Saudi Aramco Signs Framework Agreement with ADNOC, MoU with Indian Consortium

A flame from a Saudi Aramco oil installation burns brightly during sunset in the Saudi desert. (Getty Images)
A flame from a Saudi Aramco oil installation burns brightly during sunset in the Saudi desert. (Getty Images)
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Saudi Aramco Signs Framework Agreement with ADNOC, MoU with Indian Consortium

A flame from a Saudi Aramco oil installation burns brightly during sunset in the Saudi desert. (Getty Images)
A flame from a Saudi Aramco oil installation burns brightly during sunset in the Saudi desert. (Getty Images)

Saudi Aramco and the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) announced on Monday that they have signed a Framework Agreement to jointly develop the Ratnagiri Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited (RRPCL), a 1.2 million barrel per day integrated mega refinery and petrochemicals complex at Ratnagiri, India.

The Framework Agreement was signed in Dhahran by Amin Nasser, CEO of Saudi Aramco, Dr. Sultan Ahmed Al Jaber, UAE Minister of State and ADNOC Group CEO.

In a statement to Saudi Press Agency (SPA), the agreement defines the principles of the joint strategic cooperation between Saudi Aramco and ADNOC to jointly build, own and operate the complex in collaboration with a consortium of Indian national oil companies currently consisting of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOCl), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL), and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (HPCL).

Saudi Aramco and ADNOC will jointly own 50% of the new joint venture Company RRPCL, with the remaining 50% owned by the Indian Consortium.

Furthermore, Nasser signed an MoU and Acknowledgement with ADNOC, RRPCL, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd., Bharat Petroleum Corporation and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation.

Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, UAE Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, and Shri Dharmendra Pradhan, India’s Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas, witnessed the signing of the agreements between ADNOC, Saudi Aramco and the Indian consortium companies.

The agreements are aimed at exploring a strategic partnership and co-investment in the development of a new US $44 billion mega refinery and petrochemicals complex at Ratnagiri on India’s west coast.

The partnership between Saudi Aramco and ADNOC marks a significant step in regional energy partnership and cooperation, bringing together two of the world’s leading national oil companies as strategic partners with the Indian consortium.

It will also combine their considerable expertise spanning crude supply, resources and technologies, along with an established commercial presence and global reach. A pre-feasibility study to determine the project’s overall configuration will now be jointly executed by the parties.

Dr. Jaber said: “This project is a clear example of our expanded downstream strategy, where we will make strategic, commercially-driven, targeted investments, both in the UAE and abroad. By investing in this project, we will both secure off-take of our crude to a key market for ADNOC, as well as strengthen access in one of the world’s largest and fastest growing refining and petrochemical markets.”

“It underlines our expanded approach to energy partnerships by joining hands with both Saudi Aramco, and our Indian colleagues, combining a truly unique set of assets, capabilities and market reach to meet India's projected energy demand growth. Furthermore, the project executes on the wise directives of the UAE’s leadership, to strengthen and bolster our long-term ties with these strategic partners, building on the successful partnerships that are already in place.”

Nasser stated: “World energy demand is expected to grow exponentially by 2050, driven in large part by India. “Saudi Aramco is proud to partner with ADNOC and RRPCL to help ensure that the world’s fastest-growing economy has secure and reliable energy feedstocks for its long-term prosperity.”

“The Ratnagiri project will meet India’s rising demand for fuels and chemical products while serving the strategic objectives of the partners. I am pleased that Saudi Aramco will deepen its engagement in India’s fast-growing oil and gas sector through this project that also positions us for future collaboration here as a key element of our company’s global downstream strategy.”

Shri Dharmendra Pradhan, Minister of Petroleum and Natural Gas, said: "Our oil and gas relations have taken a major leap today with the signing of the MoU between Saudi Aramco and ADNOC. This will make the UAE and Saudi Arabia partners in India's rapidly growing refining sector and in India's growth story."



Saudi Real Estate Market Maintains Investment Momentum Despite War Fallout

Residential developments in Saudi Arabia (Ministry of Municipalities and Housing)
Residential developments in Saudi Arabia (Ministry of Municipalities and Housing)
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Saudi Real Estate Market Maintains Investment Momentum Despite War Fallout

Residential developments in Saudi Arabia (Ministry of Municipalities and Housing)
Residential developments in Saudi Arabia (Ministry of Municipalities and Housing)

Saudi Arabia's real estate market continues to attract investment despite geopolitical challenges weighing on economic activity worldwide, supported by new housing developments and efforts to expand residential supply.

The Ministry of Municipalities and Housing announced that more than 15,000 residential land plots had been made available through the Sakani platform across the Kingdom between the beginning of 2026 and the end of October, alongside additional projects launched by private-sector developers.

The developments underscore the sector's continued momentum and its importance to the Saudi economy.

Government initiatives and private-sector projects aim to expand housing supply and meet growing demand, reinforcing real estate's position as a key driver of economic growth and diversification.

Strong domestic demand and ongoing urban development projects continue to underpin the market's appeal, attracting investment from both Saudi and international investors.

Against a backdrop of geopolitical uncertainty and war-related disruptions to trade, supply chains, financing costs and construction expenses, the real estate sector has gained importance as an industry driven largely by domestic demand and capable of sustaining economic activity.

Private-Sector Investment

Despite mounting global economic volatility and geopolitical tensions, Saudi Arabia's real estate market continues to attract international investment, supported by clear economic policies, expanding development opportunities and strong housing demand.

Real estate developer Arada recently announced its entry into the Saudi market through a partnership with local company XTOPIA, backed by a SAR 50 billion ($13.3 billion) portfolio of land and development opportunities.

The partnership's first project is a SAR 14 billion residential development in Riyadh's Al Rimal district.

