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Egypt’s Gem of a Museum Gears up for Grand Opening 

A visitor tours the Grand Egyptian Museum, in Giza on the southwestern outskirts of the capital Cairo on February 7, 2025, set to open fully on July 3, following a partial opening in October. (AFP)
A visitor tours the Grand Egyptian Museum, in Giza on the southwestern outskirts of the capital Cairo on February 7, 2025, set to open fully on July 3, following a partial opening in October. (AFP)
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Egypt’s Gem of a Museum Gears up for Grand Opening 

A visitor tours the Grand Egyptian Museum, in Giza on the southwestern outskirts of the capital Cairo on February 7, 2025, set to open fully on July 3, following a partial opening in October. (AFP)
A visitor tours the Grand Egyptian Museum, in Giza on the southwestern outskirts of the capital Cairo on February 7, 2025, set to open fully on July 3, following a partial opening in October. (AFP)

Nestled near the iconic Giza pyramids, the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) is preparing for a lavish opening, featuring a towering statue of Ramses II and more than 100,000 artifacts, including Tutankhamun's golden treasures.

After two decades of planning, the GEM is set to open fully on July 3, following a partial opening in October.

Its long-awaited debut comes after years of delays caused by instability and the global pandemic.

Ahmed Ghoneim, the museum's director, said the inauguration could span several days, with celebrations extending beyond the museum and pyramids to sites across Egypt and even abroad.

"It will be a spectacular showcase of Egypt's historical and touristic potential," Ghoneim told Egypt's ON TV.

President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi has invited US President Donald Trump and Spain's King Felipe VI to attend the ceremony.

"This museum is the (world's) largest museum for a single civilization, which is the Pharaonic civilization," Sisi said in December.

Spanning 50 hectares (120 acres), the GEM is twice the size of both Paris's Louvre and New York's Metropolitan, and two and a half times the British Museum, according to its director.

- Stepping into history -

"The landscape of Egypt contributed to this rich civilization and we wanted to reflect that in the design," said Roisin Heneghan, co-founder of Dublin-based Heneghan Peng Architects -- the firm behind the museum's design.

"You see the pieces in the museum in the context of the pyramids. You are reminded of the place where this all happened," she told AFP.

An 11-meter (36-foot) statue of Ramses II greets visitors, leading to a grand staircase lined with statues of pharaohs, gods and sarcophagi, and ending at a window framing the pyramids.

Currently, 12 galleries display around 15,000 artifacts arranged chronologically from prehistory to the Greco-Roman period.

They include Queen Hetepheres's treasures, such as her intricately carved armchair, in sophisticated lighting after years of being tucked away in the old Egyptian Museum in Tahrir Square.

Even before the official opening, the museum left some of its first visitors awestruck.

"I cannot get over how the lighting is. It is just atmospheric and helpful, and you end up just drawn to everything that is around," said Philippa Hunt, a tourist from the United Kingdom.

South African visitor Leon Wolmarans said the GEM was a significant upgrade from the old one.

"This is much better organized, much better lit. The architecture is impressive," he told AFP.

Among the most anticipated displays for the grand opening are the treasures of Tutankhamun, including his iconic gold mask, which will take pride of place in a dedicated gallery.

- Boost for the economy -

More than 5,000 Tutankhamun artifacts have been transferred to the GEM, though his full collection, including his sarcophagus and the embalmed remains of his daughters, will be revealed at the official opening.

The GEM will also showcase the 44-meter-long cedarwood solar barque, buried near the Great Pyramid around 2,500 BC.

Another boat, still being restored, will offer an immersive experience, with visitors watching conservators at work over the next three years.

With cutting-edge technology such as virtual reality and interactive exhibits, the GEM promises a fresh take on storytelling, making history come alive for younger generations.

The museum website lists entry prices starting at 200 Egyptian pounds (about $4) for adult nationals, and 1,200 pounds for foreigners.

Beyond archaeology, the GEM is central to Egypt's efforts to revive an economy.

With tourism recovering from the Covid-19 pandemic, the GEM is expected to attract five million visitors annually, adding to a record 15.7 million tourists in 2024.

Elhamy al-Zayat, former chairman of the Egyptian Tourism Federation, said the museum's proximity to the newly opened Sphinx International Airport, the pyramids and a growing number of nearby hotels will be a game-changer for Egypt's tourism sector.

"There will be easy transportation options to and from the museum, making it accessible from anywhere," he told AFP.

"This will definitely transform Egypt's tourism industry."

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Culture

WAMY: Saudi Pavilion at Cairo International Book Fair 2026 Reflects Saudi Cultural Leadership

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
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WAMY: Saudi Pavilion at Cairo International Book Fair 2026 Reflects Saudi Cultural Leadership

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT

The World Assembly of Muslim Youth (WAMY) praised the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s distinguished participation in the 57th Cairo International Book Fair, held in January 2026, affirming that it reflects a balanced civilizational model that combines the authenticity of cultural heritage with a forward-looking vision of knowledge for future generations, SPA reported.

