Russia, Turkey Bicker over Syria's De-escalation Zones

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov (File Photo: Reuters)
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov (File Photo: Reuters)
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Russia, Turkey Bicker over Syria's De-escalation Zones

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov (File Photo: Reuters)
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov (File Photo: Reuters)

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has reiterated that the Syrian dialogue conference in Sochi would contribute to the success of the Geneva talks.

Following ameeting with his Iranian counterpart Mohammed Javad Zarif, Lavrov said that there is a conviction that Syrian National Dialogue Congress (SNDC) can really create conditions for the success of the Geneva talks if there is an understanding that the part of the radical opposition that keeps making preconditions, including a regime change, is influenced by those that control it.

The minister indicated that he recently spoke about this in Moscow with UN Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura during a meeting with Defense Minister Sergey Shoigu.

“We are now at a very responsible stage of preparations for our tripartite Russian-Iranian-Turkish initiative on holding the Syrian National Dialogue Congress in Sochi,” added Lavrov.

He stressed that the Geneva talks wouldn’t have been this important for all the participants in the process hadn’t it been for the initiatives, starting with the Astana process launched a year ago.

For his part, the Iranian Foreign Minister stated that the Sochi meeting will help achieve success at the UN-sponsored peace talks in Geneva.

"We are committed to cooperating with you and our Turkish friends and moving in the same direction so that the Congress that will be held in Sochi finds a way for the political settlement of the crisis in Syria," Zarif added.

Russian and Turkish guarantors bickered on Wednesday on Idlib’s de-escalation zone, north of Syria, as Ankara recently criticized Moscow for not performing its duties in the province.

In an indirect response, Russian Defense Ministry said that a recent drone attack on Russian bases in Syria came from Idlib.

The attack was launched from an area near Idlib controlled by Turkish-backed rebel forces, according to the ministry.

According to a report published Wednesday by “Red Star” newspaper of the Russian Defense Ministry, the drones were launched from the de-escalation area in Idlib which is controlled by the “moderate opposition”.

The ministry, added the newspaper, sent two formal complaints about the incident to the head of the Turkish General Staff, General Hulusi Akar, and the national intelligence chief, Hakan Fidan.

Ankara must deliver on "its promises to enforce the ceasefire on the armed forces under its control and to establish observation posts in the Idlib de-escalation zone to prevent similar drone attacks on any targets,” the letters said.

The Russian Ministry did not determine which opposition faction is responsible for the attack, and a ministry source informed Russian Kommersant publication that the ministry will not issue any harsh statements against the US before evidence on its involvement.

The source stated that authorities are gathering information to determine the technical specifications of the drone used in the attack.

The recent developments occurred three weeks before the Syrian dialogue conference in Sochi which will be held at the end of January. The Kremlin confirmed that it is contacting experts to determine the list of participants.

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Wednesday "intense contacts" were in progress between Russia, Iran and Turkey in order to draw up the list of participants. He added that such contacts can be "quite quickly" arranged if necessary.

When asked about a possible tripartite Russian-Iranian-Turkish meeting before Sochi, Peskov stated that such meeting is not on the agenda of Russian President Vladimir Putin. 

Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the UN Ambassador Vassily Nebenzia stated that Russia hopes the UN would participate in Sochi.

"We think that it is in the interests of the UN to participate. Because Sochi is not a stand-alone event but a contribution to the UN process," he added.

Speaking after a closed session of UNSC consultations on the humanitarian situation in Raqqa, Nebenzia called on the US-lead coalition to rebuild the city.

He reiterated: “I think that those who fought ISIS there and ruined the city should also take responsibility of restoring it, but so far the process is going very slowly. That was the point of the meeting,”

Russia's Permanent Representative to the EU Vladimir Chizhov appealed to Brussels to provide Syria with humanitarian aid.

"The EU wants to see a political transition first, but this is the time when people suffer, so we believe that the time has come to go beyond the scope of humanitarian aid to something more substantial," Chizhov said.

The official added: “We will coordinate efforts with other possible players. The Iranians may say that they contribute a certain amount to restore Syria, but what will Britain say, what will the EU say?"



Tetteh: Despite UN Engagement, No Progress in Libya Roadmap

Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya Hanna Tetteh Getty)
Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya Hanna Tetteh Getty)
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Tetteh: Despite UN Engagement, No Progress in Libya Roadmap

Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya Hanna Tetteh Getty)
Head of the United Nations Support Mission in Libya Hanna Tetteh Getty)

The UN’s top envoy for Libya, Hanna Tetteh, has informed the Security Council that despite active United Nations engagement, the Libyan House of Representatives and the High Council of State have failed to make progress on the first steps of the agreed political roadmap, including establishing a mechanism to select the board of the High National Elections Commission (HNEC) and advancing electoral legislation.

Briefing the Council in New York on Wednesday, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General said: “Their inability to use their agreed mechanism and follow-on unilateral actions has further eroded their credibility."

Tetteh added that Libyan public perceptions reflect a growing belief that the bodies are “unable or unwilling” to deliver.

She told Council members that she has begun consultations with key actors on an alternative two-step approach aimed at restoring momentum. Should a smaller group of Libyan representatives fail to agree on the roadmap’s milestones, she warned, a broader convening would be required. “We cannot wait indefinitely,” she emphasized.

The UN envoy also issued a stark warning about escalating tensions within Libya’s judicial system.

She said “contradictory, parallel judicial decisions put into jeopardy the unity of the legal and judicial systems,” cautioning that the situation “is a red line that if crossed can undermine the unity of the state.”

