Mona Lisa Has Charcoal Preparatory Sketch, French Expert Says

Mona Lisa Foundation's Vice President David Feldman moves Leonardo da Vinci's "Earlier Mona Lisa" painting into its viewing enclosure ahead of its exhibition at The Arts House in Singapore December 12, 2014. REUTERS/Edgar Su
Mona Lisa Foundation's Vice President David Feldman moves Leonardo da Vinci's "Earlier Mona Lisa" painting into its viewing enclosure ahead of its exhibition at The Arts House in Singapore December 12, 2014. REUTERS/Edgar Su
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Mona Lisa Has Charcoal Preparatory Sketch, French Expert Says

Mona Lisa Foundation's Vice President David Feldman moves Leonardo da Vinci's "Earlier Mona Lisa" painting into its viewing enclosure ahead of its exhibition at The Arts House in Singapore December 12, 2014. REUTERS/Edgar Su
Mona Lisa Foundation's Vice President David Feldman moves Leonardo da Vinci's "Earlier Mona Lisa" painting into its viewing enclosure ahead of its exhibition at The Arts House in Singapore December 12, 2014. REUTERS/Edgar Su

The Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci has confused the world for centuries, and it still has more hidden secrets. Debates over this famous drawing, the identity of the woman with the wide smile, and the possibility of finding other preparatory sketches for it are incessant.

Reuters reported on Saturday that a French art expert believes a charcoal drawing kept in a collection for more than 150 years may be a preparatory sketch made by Leonardo da Vinci of the Mona Lisa.

The black-and-white drawing of a woman, nude from the waist up, known as the “Monna Vanna”, was previously attributed to Leonardo’s studio, suggesting it was done in his style by a pupil or follower, not by the master himself.

But after preliminary tests at the Louvre Museum, experts believe the sketch may well have been drawn by Leonardo.

The Museum’s curator Mathieu Deldicque said among the signs are the fact the drawing was made during the same period as the Mona Lisa, the paper is from the same region of Italy, and the technique is very similar to that of the Mona Lisa.

Deldicque told reporters: “We know the drawing was made during the lifetime of Leonardo da Vinci, we know that the paper was made in Italy, between Venice and Florence, and the third discovery is the high quality of this drawing in the face of the Monna Vanna and in her arms. That’s very interesting because the arms are the same as the Mona Lisa‘s.”

Leonardo, who lived from 1452 to 1519, was an engineer, scientist, inventor and sculptor, as well as one of the finest artists of the Italian Renaissance.

He painted the Mona Lisa, also known as La Gioconda and regarded as the world’s most valuable artwork, at the beginning of the 16th century. It is believed to depict Lisa Gherardini, the wife of a successful merchant.

The charcoal portrait, in which the woman is holding a similar pose to the Mona Lisa but with her body more side-on and her head turned further over her left shoulder, has been held in a collection at the Conde Museum at the Palace of Chantilly, north of Paris, since 1862.

Deldicque explained that while it was exciting to think the charcoal drawing was created by Leonardo, there were more tests to be done. He added: “We have one more month of analysis and then a very slow process of history of art with a collection of analysts and advice by specialists,”
It is possible that process will determine that the authorship is the same. But it may also be inconclusive, he noted, adding: “Maybe the mystery will remain.”



Underwater Sculpture Park Brings Coral Reef Art to Miami Beach

Concrete cars wait to the submerged off South Beach to become an underwater sculpture park Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2025, in Miami Beach, Fla. Native corals grown in a lab will be attached to the cars to create a reef. (AP Photo/Marta Lavandier)
Concrete cars wait to the submerged off South Beach to become an underwater sculpture park Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2025, in Miami Beach, Fla. Native corals grown in a lab will be attached to the cars to create a reef. (AP Photo/Marta Lavandier)
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Underwater Sculpture Park Brings Coral Reef Art to Miami Beach

Concrete cars wait to the submerged off South Beach to become an underwater sculpture park Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2025, in Miami Beach, Fla. Native corals grown in a lab will be attached to the cars to create a reef. (AP Photo/Marta Lavandier)
Concrete cars wait to the submerged off South Beach to become an underwater sculpture park Tuesday, Oct. 28, 2025, in Miami Beach, Fla. Native corals grown in a lab will be attached to the cars to create a reef. (AP Photo/Marta Lavandier)

South Florida is seeing a wave of new cars, but they won't add to traffic or lengthen anyone's commute. That's because the cars are made of marine-grade concrete and were installed underwater.

Over several days late last month, crews lowered 22 life-sized cars into the ocean, several hundred feet off South Beach. The project was organized by a group that pioneers underwater sculpture parks as a way to create human-made coral reefs.