WAMY noted that this participation contributed to strengthening the Kingdom’s standing as an influential cultural force at the regional and international levels.

WAMY also commended the diversity of the content presented, which ranged from the latest scientific and literary publications to a rich cultural program that included seminars and poetry evenings.

These activities enhance cultural dialogue and promote the values of moderation, underscoring the Kingdom’s commitment to supporting the publishing industry, empowering youth through knowledge, and raising awareness.

Culture

Fragmentary Sculptures from the Umayyad Palace of Qasr al-Mshatta

Five sculptures from Qasr al-Mshatta are preserved in the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin, while a sixth sculpture is preserved in the Jordan Archaeological Museum in Amman.
Five sculptures from Qasr al-Mshatta are preserved in the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin, while a sixth sculpture is preserved in the Jordan Archaeological Museum in Amman.
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Fragmentary Sculptures from the Umayyad Palace of Qasr al-Mshatta

Five sculptures from Qasr al-Mshatta are preserved in the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin, while a sixth sculpture is preserved in the Jordan Archaeological Museum in Amman.
Five sculptures from Qasr al-Mshatta are preserved in the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin, while a sixth sculpture is preserved in the Jordan Archaeological Museum in Amman.

by Mahmoud Zibawi

The Jordanian desert contains a series of Umayyad palaces, the largest of which is Qasr al-Mshatta, located in the Jiza District. Western Orientalist scholars first drew attention to this site in the late nineteenth century, and a German mission succeeded in transporting its massive southern facade to Berlin at the beginning of the twentieth century, after Sultan Abdulhamid II presented it as a gift to his ally, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Prussia.

The facade entered the Kaiser Friedrich Museum in 1903 and was later transferred to the Museum of Islamic Art in 1932. This museum is regarded as the oldest and largest institution dedicated exclusively to Islamic art in Europe and North America. The facade of Qasr al-Mshatta occupies the largest portion of this European complex, alongside a small, independent group of damaged sculptures that originally formed part of the palace’s furnishings. This group bears witness to a distinct Umayyad sculptural tradition, whose artistic identity became clearly defined through comparable assemblages discovered in other Umayyad palaces excavated during the 1930s.

The sculptures from Qasr al-Mshatta are displayed on white rectangular plinths in a corner of the gallery dedicated to the palace’s monumental facade at the Museum of Islamic Art in Berlin. At first glance, they resemble fragmented stone blocks positioned at the margins of this facade, which is adorned with limestone relief carvings that have largely preserved their original features. In this corner, one piece stands out for having retained most of its original form: a carved and polished block of limestone depicting a lion crouching on a white base, measuring 72 centimeters in length and 122 centimeters in width.

The lion appears firmly grounded on its folded hind legs atop a thin rectangular base devoid of ornament, with its front legs extended forward. Despite the loss of most of the head and the extremities of the forelegs, the sculptural composition remains clear and legible. The facial features have largely disappeared, making them difficult to reconstruct; however, the posture suggests an upright head pressed close to the chest, encircled by a dense mane composed of compact, parallel locks of hair that extend to include the beard, together forming a collar encircling the oval mass of the chin.

The body is elongated and smooth, with limbs clearly articulated in a manner that approaches naturalistic realism, as evidenced by the precise modeling of the joints. This approach is especially apparent in the treatment of the hind legs and is further emphasized by the pronounced protrusion of the claws marking their extremities. It is worth noting the existence of a small carved fragment originating from Qasr al-Mshatta in which these claws appear in a similar manner. It remains unclear whether this fragment originally belonged to the same sculpture or to a companion piece that formed a paired composition, in keeping with an artistic convention prevalent in the provinces of the Sasanian Empire. Although this empire came to an end with the Islamic conquest of Persia, its cultural legacy remained vibrant and left a profound imprint on Umayyad artistic production; the lion of Qasr al-Mshatta stands as compelling evidence of this cultural synthesis.

Facing this lion are several damaged sculptural fragments, each representing a small portion of a female figure whose original configuration is now difficult to reconstruct. One fragment preserves a head, retaining the wide eye sockets, the lower portion of the nose, and lips closed in a subtle smile. The cheeks are broad, suggesting that this youthful face belonged to a woman crowned by a voluminous mass of thick hair, whose upper surface is approximately twice the area of the face itself. By contrast, two additional fragments reveal a full and fleshy female torso.