She urged Libyan leaders to refrain from further escalatory steps and called on the Council to hold accountable those taking actions that threaten to fracture the judiciary.

Tetteh also warned that transnational criminal networks continue to expand, turning Libya into a major transit hub for drug trafficking and sustaining illicit economies linked to corruption and armed groups.


Damascus, in Cooperation with Baghdad, Foils Plot to Smuggle Drugs Abroad

Quantities of Captagon prepared for smuggling abroad- SANA
Quantities of Captagon prepared for smuggling abroad- SANA
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Damascus, in Cooperation with Baghdad, Foils Plot to Smuggle Drugs Abroad

Quantities of Captagon prepared for smuggling abroad- SANA
Quantities of Captagon prepared for smuggling abroad- SANA

Syrian authorities said they have thwarted an attempt to smuggle a large shipment of drugs out of the country.

The Syrian Narcotics Directorate said on Wednesday it seized approximately 400,000 captagon pills, weighing about 65 kilograms, during an operation in Homs province in central Syria.

The drugs would have been smuggled to other countries, the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA) reported. Two suspects were arrested on suspicion of managing a drug-trafficking network operating across borders.

The operation was carried out in coordination with Iraq’s General Directorate for Narcotics and Psychotropic Substances Control, SANA quoted a Syrian Interior Ministry statement as saying.

Earlier this month, the Syrian Narcotics Directorate conducted a joint security operation with the Iraqi authorities targeting an international drug-trafficking network, and seizing about 300,000 Captagon pills. Two people were also arrested.


How Gaza Armed Gangs Recruit New Members

Security personnel guard trucks carrying aid as they arrive in Rafah, amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and the Palestinian Islamist group Hamas, in the southern Gaza Strip January 17, 2024. (Reuters)
Security personnel guard trucks carrying aid as they arrive in Rafah, amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and the Palestinian Islamist group Hamas, in the southern Gaza Strip January 17, 2024. (Reuters)
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How Gaza Armed Gangs Recruit New Members

Security personnel guard trucks carrying aid as they arrive in Rafah, amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and the Palestinian Islamist group Hamas, in the southern Gaza Strip January 17, 2024. (Reuters)
Security personnel guard trucks carrying aid as they arrive in Rafah, amid the ongoing conflict between Israel and the Palestinian Islamist group Hamas, in the southern Gaza Strip January 17, 2024. (Reuters)

As Hamas moves to strike armed gangs operating in areas of the Gaza Strip under Israeli army control, the groups are responding with defiance, stepping up efforts to recruit young men and expand their ranks.

Videos posted on social media show training exercises and other activities, signaling that the gangs remain active despite pressure from Hamas security services.

Platforms affiliated with Hamas security say some members have recently turned themselves in following mediation by families, clans and community leaders. The gangs have not responded to those statements. Instead, they occasionally broadcast footage announcing new recruits.

Among the most prominent was Hamza Mahra, a Hamas activist who appeared weeks ago in a video released by the Shawqi Abu Nasira gang, which operates north of Khan Younis and east of Deir al-Balah.

Mahra’s appearance has raised questions about how these groups recruit members inside the enclave.

Field sources and others within the security apparatus of a Palestinian armed faction in Gaza told Asharq Al-Awsat that Mahra’s case may be an exception. They described him as a Hamas activist with no major role, despite his grandfather being among the founders of Hamas in Jabalia.

His decision to join the gang was driven by personal reasons linked to a family dispute, they said, not by organizational considerations.

The sources said the gangs exploit severe economic hardship, luring some young men with money, cigarettes and other incentives. Some recruits were heavily indebted and fled to gang-controlled areas to avoid repaying creditors.

Others joined in search of narcotic pills, the sources said, noting that some had previously been detained by Hamas-run security forces on similar charges. Economic hardship and the need for cigarettes and drugs were among the main drivers of recruitment, they added, saying the gangs, with Israeli backing, provide such supplies.

Resentment toward Hamas has also played a role, particularly among those previously arrested on criminal or security grounds and subjected to what the sources described as limited torture during interrogations under established procedures.

According to the sources, some founders or current leaders of the gangs previously served in the Palestinian Authority security services.

They cited Shawqi Abu Nasira, a senior police officer; Hussam al-Astal, an officer in the Preventive Security Service; and Rami Helles and Ashraf al-Mansi, both former officers in the Palestinian Presidential Guard.

These figures, the sources said, approach young men in need and at times succeed in recruiting them by promising help in settling debts and providing cigarettes. They also tell recruits that joining will secure them a future role in security forces that would later govern Gaza.

The sources described the case of a young man who surrendered to Gaza security services last week. He said he had been pressured after a phone call with a woman who threatened to publish the recording unless he joined one of the gangs.

He later received assurances from another contact that he would help repay some of his debts and ultimately agreed to enlist.

During questioning, he said the leader of the gang he joined east of Gaza City repeatedly assured recruits they would be “part of the structure of any Palestinian security force that will rule the sector.”

The young man told investigators he was unconvinced by those assurances, as were dozens of others in the same group.

Investigations of several individuals who surrendered, along with field data, indicate the gangs have carried out armed missions on behalf of the Israeli army, including locating tunnels. That has led to ambushes by Palestinian factions.

In the past week, clashes in the Zaytoun neighborhood south of Gaza City and near al-Masdar east of Deir al-Balah left gang members dead and wounded.

Some investigations also found that the gangs recruited young men previously involved in looting humanitarian aid.