Palestinian Refugee Recounts to Asharq Al-Awsat Desperate Attempts to Leave Lebanon

Children play at a Palestinian refugee camp in Beirut, Lebanon on 1 September 2018
Children play at a Palestinian refugee camp in Beirut, Lebanon on 1 September 2018
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Palestinian Refugee Recounts to Asharq Al-Awsat Desperate Attempts to Leave Lebanon

Children play at a Palestinian refugee camp in Beirut, Lebanon on 1 September 2018
Children play at a Palestinian refugee camp in Beirut, Lebanon on 1 September 2018

A Palestinian refugee recalled his arduous ordeals to leave Lebanon to a country that “respects human rights.”

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, the refugee, 22, displayed his tattoo-covered arm, which tells the story of his fruitless attempts to quit a country that has plunged him in despair.

The refugee, who went by the name of “Adam”, explained that difficult conditions in Lebanon forced him to turn to human traffickers.

“I have become an expert in these brokers. I know more than a hundred,” he said, playing the voice recording of one who asked for 1,200 dollars in return for a plane ticket and authorization from the Turkish embassy.

Adam’s first attempt to leave Lebanese started in late 2016.

At the time, a broker said he could secure him a visa to Sudan and later Libya for 2,500 dollars. The refugee only had 2,000 to his name and resorted to borrowing 1,500. He gave the broker a 200-dollar down payment, but no sooner had he done so that the trafficker disappeared.

His second attempt took him to Libya with the hope of eventually reaching Turkey and then Greece. In order to leave Lebanon, he had to head to the northern city of Tripoli to take a voyage on the “boats of death” that were headed to Europe. He paid 2,000 dollars for the risky trip, but intelligence forces arrested him and 45 other Palestinians, several Tripolites and ten youths from Bangladesh before they could leave.

They later discovered that one of the would-be travelers was in fact an informant. They were released a day after being interrogated by authorities. An influential figure in the Ain al-Hilweh Palestinian refugee camp in southern Lebanon had intervened to ensure their release and the case was closed.

Adam revealed that he intensified his efforts to leave following the first two failed attempts. He recalled how he considered working with one broker, “known as the chief of traffickers with his own security entourage and who is given a warm welcome at the airport.”

“I never saw him in person, but only spoke to him by phone. He demands 11,000 dollars for his services,” he added. He revealed that he was an expert at trafficking youths under the age of 18 whereby he disguises them as a sports team or part of an orchestra to escape suspicions at the airport.

“I then worked with a Libyan broker and another Lebanese one,” continued Adam. One of them was part of former Libyan leader Moammar al-Gaddafi’s security entourage. He asked 6,000 dollars in return for taking him to Sweden.

“I paid him 4,500 dollars in advance and was set to pay the rest when I arrived in Sweden,” he told Asharq Al-Awsat. He stalled for three months and then suggested that he take me to Ethiopia and from there, Sweden.

He arrived in the African country through a counterfeit travel document. “At Addis Ababa airport, I was received by an officer who took the document and 2,000 dollars and then disappeared,” said Adam.

“I spent six nights at the airport. The broker managed to secure the return of my travel document, along with a threat and order to keep silent and travel to Ghana,” he said.

At Accra airport, he was received by another broker, this time from Sudan, and a Ghanaian officer, who asked for 1,000 dollars. Adam was taken to a tiny hotel room near the Swedish embassy. He spent 25 days there as the Lebanese and Sudanese brokers suggested that it was easier for him to travel to Ecuador through Madrid.

“I was barred from boarding the plane because I did not have a visa. I was forced to go back to the hotel. I was broke and in despair. Were it not for some friends who transferred a few dollars, I would have starved,” Adam said.

The final hope was departing to Istanbul and later take a connection flight to Spain to reach Ecuador.

He arrived safely in Istanbul, but was stopped from boarding the Spain flight because he did not have the travel document dedicated to Palestinian refugees.

“The plane left without me. I stayed at the airport. I could not enter Turkey and was barred from traveling anywhere else,” stated Adam. “At the airport, I discovered that I was not alone. I met Palestinians, Syrians, Afghanis and others. Some had been staying at the airport prayer room for seven months.”