Riyadh Region Municipality, the Ministry of Municipalities and Housing, and the National Center for Privatization & PPP also recently announced the launch of the expression of interest, prequalification and proposal submission stages for a joint land investment project.

The initiative involves developing a municipal land plot in northern Riyadh through a 50-year partnership with the private sector, marking the municipality's first project under the joint investment model.

Real estate specialists described the initiative as an important step toward enabling private investors to develop property assets into sustainable projects with significant economic value.

They said the extended investment period would encourage developers to improve construction quality and services, strengthen project feasibility, diversify real estate offerings and increase supply in one of the capital's most expensive neighborhoods.

Balancing the Real Estate Market

The importance of releasing more residential land lies in achieving greater balance in the property market, a government objective outlined by Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman.

The strategy seeks to increase housing supply by making more land available, broadening the options accessible to Saudi citizens and enabling more households to move from searching for a home to building and owning one.

Increasing the availability of residential land, particularly in cities and governorates experiencing rising demand, could ease pressure on land prices over the medium term, provided that plot locations and sizes correspond to actual market needs.

The release of additional land also creates opportunities for real estate developers, contractors, engineering firms and building materials suppliers to benefit from anticipated demand for construction projects.

As a result, businesses across the real estate and construction supply chain could see stronger activity despite the impact of the geopolitical crisis on other economic sectors in the region.

The initiative also expands housing choices, supports efforts to increase homeownership rates and improve quality of life, and encourages urban development beyond major metropolitan centers.

Lowering Prices

Real estate developer Ahmed Omar Basoudan believes the main challenge facing Saudi Arabia's property market in the coming period will not simply be increasing the number of land plots and housing units available.

Rather, he said, the priority must be ensuring that homes reach buyers at prices they can afford, while providing adequate infrastructure and services and keeping development and construction costs under control.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, Basoudan explained that genuine balance in the real estate market depends on the availability of housing that meets buyers' needs in terms of price, location and quality, rather than simply increasing overall supply.

He said the release of more than 15,000 residential land plots during the first 10 months of the year, together with recently announced private-sector projects, reflected the government's continued commitment to expanding housing supply and providing more residential options.

Basoudan stressed that the latest real estate developments represent an important step toward addressing one of the market's most pressing challenges: achieving a sustainable balance between supply and demand, particularly amid the Kingdom's population growth and continued urban expansion.


Saudi Stocks Rebound 0.9%, Recouping Previous Session's Losses

An investor monitors stock market data on a screen at the Saudi Exchange (Tadawul) in Riyadh (Reuters)
An investor monitors stock market data on a screen at the Saudi Exchange (Tadawul) in Riyadh (Reuters)
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Saudi Stocks Rebound 0.9%, Recouping Previous Session's Losses

An investor monitors stock market data on a screen at the Saudi Exchange (Tadawul) in Riyadh (Reuters)
An investor monitors stock market data on a screen at the Saudi Exchange (Tadawul) in Riyadh (Reuters)

Saudi stocks closed higher on Monday, recovering some of the losses sustained in the previous session as heavyweight shares strengthened and the banking sector advanced.

The benchmark Tadawul All Share Index (TASI) rose 0.90% to close at 10,106 points, gaining 90 points. Total trading value reached approximately SAR 3.5 billion ($933 million).

The index had fallen 0.8% on Sunday amid selling pressure on heavyweight stocks.

Anaam International Holding Group, Fitaihi Holding Group and Raoom were among the session's top gainers, rising between 7% and 9% to close at SAR 11.93, SAR 2.11 and SAR 72.30, respectively.

On the losing side, Almunajem Foods led the declines, shedding 9.20% to SAR 49.94, followed by Saudi Paper Manufacturing Co., which fell 6.18% to SAR 48.88, and Alamar Foods, which dropped 4.63% to SAR 44.06.

At the sector level, banks led the gains, advancing 1.60%, supported by a 2.06% rise in Bank AlJazira shares, which closed at SAR 10.89.


Tesla to Refund Many Cybertruck Deposits as Demand Exceeds Production, Musk Says

Tesla Cybertruck electric vehicles sit parked in a storage lot in San Diego, California on April 11, 2025. (AFP)
Tesla Cybertruck electric vehicles sit parked in a storage lot in San Diego, California on April 11, 2025. (AFP)
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Tesla to Refund Many Cybertruck Deposits as Demand Exceeds Production, Musk Says

Tesla Cybertruck electric vehicles sit parked in a storage lot in San Diego, California on April 11, 2025. (AFP)
Tesla Cybertruck electric vehicles sit parked in a storage lot in San Diego, California on April 11, 2025. (AFP)

Tesla will have to refund Cybertruck deposits for many customers as orders far exceed production capacity, CEO Elon Musk said, following last week's announcement that the electric vehicle maker is winding down the pickup truck's production at its Texas factory.

"We will try ‌to make ‌as many as ‌possible ⁠before shutting down the ⁠line in about 8 months, but will have to return deposits for a lot of people," the billionaire said in a post on X on Monday.

The comments ⁠come after Musk said ‌Tesla would ‌add an extra production shift to fulfill outstanding ‌Cybertruck orders before dismantling the production ‌line next year to expand output of its Cybercab robotaxi.

The production winddown is slated for mid-2027, Musk announced on ‌Friday, with the resources being redirected to the Cybercab, a vehicle ⁠central ⁠to the automaker's autonomous-driving ambitions.

Tesla began delivering the Cybertruck in late 2023, but demand has fallen far short of Musk's expectations. US sales fell 48% to 20,237 units last year, according to Kelley Blue Book, well below Musk's earlier projection that annual Cybertruck sales could reach 250,000 vehicles.