Empty Villages in Southern Lebanon and Israeli Destruction Along Border

Emergency responders dig through the rubble of a building after an Israeli strike on a house in the Lebanese town of Marjayoun on April 5, 2024, during a cross-border exchange between Lebanon and Israel. (Photo by Rabih DAHER / AFP)
Emergency responders dig through the rubble of a building after an Israeli strike on a house in the Lebanese town of Marjayoun on April 5, 2024, during a cross-border exchange between Lebanon and Israel. (Photo by Rabih DAHER / AFP)
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Empty Villages in Southern Lebanon and Israeli Destruction Along Border

Emergency responders dig through the rubble of a building after an Israeli strike on a house in the Lebanese town of Marjayoun on April 5, 2024, during a cross-border exchange between Lebanon and Israel. (Photo by Rabih DAHER / AFP)
Emergency responders dig through the rubble of a building after an Israeli strike on a house in the Lebanese town of Marjayoun on April 5, 2024, during a cross-border exchange between Lebanon and Israel. (Photo by Rabih DAHER / AFP)

Lebanese resident Mohammed, 37, took advantage of a recent funeral announcement in his hometown of Khiam to return after leaving five months ago. He felt safer joining the funeral procession from Nabatieh, despite Israeli drones overhead.

His short visit of about two hours revealed extensive damage from Israeli airstrikes, leaving him in tears at the sight of his neighbor’s destroyed home.

Similar experiences are shared by visitors to southern Lebanon’s border region, where towns and homes have been destroyed by Israeli shelling and airstrikes.

Mohammed, like many, considers himself lucky to have left his house, seeing it as a necessary step to protect against ongoing attacks that don’t differentiate between civilians and others.

Compared to neighboring villages, Khiam’s destruction is relatively mild, with places like Aita al-Shaab suffering the worst.

According to a volunteer with an international relief organization, Kfar Kila has seen over 400 homes damaged. The destruction extends to Aita al-Shaab, where entire residential blocks have been leveled by Israeli airstrikes over the past six months.

Since Oct. 8, the Israeli military has stepped up attacks on villages and border towns, moving from artillery fire to drone strikes and aerial bombings from fighter jets.

Official sources in southern Lebanon report that “more than 4,000 attacks have hit 23 towns directly along the border with Israel since Oct. 8.”

Nearby towns deeper into Lebanon have also faced airstrikes and artillery fire, but less frequently.

A report by the UN Development Program in Lebanon last December found that over 90 villages were targeted, with some attacks hitting empty homes and facilities.

Exact numbers of homes destroyed or damaged are hard to come by due to ongoing fighting, preventing official surveys.

However, initial estimates suggest over 1,200 homes have been completely destroyed, with about 5,000 suffering partial damage. The true extent of the damage won't be known until officials can conduct thorough assessments.



What Happens When Russian Gas to Europe Via Ukraine Stops?

A view shows a board with the logo of Russian gas producer Gazprom at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Saint Petersburg, Russia June 5, 2024. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov/File Photo
A view shows a board with the logo of Russian gas producer Gazprom at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Saint Petersburg, Russia June 5, 2024. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov/File Photo
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What Happens When Russian Gas to Europe Via Ukraine Stops?

A view shows a board with the logo of Russian gas producer Gazprom at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Saint Petersburg, Russia June 5, 2024. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov/File Photo
A view shows a board with the logo of Russian gas producer Gazprom at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) in Saint Petersburg, Russia June 5, 2024. REUTERS/Anton Vaganov/File Photo

Austria's energy company OMV was informed by Gazprom that the Russian gas producer would halt deliveries of natural gas via Ukraine to OMV from 0500 GMT on Nov. 16 following OMV winning an arbitration case. Supplies of Russian gas to Europe via Ukraine may completely stop from Jan. 1 2025 after the current five-year deal expires as Kyiv has refused to negotiate the new terms of the transit with Moscow during the war.
Here is what happens if Russian gas transit via Ukraine is completely turned off and who will be affected most, according to Reuters.
HOW BIG ARE THE VOLUMES?
Russian gas supplies to Europe via Ukraine are relatively small. Russia shipped about 15 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas via Ukraine in 2023 - only 8% of peak Russian gas flows to Europe via various routes in 2018-2019.
Russia spent half a century building its European gas market share, which at its peak stood at 35%.
Moscow lost its share to rivals such as Norway, the United States and Qatar since the invasion of Ukraine in 2022, prompting the EU to cut its dependence on Russian gas.
EU gas prices rallied in 2022 to record highs after the loss of Russian supplies. The rally won't be repeated given modest volumes and a small number of customers for the remaining volumes, according to EU officials and traders.
UKRAINIAN ROUTE
The Soviet-era Urengoy-Pomary-Uzhgorod pipeline brings gas from Siberia via the town of Sudzha - now under control of Ukrainian military forces - in Russia's Kursk region. It then flows through Ukraine to Slovakia.
In Slovakia, the gas pipeline splits into branches going to the Czech Republic and Austria.
Austria still receives most of its gas via Ukraine, while Russia accounts for around two-thirds of Hungary's gas imports.
Slovakia takes around 3 bcm from energy giant Gazprom per year, also about two-thirds of its needs.
Czech Republic almost completely cut gas imports from the east last year, but has started taking gas from Russia in 2024.
Most other Russian gas routes to Europe are shut including Yamal-Europe via Belarus and Nord Stream under the Baltic.
The only other operational Russian gas pipeline route to Europe is the Blue Stream and TurkStream to Türkiye under the Black Sea. Türkiye sends some Russian gas volumes onward to Europe including to Hungary.
WHY DOES THE UKRAINIAN ROUTE STILL WORK?
While remaining Russian gas transit volumes are small, the issue remains a dilemma for the EU. Many EU members such as France and Germany have said they would not buy Russian gas anymore but the stance of Slovakia, Hungary and Austria, which have closer ties to Moscow, challenges the EU common approach.
The countries, who still receive Russian gas, argue it is the most economic fuel and also blame neighboring EU countries for imposing high transit fees for alternative supplies.
Ukraine still earns $0.8-$1 billion in transit fees from Russian gas transit. Russia earns over $3 billion on sales via Ukraine based on an average gas price of $200 per 1,000 cubic meters, according to Reuters calculations.
Russia's gas pipeline export monopoly Gazprom plunged to a net loss of $7 billion in 2023, its first annual loss since 1999, because of the loss EU's gas markets.
Russia has said it would be ready to extend the transit deal but Kyiv has repeatedly said it won't do it.
Another option is for Gazprom to supply some of the gas via another route, for example via TurkStream, Bulgaria, Serbia or Hungary. However, capacity via these routes is limited.
The EU and Ukraine have also asked Azerbaijan to facilitate discussions with Russia regarding the gas transit deal, an Azeri presidential advisor told Reuters, who declined to give further details.