Egypt Opens Tomb of Amun Scribe in Luxor

A depiction from the inside of the tomb (Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities)
A depiction from the inside of the tomb (Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities)
TT

Egypt Opens Tomb of Amun Scribe in Luxor

A depiction from the inside of the tomb (Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities)
A depiction from the inside of the tomb (Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities)

Egypt has opened the tomb of Neferhotep, known as the ‘scribe of Amun’ in the Al-Khokha area on Luxor’s West Bank.

Sunday’s opening followed a 25-year restoration project in collaboration with the Argentinian expedition from the Buenos Aires University.

The opening ceremony was attended by Mostafa Waziry, secretary general of the Supreme Council of Antiquities, Gonzalo Urriolabeitia, Argentina’s ambassador to Cairo, as well as officials and archeologists from both countries.

“Today's opening of the tomb adds a significant new tourist destination to the attractions of Luxor's West Bank, particularly amidst the surge of tourists to the country during the winter season,” said Waziry, noting that the tomb displays beautifully painted scenes and inscriptions.

Dating back to the 18th Dynasty, during the era of king Ay (1327 to 1323 B.C.), the burial chamber belongs to a major stateman named Neferhotep, who held many titles that indicate a higher social status, including ‘the scribe of great Amun’, according to Mohammed Abdel-Badie, head of the Central Administration for the Antiquities of Upper Egypt.

The restoration of the tomb began in 2000. Experts from the University of Buenos Aires recorded and studied the texts in the tomb before starting their work. But the actual restoration began in 2013 when a German archaeological team cleaned wall paintings in the tomb, and mended damaged stonework and layers of color on inscriptions, said Fathi Yassin, director general of antiquities in Upper Egypt.

The studies of the old paint showed that Ancient Egyptian mural painters used dyes, along with Arabic resin, as a color medium in the tomb, said Yassin in statements during the opening.

Al-Khokha is one of several cemeteries dedicated to ancient Egyptian statemen; they are characterized with walls featuring full records of the daily habits, religious beliefs, and political and military life at the time. They also shed lights on the architecture and funerary arts in Ancient Egypt.



Syria's Aleppo Set for Revival Despite War Scars to its Heritage

During the four years of fighting before Assad's forces recaptured Aleppo following a devastating siege, the city was virtually emptied - AFP
During the four years of fighting before Assad's forces recaptured Aleppo following a devastating siege, the city was virtually emptied - AFP
TT

Syria's Aleppo Set for Revival Despite War Scars to its Heritage

During the four years of fighting before Assad's forces recaptured Aleppo following a devastating siege, the city was virtually emptied - AFP
During the four years of fighting before Assad's forces recaptured Aleppo following a devastating siege, the city was virtually emptied - AFP

The historic Baron Hotel in Syria's Aleppo is dilapidated and damaged by years of war but still standing and ready for a revival, much like the city itself.

Aleppo's old city, designated a UNESCO World Heritage site, was ravaged by the conflict that erupted after a government crackdown on protests in 2011.

Between 2012 and 2016, it became a battleground between Syria's military and opposition factions.

The army of now-ousted president Bashar al-Assad shelled opposition fighters from the ground and struck them from the air, supported by Russian firepower.
Opposition groups, meanwhile, used mortars and artisanal rockets, as the fighting turned ancient streets into sniper alleys.

During the four years of fighting before the government recaptured Aleppo following a devastating siege, the city was virtually emptied.

Now, after Assad's fall following a lightning opposition offensive led by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, residents are looking forward to reconstruction.

"Unfortunately, more than 60 percent of the edifices in the old city, monuments of the old city of Aleppo, were devastated to ground zero," said Georges Edleby, a tour guide in the city for 35 years.

"Hopefully there will be a day that we see them again restored."

The ancient souks where Aleppo's famed olive oil soap is piled up in stacks for sale has been reduced in many places to little more than rubble.

- 'Hope for a better life' -

Aleppo's medieval citadel, however, remains relatively intact.

Opposition fighters, one with a rose slipped into the barrel of his gun, stood guard outside the ancient ramparts, which Syria's army turned into a stronghold during the war.

Most of the damage in the citadel was caused by a 2023 earthquake, locals say.

Below in the old city, a few alleys of the souk -- once the largest in the world with 4,000 stalls -- have reopened after being restored, including with Saudi financial aid.

Jamal Habbal, 66, has spent all his life under the stone vaults of the old city and reopened his macrame and rope shop there a year ago.

"We have so many memories here. It was a big market that was vibrant and lively. Girls used to come to buy items for their trousseaus. They could find everything," he told AFP.

"And then suddenly, the crisis," he said, reluctant to even say the word war.

"We had to leave. I returned in 2018, but it's still difficult," he added, speaking in a dark and largely deserted alley.

Fadel Fadel has also reopened his shop offering souvenirs, soap and mother-of-pearl inlaid boxes.

"It was completely destroyed here," said the 51-year-old.

He is hoping to see Aleppo returned to its status as a "center of commerce, industry and tourism."

"We hope for a better life."

- Museum ready to reopen -

Outside, dusty streets wind between ruins that await reconstruction and revival.

The Baron Hotel once welcomed Agatha Christie, Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser and France's Charles de Gaulle.

Visitors flocked to see the somewhat faded glory of its rooms, as well as its terrace and the unpaid bar bill belonging to one Lawrence of Arabia.

But now, several broken windows adorned with shutters hanging from a single hinge offer a view into a deserted building covered in dust.

The hotel's future is uncertain.

Its last owner, Armen Mazloumian, has passed away. He told AFP back in 2014 that he felt the hotel's glory days were behind it and it would "never be what it once was again".

Nearby, however, the National Museum of Aleppo is readying to reopen. Its courtyard was hit in shelling but its building and collection were spared.

Director Ahmed Othman said the museum "took lessons from the experience of our neighbours," including institutions in Iraq and Lebanon.

"We took the necessary measures to protect our collections," he said.

"The statues that were too heavy to move were encased in concrete and the smaller pieces were moved to safe places."

Treasures that trace nine millennia of history and the birth of writing in nearby Mesopotamia have been preserved unharmed as a result.

"We did many things in order to protect the museum as a whole," said Othman