"Concrete Coral," commissioned by the nonprofit REEFLINE, will soon be seeded with 2,200 native corals that have been grown in a nearby Miami lab. The project is partially funded by a $5 million bond from the city of Miami Beach. The group is also trying to raise $40 million to extend the potentially 11-phase project along an underwater corridor just off the city's 7-mile-long (11-kilometer) coastline.

“I think we are making history here," Ximena Caminos, the group's founder, said. “It’s one of a kind, it’s a pioneering, underwater reef that’s teaming up with science, teaming up with art.”

She conceived the overall plan with architect Shohei Shigematsu, and the artist Leandro Erlich designed the car sculptures for the first phase.

Colin Foord, who runs REEFLINE's Miami coral lab, said they'll soon start the planting process and create a forest of soft corals over the car sculptures, which will serve as a habitat swarming with marine life.

“I think it really lends to the depth of the artistic message itself of having a traffic jam of cars underwater,” Foord said. “So nature’s gonna take back over, and we’re helping by growing the soft corals.”

Foord said he's confident the native gorgonian corals will thrive because they were grown from survivors of the 2023 bleaching event, where a marine heatwave killed massive amounts of Florida corals, The AP news reported.

Plans for future deployments include Petroc Sesti's “Heart of Okeanos,” modeled after a giant blue whale heart, and Carlos Betancourt and Alberto Latorre's “The Miami Reef Star, a group of starfish shapes arranged in a larger star pattern.

“What that’s going to do is accelerate the formation of a coral reef ecosystem,” Foord said. "It’s going to attract a lot more life and add biodiversity and really kind of push the envelope of artificial reef-building here in Florida.”

Besides being a testing ground for new coral transplantation and hybrid reef design and development, Miami Beach Mayor Steven Meiner expects the project to generate local jobs with ecotourism experiences like snorkeling, diving, kayaking and paddleboard tours.

The reefs will be located about 20 feet (6 meters) below the surface of the water and about 800 feet (240 meters) from the shore.

“Miami Beach is a global model for so many different issues, and now we’re doing it for REEFLINE,” Meiner said during a beachside ceremony last month. “I'm so proud to be working together with the private market to make sure that this continues right here in Miami Beach to be the blueprint for other cities to utilize."

The nonprofit also offers community education programs, where volunteers can plant corals alongside scientists, and a floating marine learning center, where participants can gain firsthand experience in coral conservation every month.

Caminos, the group's founder, acknowledges that the installation won't fix all of the problems — which are as big as climate change and sea level rise — but she said it can serve as a catalyst for dialogue about the value of coastal ecosystems.

“We can show how creatively, collaboratively and interdisciplinarily we can all tackle a man-made problem with man-made solutions,” Caminos said.


A Rome Medieval Tower Partially Collapses, Badly Injuring a Worker and Trapping Another

This combo of three pictures shows a cloud of debris from a second collapse surrounding firefighters who were trying to rescue a worker after a medieval tower near the Roman Forum partially collapsed during renovation work, in Rome, Italy, Monday Nov. 3 2025. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)
This combo of three pictures shows a cloud of debris from a second collapse surrounding firefighters who were trying to rescue a worker after a medieval tower near the Roman Forum partially collapsed during renovation work, in Rome, Italy, Monday Nov. 3 2025. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)
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A Rome Medieval Tower Partially Collapses, Badly Injuring a Worker and Trapping Another

This combo of three pictures shows a cloud of debris from a second collapse surrounding firefighters who were trying to rescue a worker after a medieval tower near the Roman Forum partially collapsed during renovation work, in Rome, Italy, Monday Nov. 3 2025. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)
This combo of three pictures shows a cloud of debris from a second collapse surrounding firefighters who were trying to rescue a worker after a medieval tower near the Roman Forum partially collapsed during renovation work, in Rome, Italy, Monday Nov. 3 2025. (AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis)

A medieval tower in the heart of Italy's capital, near the famous Roman Forum ruins, partially collapsed on Monday during renovations of the structure, critically injuring one worker and trapping another, authorities said.

Hundreds of tourists watched as firefighters used a mobile ladder to bring a stretcher to the upper level of the Torre dei Conti to rescue the worker who remained trapped.

During the rescue attempt, another part of the structure partially collapsed, sending up a cloud of debris and forcing firefighters to quickly retreat, The AP news reported.

Firefighter spokesman Luca Cari confirmed that the one remaining worker remained trapped hours after the initial collapse. He added that a rescued worker was being treated in critical condition and that another three workers were rescued unharmed.

The initial collapse happened some time before noon, and did not appear to have involved any bystanders.

Queen Paglinawan was working in a nearby gelato parlor when she heard the two loud noises from the town in quick succession.

“I was working and then I heard some like falling, and then I saw the tower collapse in a diagonal way,'' Paglinawan, 27, said as yet another collapse occurred in the background.

German student Viktoria Braeu passed by the scene just as the partial collapse during the firefighters' rescue occurred.

