UNESCO Honors Father of Modern Oceanography

Walter Munk
Walter Munk
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UNESCO Honors Father of Modern Oceanography

Walter Munk
Walter Munk

Walter Munk, a giant of modern oceanography, will deliver the Roger Revelle Memorial Lecture during the Executive Council of UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) at UNESCO’s Headquarters in the French capital, Paris, on 5 July (4.45 pm).

In his lecture, the 100-year-old scientist, described by the New York Times newspaper as “the Einstein of Oceanography,” will share his unique perspective on the evolution of oceanography over the past eight decades.

“It is an honor for UNESCO to receive Professor Munk and benefit from his insights into the great progress of oceanography and how much further it can go in contributing to the safeguarding of our shared ocean and the construction of a more sustainable world,” said Audrey Azoulay, the Director-General of UNESCO. The IOC Executive Council will present Walter Munk with the UNESCO Roger Revelle Medal, which, like the memorial lecture itself, is named after Roger Revelle (USA, 1909—1991), a pioneering researcher into, among other subjects, anthropogenic global warming.

Born in Austria in 1917, Walter Munk, has been a physical oceanographer and geophysicist with the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (USA) since 1939. Over a long life of scientific inquiry, Munk has made decisive contributions to our understanding of ocean currents, tides and deep-ocean mixing, tsunamis and seismic waves, as well as the rotation of the Earth.

At Scripps, he was among the founders of the Institute of Geophysics in 1962 and in 2015 he co-founded the Scripps Center for Marine Archaeology with Damien Leloup.

Each year, the IOC's Executive Council reviews the Intergovernmental Commission’s work and prepares the General Assembly of the IOC’s 149 Member States. This year, the Council will notably focus on preparations for the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030).



Russia Pledges Further Oil Supplies to Cuba After Dispatching Crude Cargo

Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov walks for a meeting with China’s President Xi Jinping at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China April 15, 2026. (EPA/Iori Sagisawa / Pool)
Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov walks for a meeting with China’s President Xi Jinping at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China April 15, 2026. (EPA/Iori Sagisawa / Pool)
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Russia Pledges Further Oil Supplies to Cuba After Dispatching Crude Cargo

Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov walks for a meeting with China’s President Xi Jinping at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China April 15, 2026. (EPA/Iori Sagisawa / Pool)
Russia’s Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov walks for a meeting with China’s President Xi Jinping at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China April 15, 2026. (EPA/Iori Sagisawa / Pool)

Russia will continue helping fuel-hungry Cuba with crucial supplies of oil, Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said on Wednesday, two weeks after Moscow sent a tanker with around 700,000 barrels of crude to the Caribbean island.

Washington stopped oil exports to Cuba ‌from its ‌main ally Venezuela after capturing Venezuelan ‌President ⁠Nicolas Maduro on January 3, ⁠triggering acute fuel shortages across the communist-ruled island of almost 11 million people.

President Donald Trump has threatened punishing tariffs on countries sending crude to Cuba as he seeks to put pressure on the government. The US later allowed the Russian oil delivery to ⁠Cuba, this year's first by Moscow, ‌for humanitarian reasons.

Another major ‌supplier, Mexico, halted its shipments.

Lavrov, on a visit to ‌China, said Russia will provide humanitarian aid to Cuba, ‌its long-standing ally.

"We have dispatched the first tanker with 100,000 tons (700,000 barrels) of oil for Cuba. Of course, this will probably last for a couple of months - ‌I'm not a specialist," he told a briefing at the end of the ⁠two-day visit.

"But ⁠I have no doubt that we will continue providing such assistance, and that (China) will, of course, continue to take part in this cooperation as well," added Lavrov, without referring to the issue of US permission or not for future deliveries.

Cuba produces less than a third of the oil it requires. Though it cleared the recent Russian delivery, the Trump administration said it would review further oil shipments to Cuba on a "case-by-case" basis.

Lavrov said he hoped the US will not return to times of "colonial wars."


Female Iranian Student Arrives in Iran After Release in France

Iranian national Mahdieh Esfandiari arrives for her trial on charges of promoting terrorism on social media at a Paris courthouse on January 13, 2026. (AFP)
Iranian national Mahdieh Esfandiari arrives for her trial on charges of promoting terrorism on social media at a Paris courthouse on January 13, 2026. (AFP)
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Female Iranian Student Arrives in Iran After Release in France

Iranian national Mahdieh Esfandiari arrives for her trial on charges of promoting terrorism on social media at a Paris courthouse on January 13, 2026. (AFP)
Iranian national Mahdieh Esfandiari arrives for her trial on charges of promoting terrorism on social media at a Paris courthouse on January 13, 2026. (AFP)

Iranian student Mahdieh Esfandiari arrived in Iran after being released in France, Iranian state TV reported on Wednesday, after ‌two French ‌nationals facing security ‌charges ⁠were allowed to ⁠leave Iran following three-and-a-half years in detention.

Esfandiari, who was convicted at the end ⁠of February for glorifying ‌terrorism ‌in anti-Israel social ‌media posts, was released ‌after serving almost a year in prison.

"I think it's ‌clear for everyone that there is ⁠no ⁠freedom of speech, at least not in France where I was. The court's ruling was very unjust," Esfandiari told state television.


Israeli Rights Group Files ICC Case Against Spanish PM

Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez gestures as he speaks during a press conference in Madrid. (AFP)
Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez gestures as he speaks during a press conference in Madrid. (AFP)
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Israeli Rights Group Files ICC Case Against Spanish PM

Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez gestures as he speaks during a press conference in Madrid. (AFP)
Spain's Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez gestures as he speaks during a press conference in Madrid. (AFP)

An Israeli rights group said Tuesday that it had asked the International Criminal Court to consider legal action against Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez for allegedly “aiding war crimes” through exports to Iran.

Filed by the Shurat HaDin non-governmental organization, which has taken legal action worldwide against what it calls “Israel’s enemies,” the lawsuit accuses Spain of providing “components required by the regime in Tehran and its proxies for military purposes.”

In a filing submitted under Article 15 of the Rome Statute, it alleges that Spain approved the export of about 1.3 million euros’ worth of so-called dual-use products that could be used in detonators and other explosive-related applications.

“These materials are not innocent industrial products, but critical components that enable explosive devices to function, and they were transferred in circumstances where their use for attacks against civilians was foreseeable and reasonable,” Shurat HaDin said in a statement.

The complaint comes in the midst of an escalating diplomatic spat between the two nations, which began with the start of the Gaza war in October 2023 and worsened after Madrid recognized a Palestinian state a year later.

Spain’s Socialist leader has also opposed the US-Israeli war with Iran, drawing a sharp Israeli reaction.

Last week, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu barred Madrid from joining the work of a US-led center to stabilize post-war Gaza, accusing Spain of waging a diplomatic campaign against Israel.