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Saudi Culture Ministry, King Saud University Launch Kingdom’s First College of Arts

The Saudi Ministry of Culture logo
The Saudi Ministry of Culture logo
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Saudi Culture Ministry, King Saud University Launch Kingdom’s First College of Arts

The Saudi Ministry of Culture logo
The Saudi Ministry of Culture logo

The Ministry of Culture, in a strategic partnership with King Saud University in Riyadh, inaugurated the College of Arts at the university, marking the first specialized Saudi college dedicated to arts education in the Kingdom.
The inauguration ceremony took place on Sunday at the university theater in the presence of Deputy Minister of Culture Hamed bin Mohammed Fayez and President of King Saud University Dr. Badran bin Abdulrahman Al-Omar, along with culture and arts enthusiasts across the Kingdom.
In his speech during the ceremony, Fayez affirmed that the new College of Arts reflects the importance attached by Culture Minister Prince Badr bin Abdullah bin Farhan to education and its role in cultural growth.

He emphasized the role of education in the development and advancement of the cultural sector under Saudi Vision 2030.
Fayez further noted that the establishment of the college is a significant milestone in the development of higher cultural education in the Kingdom, with a substantial impact on national cultural development. He highlighted that this step will lay the foundation for an academic path required for nurturing creative talents and fostering cultural advancement.
Fayez said the establishment of the college is part of the strategic partnership between the Culture Ministry and King Saud University, representing one of the first tangible outcomes of the collaborative efforts made with local universities. These efforts aim to achieve the objectives of the National Strategy for Culture and the strategy for the development of cultural capacities derived from it. The goal is to meet the demands of the job market and provide highly competent cultural professionals who will lead the sector towards achieving ambitious national goals.
Fayez stated that the college is launching with three departments dedicated to the specialties of design, performing arts, and visual arts. He emphasized that this is “[just] the beginning of a continuous scientific and cultural cooperation with King Saud University and our other prestigious national universities.”
After the ceremony, the attendees visited the accompanying exhibition of the newly launched college, where they learned about the Saudi cultural sector and the available opportunities for students to develop their capabilities and pursue careers in cultural professions.

They also learned about the objectives of launching the first college of arts in the Kingdom, which include offering high-quality specialized academic programs adhering to national and international standards. Additionally, the college aims to establish a supportive educational and artistic environment for research and innovation, attracting exceptional and talented students based on specific admission criteria.

The college also seeks to prepare graduates who are technically, scientifically, and professionally qualified. The college is assigned to conduct specialized research and scientific studies in the field of arts.

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Culture

In Senegal, the Bastion of the Region’s Francophonie, French Is Giving Way to Local Languages

A man sits outside a stationary store with French signs in Dakar, Senegal, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP)
A man sits outside a stationary store with French signs in Dakar, Senegal, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP)
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In Senegal, the Bastion of the Region’s Francophonie, French Is Giving Way to Local Languages

A man sits outside a stationary store with French signs in Dakar, Senegal, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP)
A man sits outside a stationary store with French signs in Dakar, Senegal, Thursday, Oct. 3, 2024. (AP)

For decades Senegal, a former French colony in West Africa, has been touted as the bastion of the French language in the region. Leopold Sedar Senghor, the country’s first president and a poet, is considered one of the founding fathers of the concept of Francophonie, a global alliance of French-speaking countries.

But many say a shift is underway. While French remains the country’s official language, inscribed into its constitution, its influence is waning. It is giving way to Wolof, the most widely spoken local language — and not just on the street, where the latter has always been dominant, but in the halls of power: government offices, university corridors and mainstream media.

As the French president hosts the annual Francophonie summit north of Paris, Senegal’s president is not attending in person. He sent the foreign minister as his representative instead.

“Wolof is on the rise because Senegalese people want to be seen,” said Adjaratou Sall, professor of Linguistics at the Cheikh Anta Diop University in Dakar, who began researching the Wolof language in 1998. “They want to detach themselves from the colonial heritage and reclaim their own cultural identity.”

There are 25 languages in Senegal. Six of them have the status of national languages, but Wolof is largely dominant. Out of the population of 17 million people, over 12 million speak Wolof, compared to around 4 million French speakers.

But like in most former colonies, French has traditionally been the language of Senegalese political and cultural elites. The vast majority of schools across the country and all universities are French speaking. All official documents are issued in French. With the education rate in Senegal at around 60%, this excludes a large part of the population.

President Bassirou Diomaye Faye, the youngest elected leader in Africa, was voted in six months ago on an anti-establishment platform, and his rise reflected the frustration of the Senegalese youth with the traditional, elderly political class. He has made a point in making all of his official speeches in both languages, French and Wolof, and pledged to give local languages the primary role in schools, with French introduced later.

The shift comes as most West African nations are rethinking their relationship with France, which is losing its clout in the region. In some cases, like in Burkina Faso and Mali, which are ruled by military juntas, the divorce with the French language has been abrupt: They dropped French as the official language and banned many French-speaking media outlets.

The decline of French in Senegal has been more subtle. But to a careful observer, the signs are everywhere: More and more billboards are either bilingual, or in Wolof. Although all university courses are still conducted in French, Sall said that professors and students speak Wolof to each other in the corridors, which would have been unthinkable when she started working. Some Senegalese writers are publishing their books in Wolof, and not in French.

“Surely, the nationalism which began to take root with the new government is playing a role,” said Fall. “But another important factor has been the revolution in the media, which started with Sud FM.”

Sud FM, the first private radio station in Senegal, started broadcasting programs in Wolof in 1994. The morning news program in Wolof now has over 2 million listeners, said its director, Baye Oumar Gueye.

“We replied to a real need: providing information to the population, who does not speak French,” Gueye said in an interview in his office. “They can now participate in the exchange of information.”

He added: “The use of the French language is decreasing. When you want to reclaim your sovereignty, the first thing is to have your own language.”

El Hadj Aip Ndiaye, who has been driving a taxi in Dakar for the past 45 years, said he remembers well the launch of Sud FM. “Everyone listened to it,” he recalled.

Ndiaye, who did not go to school and speaks a very limited French, said he listens to the radio everyday from 5 a.m. until midnight, as he drives across the dusty roads of Dakar in his yellow, rickety taxi.

“Before, all the news on the radio was in French,” he said. “I could not understand it. But with news in Wolof, you can understand what they are saying. You understand the world better, and you can take part in the conversation.”

“People are now proud to speak Wolof,” he said. “Before, when you spoke Wolof, you were judged as a peasant. But now, even our president speaks Wolof a lot, so people are not afraid to speak it.”

But even the biggest proponents of Wolof do not want a revolution. Fall, the linguistics professor, said she dreamed of university courses being held in Wolof, and children being taught in their local language, whether it would be Wolof, Serrer or Peul.

“We will get there, but it's a process,” she said. “And we need French as well. It is the language of openness, which allows us to communicate with others in the region.”