The Iran-backed Houthi militias in Yemen have been since their coup against legitimate authorities employing the drug trade to finance their war effort.
Various drugs have spread across regions under Houthi control. Residents in Houthi-held Sanaa told Asharq Al-Awsat that narcotics are everywhere and are even sold on the streets, some markets and Houthi-owned grocery stores.
They complained that the militias have transformed their areas into open markets for the drug trade, while placing some blame on the state authority over its poor means in cracking down on smugglers.
Local reports said that the trade witnessed a major revival after the Houthi coup, which was coupled with a consequent rise in abusers. This trade has also become a main source of vast wealth for the Houthi militias.
Legitimate security authorities have succeeded in arresting hundreds of smugglers and confiscated massive amounts of contraband material.
A report from the legitimate Interior Ministry revealed that Maarib witnessed the greatest number of drug busts, followed by al-Jawf region, Hajjah and al-Bayda. In the past three years, security agencies seized more than 27 tons of cannabis and other drugs from Maarib alone. The latest bust took place in June when they confiscated a 99-kilogram shipment that was headed to Sanaa.
The figures in the report are only a fraction of the successes achieved by the legitimacy. The report also spoke of the close cooperation between the Houthis and drug gangs that are affiliated with Iran and the its proxy, the Lebanese Hezbollah party.
The Houthi drug trade dates back to even before the coup. In the early 1990s, the militias had used a barren desert region between the Harad and Midi border region with Saudi Arabia to unload smuggled weapons and drugs for trade inside and outside Yemen, observers told Asharq Al-Awsat.
Security sources revealed that Saada was the most active province in Yemen in international drug smuggling networks. They added that many prominent international smugglers originally hail from Saada.
The Houthis use drugs as one of the effective ways to lure children into their ranks. International reports revealed how the militants abduct children and force them to take drugs. Once they become addicted, they become easy to control by the Houthis and are forced to the battlefronts.
Abou Mohammed recounted to Asharq Al-Awsat how the Houthis kidnapped his 15-year-old son and forced him to become addicted to drugs.
“My son has changed. He is in a constant daze, as if he has been stripped of his mind and will, due to those drugs,” he lamented.
Economic experts estimate that the Houthis reap in about 1 billion dollars a year from the drug trade, which is one of the main sources for funding its war effort.
An American Tradition: Defeated Candidates Attending the President-Elect’s Inaugurationhttps://english.aawsat.com/features/5101063-american-tradition-defeated-candidates-attending-president-elect%E2%80%99s-inauguration
Vice President Kamala Harris talks to reporters after overseeing the ceremonial certification of her defeat to incoming President-elect Donald Trump, at the US Capitol in Washington, Jan. 6, 2025. (AP)
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An American Tradition: Defeated Candidates Attending the President-Elect’s Inauguration
Vice President Kamala Harris talks to reporters after overseeing the ceremonial certification of her defeat to incoming President-elect Donald Trump, at the US Capitol in Washington, Jan. 6, 2025. (AP)
In January 1981, Jimmy Carter nodded politely toward Ronald Reagan as the new Republican president thanked the Democrat for his administration's help after Reagan resoundingly defeated Carter the previous November.
Twenty years earlier, after a much closer race, Republican Richard Nixon clasped John F. Kennedy's hand and offered the new Democratic president a word of encouragement.
The US has a long tradition of defeated presidential candidates sharing the inauguration stage with the people who defeated them, projecting to the world the orderly transfer of power. It's a practice that Vice President Kamala Harris will resume on Jan. 20 after an eight-year hiatus.
Only once in the television era — with its magnifying effect on a losing candidate's expression — has a defeated candidate skipped the exercise. That candidate, former President Donald Trump, left for Florida after a failed effort to overturn his loss based on false or unfounded theories of voter fraud.
With Harris watching, Trump is scheduled to stand on the Capitol's west steps and be sworn in for a second term.
Below are examples of episodes that have featured a losing candidate in a rite that Reagan called "nothing short of a miracle."
2001: Al Gore and George W. Bush Democrat Al Gore conceded to Republican George W. Bush after 36 days of legal battling over Florida's ballots ended with a divided Supreme Court ruling to end the recount.
