakthrough" in leadership to aid some 40 African IDA recipients.
"ONE will be holding all donors to account, ensuring that these pledges are delivered in full, and we will be working closely with African governments and our civil society partners to ensure that the resources are maximized for impact," Nwuneli said.
World Bank President Ajay Banga said in a statement that the IDA will be able to stretch the new pledges further because of work done to optimize the development lender's balance sheet over the past two years, increasing its lending capacity by some $150 billion over 10 years.
The bank's ability to leverage contributions will transform "modest contributions into life-changing investments," Banga said in an open letter to shareholders and client countries.
About 35 countries have graduated from IDA to become donors, including China, South Korea, Chile, Jordan and Türkiye.
Banga said the resources will allow the bank to put job creation at the center of its work, even as it addresses climate change and other global crises.
"In this context, IDA is not just a financial instrument; it is a catalyst for job creation," Banga said. "It provides countries with the resources to build infrastructure, improve education and health systems and foster private sector growth."

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Saudi Arabia Raises $12 Billion in International Bonds Amid Strong Demand

Skyscrapers are seen in King Abdullah Financial District in the Saudi capital, Riyadh. (Reuters).
Skyscrapers are seen in King Abdullah Financial District in the Saudi capital, Riyadh. (Reuters).
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Saudi Arabia Raises $12 Billion in International Bonds Amid Strong Demand

Skyscrapers are seen in King Abdullah Financial District in the Saudi capital, Riyadh. (Reuters).
Skyscrapers are seen in King Abdullah Financial District in the Saudi capital, Riyadh. (Reuters).

Saudi Arabia has raised $12 billion from global debt markets in its first international bond issuance of the year, attracting bids worth nearly $37 billion. This demonstrates strong investor appetite for Saudi debt instruments.

The issuance comes just two days after the approval of the 2025 annual borrowing plan by Minister of Finance Mohammed Al-Jadaan. The plan estimates financing needs for the fiscal year at SAR 139 billion ($37 billion). The funds will be used to cover the projected SAR 101 billion ($26.8 billion) budget deficit for 2025, as well as repay SAR 38 billion ($10 billion) in principal debt obligations due this year.

The National Debt Management Center (NDMC) announced on Tuesday that the issuance includes three tranches: $5 billion in three-year bonds, $3 billion in six-year bonds, and $4 billion in ten-year bonds. Total demand for the bonds reached $37 billion, exceeding the issuance size by three times and reflecting robust investor interest.

The NDMC emphasized that this issuance aligns with its strategy to broaden the investor base and efficiently meet Saudi Arabia’s financing needs in global debt markets.

According to IFR, a fixed-income news service, the initial price guidance for the three-year bonds was set at 120 basis points above US Treasury yields. The six-year and ten-year bonds were priced at 130 and 140 basis points above the same benchmark, respectively.

Strong demand allowed Saudi Arabia to lower yields on the shorter-term bonds, further demonstrating investor confidence. Economists noted that the pricing above US Treasuries is attractive in the current market, showcasing trust in Saudi Arabia’s economic stability and financial strategies.

International confidence

Economic experts view this successful bond issuance as a testament to international confidence in Saudi Arabia’s robust economy and financial reforms. Dr. Mohammed Al-Qahtani, an economics professor at King Faisal University, said the move underscores Saudi Arabia’s commitment to diversifying financing tools both domestically and internationally. He added that the funds would support Vision 2030 projects, reduce pressure on domestic resources, and attract strong international investor interest.

The issuance strengthens Saudi Arabia’s ability to meet financial needs, expand its investor base, and establish a global financing network, he said, noting that it also facilitates entry into new markets, enabling the Kingdom to accelerate infrastructure projects and capital expenditures.

Dr. Ihsan Buhulaiga, founder of Joatha Business Development Consultants, described the 2025 budget as expansionary, aimed at meeting the financing needs of economic diversification programs. He stressed that the budget deficit is an “optional” one, reflecting a deliberate choice to prioritize Vision 2030 initiatives over immediate fiscal balance.

Buhulaiga explained that the Kingdom’s approach balances two options: limiting spending to available revenues, which would avoid deficits but delay Vision 2030 initiatives, or borrowing strategically to fund Vision 2030 goals. He said that the annual budget is just a component of the larger vision, which requires sustained funding until 2030.

He continued that Saudi Arabia’s fiscal space and creditworthiness allow it to borrow internationally at competitive rates, explaining that this flexibility ensures financial sustainability without compromising stability, even during challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Saudi Arabia’s debt portfolio remains balanced, with two-thirds of its debt domestic and one-third external. As of Q3 2024, public debt stood at approximately SAR 1.2 trillion, below the 30% GDP ceiling. According to the Ministry of Finance, the budget deficit is expected to persist through 2027 but remain below 3% of GDP.

Buhulaiga highlighted the importance of capital expenditure, which reached SAR 186 billion in 2023 and is projected to rise to SAR 198 billion in 2024, a 6.5% increase.

He emphasized the government’s pivotal role in economic diversification, supported by investments from the Public Investment Fund (PIF), the National Development Fund, and its subsidiaries, including the Infrastructure Fund.

The PIF recently announced a $7 billion Murabaha credit facility, facilitated by Citigroup, Goldman Sachs International, and JPMorgan. Meanwhile, the NDMC arranged a $2.5 billion revolving credit facility earlier in January, compliant with Islamic principles, to address budgetary needs.

In November, Moody’s upgraded Saudi Arabia’s credit rating to Aa3, aligning with Fitch’s A+ rating, both with a stable outlook. S&P Global assigns the Kingdom an AA-1 rating with a positive outlook, reflecting a high ability to meet financial obligations with low credit risk.

The IMF estimates Saudi Arabia’s public debt-to-GDP ratio at 26.2% in 2024, describing it as low and sustainable. This is projected to rise to 35% by 2029 as foreign borrowing continues to play a key role in financing deficits.