A third fragment preserves the thighs of two closely set legs, which share the same robust character. This piece has retained its polished surface and is of medium scale, measuring 70 centimeters in height and 50 centimeters in width, indicating that it belonged to a statue conceived on a near life-size scale. This three-dimensional form preserves fine details of its execution, revealing a thin garment slipping away from the buttocks, with its edge still visible at the upper part of the left thigh. On this thigh appear traces of an inscription carved in Kufic script, running from top to bottom. Unfortunately, specialists have been unable to decipher the text, though one hypothetical reading suggests that it records the name of the woman represented by the statue.

The Jordan Archaeological Museum houses a comparable fragment uncovered during restoration and cleaning campaigns conducted by the Department of Antiquities in 1962 at Qasr al-Mshatta. This piece, likewise executed at near life size, measures 75 centimeters in height and 52 centimeters in width and represents the pelvis and upper portions of the legs. Here, the garment drapes over the right thigh, revealing the left thigh beneath, with sharply defined folds executed in accordance with the classical Greek style. The statue has lost its arms; however, the remaining lower portions indicate hands that once held objects whose identities can no longer be determined.

These sculptures attest to an Umayyad female sculptural ideal, whose formal characteristics first emerged through the study of the murals at an Umayyad desert site known as Qusayr ʿAmra, documented by the Czech scholar Alois Musil in a major two-volume publication issued in 1907. These characteristics were subsequently confirmed in the medium of sculpture through the discovery of similar female figures from an Umayyad palace located at Khirbat al-Mafjar, north of Jericho, during excavations conducted by a mission affiliated with the British Department of Antiquities in the mid-1930s.

This ideal is distinguished by a full, fleshy body inclined toward corpulence, as well as facial features that mirror this physical quality. The type recurs in multiple sculptural variants, and their study reveals the use of diverse hairstyles and ornamental schemes, forming a visual vocabulary that parallels the literary lexicon for which this remarkably productive period is renowned.

Culture

Olympic Visitors to Milan Get a Rare Chance to Glimpse Restoration of a Long-Hidden Leonardo Gem

Marina Vece works on restoring the Sala delle Asse, part of the newly created Leonardo da Vinci itineraries inside Milan's Sforza Castle, Italy, Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2026. (AP)
Marina Vece works on restoring the Sala delle Asse, part of the newly created Leonardo da Vinci itineraries inside Milan's Sforza Castle, Italy, Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2026. (AP)
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Olympic Visitors to Milan Get a Rare Chance to Glimpse Restoration of a Long-Hidden Leonardo Gem

Marina Vece works on restoring the Sala delle Asse, part of the newly created Leonardo da Vinci itineraries inside Milan's Sforza Castle, Italy, Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2026. (AP)
Marina Vece works on restoring the Sala delle Asse, part of the newly created Leonardo da Vinci itineraries inside Milan's Sforza Castle, Italy, Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2026. (AP)

In honor of the Milan Cortina Olympics, Milan cultural officials are for a brief time only allowing visitors access to a long-hidden wall and ceiling painting by Leonardo da Vinci while restoration work is underway.

The vast painting of a pergola covered with intertwined flowering branches inside Milan’s Sforza Castle is concealed behind a six-meter (nearly 20-foot) towering scaffolding in the Sala delle Asse. Letters establish that Leonardo started the work, but it's one he left unfinished.

“In 1498, he had to flee because the French arrived in Milan, and after that date it was covered over, hidden,” said Luca Tosi, heritage curator at Milan’s landmark Sforza Castle, which is in the same Sempione Park where the Olympic flame will burn during the Feb. 6-22 Winter Games.

In another sign of Leonardo's impact on Milan, the Olympic cauldron itself is inspired by the Renaissance genius' geometric studies, officials announced this week.

Under the French, the castle became a military barracks and the painting, which covers the ceiling and part of the wall, was covered with plaster. The work was only rediscovered early last century, when restorers removed the plaster and filled in color to match Leonardo’s work.

“As a result, Leonardo scholars no longer recognized them as a true Leonardo, but rather as a repainted Leonardo, somewhat a fake, to use a popular term,” Tosi added.

Visitors will be able to climb up the scaffolding and view the restorers at work during a brief window from Feb. 7-March 14, after which it will be closed to the public again for another 18 months to complete the work.

Restorers are using Japanese rice paper with demineralized water to remove salts that have seeped into the walls, gradually cleaning the surface of the painting.

“The hardest part is that Leonardo’s painting is very delicate, there are some liftings, there are more fragile parts and therefore the work must be done centimeter by centimeter, with the utmost attention and care,” Tosi said.

The painting is a study of leaves and plant species that provides yet more evidence of Leonardo’s infamous scientific inquiry, said Tomasso Sacchi, Milan’s top culture official.

“It’s a thrill to know another Leonardo and to experience this extraordinary dedication to various forms of knowledge by this fundamental figure in our history,” Sacchi said.