After three days and enough pressure on a Lebanese broker, Adam was promised a flight to Sudan. From there, he would cross into Libya through its unforgiving desert. Indeed, he arrived in Khartoum with 15 dollars in his pocket. He was met by a Syrian, but abandoned by the broker.

“I remained in Khartoum for 40 days and exhausted my options to borrow money from my friends. I tried to find a job, but to no avail,” he added. He cited the low salaries of no more than 50 dollars per month. He met other people suffering from the same plight and “we ended up sharing our misery, bread and strength.”

Eventually, Adam managed to return to Lebanon where he sought to find the broker who had taken the 4,500 dollars from him, but there was no trace of him.

“I returned to Sidon and imprisoned myself in my room for months as I wallowed in my depression,” he said.

“I am still looking for a way to escape to a country that respects human rights.”



Hezbollah’s ‘Statelet’ in Syria’s Qusayr Under Israeli Fire

Smoke billows from al-Qusayr in western Syria following an attack. (SANA)
Smoke billows from al-Qusayr in western Syria following an attack. (SANA)
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Hezbollah’s ‘Statelet’ in Syria’s Qusayr Under Israeli Fire

Smoke billows from al-Qusayr in western Syria following an attack. (SANA)
Smoke billows from al-Qusayr in western Syria following an attack. (SANA)

Israel has expanded its strikes against Hezbollah in Syria by targeting the al-Qusayr region in Homs.

Israel intensified its campaign against Hezbollah in Lebanon in September and has in the process struck legal and illegal borders between Lebanon and Syria that are used to smuggle weapons to the Iran-backed party. Now, it has expanded its operations to areas of Hezbollah influence inside Syria itself.

Qusayr is located around 20 kms from the Lebanese border. Israeli strikes have destroyed several bridges in the area, including one stretching over the Assi River that is a vital connection between Qusayr and several towns in Homs’ eastern and western countrysides.

Israel has also hit main and side roads and Syrian regime checkpoints in the area.

The Israeli army announced that the latest attacks targeted roads that connect the Syrian side of the border to Lebanon and that are used to smuggle weapons to Hezbollah.

Qusayr is strategic position for Hezbollah. The Iran-backed party joined the fight alongside the Syrian regime against opposition factions in the early years of the Syrian conflict, which began in 2011. Hezbollah confirmed its involvement in Syria in 2013.

Hezbollah waged its earliest battles in Syria against the “Free Syrian Army” in Qusayr. After two months of fighting, the party captured the region in mid-June 2013. By then, it was completely destroyed and its population fled to Lebanon.

A source from the Syrian opposition said Hezbollah has turned Qusayr and its countryside to its own “statelet”.

It is now the backbone of its military power and the party has the final say in the area even though regime forces are deployed there, it told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“Qusayr is critical for Hezbollah because of its close proximity to the Lebanese border,” it added.

Several of Qusayr’s residents have since returned to their homes. But the source clarified that only regime loyalists and people whom Hezbollah “approves” of have returned.

The region has become militarized by Hezbollah. It houses training centers for the party and Shiite militias loyal to Iran whose fighters are trained by Hezbollah, continued the source.

Since Israel intensified its attacks against Hezbollah in Lebanon, the party moved the majority of its fighters to Qusayr, where the party also stores large amounts of its weapons, it went on to say.

In 2016, Shiite Hezbollah staged a large military parade at the al-Dabaa airport in Qusayr that was seen as a message to the displaced residents, who are predominantly Sunni, that their return home will be impossible, stressed the source.

Even though the regime has deployed its forces in Qusayr, Hezbollah ultimately holds the greatest sway in the area.

Qusayr is therefore of paramount importance to Hezbollah, which will be in no way willing to cede control of.

Lebanese military expert Brig. Gen Saeed Al-Qazah told Asharq Al-Awsat that Qusayr is a “fundamental logistic position for Hezbollah.”

He explained that it is where the party builds its rockets and drones that are delivered from Iran. It is also where the party builds the launchpads for firing its Katyusha and grad rockets.

Qazah added that Qusayr is also significant for its proximity to Lebanon’s al-Hermel city and northeastern Bekaa region where Hezbollah enjoys popular support and where its arms deliveries pass through on their way to the South.

Qazah noted that Israel has not limited its strikes in Qusayr to bridges and main and side roads, but it has also hit trucks headed to Lebanon, stressing that Israel has its eyes focused deep inside Syria, not just the border.