“We were just at the Colosseum ... and we were just walking to get some food. ... And then we were like, ‘It’s probably not long until it's going to go down,' and then it just started erupting,'' said Braeu, 18.

Four firefighters later approached the first-floor window on two mobile ladders, but were quickly pulled back when dust emerged. Authorities then positioned a drone in front of the window in an apparent attempt to check the condition of the trapped worker.

The Torre dei Conti was built in the 13th century by Pope Innocent III as a residence for his family. The tower was damaged in a 1349 earthquake and suffered subsequent collapses in the 17th century.

Rome Mayor Roberto Gualtieri and Italian Culture Minister Alessandro Giuli were at the scene, but declined to speak with reporters.


Much Like a Nursing Home, Penguins at a Boston Aquarium Can Age with Dignity

Senior penguin trainer Mia Luzietti sits with southern rockhopper penguins at the New England Aquarium in Boston, on Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Robert F. Bukaty)
Senior penguin trainer Mia Luzietti sits with southern rockhopper penguins at the New England Aquarium in Boston, on Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Robert F. Bukaty)
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Much Like a Nursing Home, Penguins at a Boston Aquarium Can Age with Dignity

Senior penguin trainer Mia Luzietti sits with southern rockhopper penguins at the New England Aquarium in Boston, on Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Robert F. Bukaty)
Senior penguin trainer Mia Luzietti sits with southern rockhopper penguins at the New England Aquarium in Boston, on Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025. (AP Photo/Robert F. Bukaty)

When Lambert started losing his vision and slowing down a few steps, it became clear that he needed to be relocated to a place where he could age safely and still be with his friends.

But he couldn't be placed in just any nursing home — because he is a critically endangered African penguin. Instead, the New England Aquarium in Boston, where the 33-year-old Lambert was born and has lived his entire life, decided in February to open a geriatric island for him and its six other aging penguins.

“Honestly, it sort of started off as a joke. It’s like, ‘Oh, well, why don’t we give them an old folks home?’” Eric Fox, associate curator of penguins at the aquarium, said. “But the more we were looking at their welfare data and understanding what ailments they go through, what physical limitations they have, we started to realize that we were on to something.”

The rocky island near the aquarium entrance is set apart from the rest of the 38-bird colony, ensuring the older penguins don't have to compete for territory with their often aggressive, younger peers. These penguins, with their trademark black and white feathers, stand about 2 feet (0.6 meters) tall and weigh about as much as a large house cat, The AP news reported.

The enclosure has some flatter topography and a carpeted path down to the water, which allows Lambert and the other penguins to better navigate up and down the island. The aquarium has built a stand in front of the island, which makes it easier for the penguins to hop out of the water.

As a result, Mia Luzietti, a senior penguin trainer at the aquarium, said she has seen Lambert become more active since moving to the new island — swimming more with his mate and getting off the island more often.

The concept was inspired by a larger concern that is confronting zoos and aquariums around the world — what to do when their animals are surviving far longer than their counterparts in the wild. In the case of these African penguins, some are in their 30s and one lived into its 40s. That is twice as long as they would live in the wilds of South Africa and Namibia, due to threats like pollution and lack of food from humans’ overfishing.

“It's really important that, as we learned how long these animals could live, if given an optimal environment, that we evolved with that,” Luzietti said.

“So learning on an individual level, how can we best set our animals up for success is really what led to the idea of creating our geriatric island, a place where our oldest penguins have a more comfortable, slower way of life as they live out their days here,” she added.

Caring for the aging penguins goes far beyond a safer enclosure.

The older birds get more checkups than their younger counterparts, and veterinarians offer them treatment for ailments that might be familiar to older humans — such as supplements and anti-inflammatory drugs for arthritis and joint pain, and eye drops for glaucoma. There are also more cameras around the island, so staff can better monitor the birds.

“We are just keeping a little closer of an eye on some of these older birds,” Luzietti said. “It’s important that we’re picking up on those — from how someone’s hips are moving, how they’re walking, how they are acting, if someone’s squinting. The smallest change day to day can be hiding a really big secret.”

On a recent day, Luzietti was in the geriatric enclosure tending to Lambert — who seemed content to stand at the top of the island with his mate Dyer III, preening one another and occasionally letting out a loud call that sounded like a donkey's bray. He previously had his left eye removed due to an infection and has glaucoma in his right eye. He also suffers from chronic inflammation.

Luzietti coaxed him down from his perch, and soon he was sitting on her lap, getting ready for his daily dose of eye drops.

A crowd had formed around the enclosure to watch, including Terri Blessman, a 69-year-old tourist from Canton, Illinois, who was being pushed in a wheelchair by her friend Lou Ann Delost. Hearing about Lambert's age and the care he gets, Blessman said she could relate.

“That's wonderful,” Blessman said. “All of us older people need extra care as we get older.”