But Gore, the sitting vice president, would join Bush on the west steps of the Capitol a month later as the Texas governor was sworn in. After Bush took the oath, he and Gore shook hands, spoke briefly and smiled before Gore returned to his seat clapping along to the presidential anthem, "Hail to the Chief."
A disappointed Gore accepted the outcome and his role in demonstrating continuity of governance, former Gore campaign spokeswoman Kiki McLean said.
"He may have wished, ‘I wish that was me standing there,’" McLean said. "But I don't think Gore for one minute ever doubted he should be there in his capacity as vice president."
Hillary Clinton smiles wide as she and former President Jimmy Carter, from left, former first lady Rosalynn Carter, former President Bill Clinton, former President George W. Bush, and former first lady Laura Bush wait for the start of the inauguration ceremony to swear President-elect Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States, at the Capitol in Washington, Jan. 20, 2017. (AP)
2017: Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump Democrat Hillary Clinton was candid about her disappointment in losing to Trump in 2016, when — like Gore against Bush — she received more votes but failed to win an Electoral College majority. "Obviously, I was crushed," she told Howard Stern on his radio show in 2019.
Calling Inauguration Day "one of the hardest days of my life," Clinton said she planned to attend Trump's swearing-in out of a sense of duty, having been first lady during her husband's presidency from 1993 to 2001. "You put on the best face possible," Clinton said on Stern's show.
2021: Mike Pence (with Trump absent) and Joe Biden Trump four years ago claimed without evidence that his loss to President Joe Biden was marred by widespread fraud. Two weeks earlier, Trump supporters had stormed the Capitol in a violent siege aimed at halting the electoral vote certification.
Instead, then-Vice President Mike Pence was the face of the outgoing administration.
"Sure, it was awkward," Pence's former chief of staff Marc Short said.
Still, Pence and his wife met privately with Biden and his wife to congratulate them in the Capitol before the ceremony, and escorted newly sworn-in Vice President Kamala Harris and her husband out of the Capitol afterward, as tradition had prescribed, Short said.
"There was an appreciation expressed for him by members of both chambers in both parties," he said.
1993: George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton Bush stood on the Capitol's west steps three times for his swearing-in — as vice president twice and in 1989 to be inaugurated as president. He would attend again in 1993 in defeat.
He joined Bill Clinton, the Democrat who beat him, on the traditional walk out onto the east steps. Bush would return triumphantly to the inaugural ceremony eight years later as the father of Clinton's successor, George W. Bush.
1961: Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy Nixon had just lost the 1960 election by fewer than 120,000 votes in what was the closest presidential contest in 44 years. But the departing vice president approached Kennedy with a wide grin, a handshake and an audible "good luck" just seconds after the winning Democrat's swearing-in.
Nixon would have to wait eight years to be sworn in as president, while his losing Democratic opponent — outgoing Vice President Hubert Humphrey — looked on. He was inaugurated a second time after winning reelection in 1972, only to resign after the Watergate scandal.
President-elect Ronald Reagan applauds as outgoing President Jimmy Carter waves to the crowd at Reagan's inaugural ceremony, in Washington, Jan. 20, 1981. (AP Photo, File)
1933: Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt Like Bush, Hoover would attend just one inauguration as a new president before losing to a Democrat four years later. But Democrat Franklin Roosevelt's 1933 swearing-in would not be Hoover's last. Hoover would live for another 31 years, see four more presidents sworn in, and sit in places of honor at the two inaugurations of Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower.
1897: Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison Cleveland, the sitting Democratic president, lost reelection in 1888 while winning more popular votes than former Indiana Sen. Benjamin Harrison. But Cleveland still managed to hold Harrison’s umbrella while the Republican was sworn in during a rainy 1889 inauguration.
Elected to a second, non-consecutive term in 1892, Cleveland, however, would stand solemnly behind William McKinley four years later at the Republican's 1897 inauguration, leaving the presidency that day after losing the 1896 nomination of his own party.
Cleveland was the only president to win two non-consecutive terms until Trump's victory in November.
