Lebanon’s Economy Between Scenarios of Argentina, Venezuela

A worker cleans receipts from an ATM machine outside a closed Blom bank branch in the southern city of Sidon, Lebanon November 12, 2019. REUTERS/Ali Hashisho
A worker cleans receipts from an ATM machine outside a closed Blom bank branch in the southern city of Sidon, Lebanon November 12, 2019. REUTERS/Ali Hashisho
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Lebanon’s Economy Between Scenarios of Argentina, Venezuela

A worker cleans receipts from an ATM machine outside a closed Blom bank branch in the southern city of Sidon, Lebanon November 12, 2019. REUTERS/Ali Hashisho
A worker cleans receipts from an ATM machine outside a closed Blom bank branch in the southern city of Sidon, Lebanon November 12, 2019. REUTERS/Ali Hashisho

The complex Lebanese crisis opened the door for comparison with previous crises that took place in other countries, in search of common points for which international entities found effective solutions, with the hope of facilitating the process of soliciting rescue programs.

Bank of America’s Merrill Lynch prepared a study last year about the debt restructuring imposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and its impact on the banking sector.

The study considered that Lebanon was close to countries such as Mozambique, Cyprus, and Barbados, which are debt-ridden states and have a high percentage of public finance deficits relative to GDP.

Many experts, however, consider that Lebanon may be closer to Argentina, while others describe it as “another Greece”.

In this context, Dr. Pierre Khoury, economist, says: “There is a fundamental error when comparing Lebanon’s experience with Argentina, as the latter has entered into structural adjustment programs with the IMF, which are programs that are based on an essential change in the economic and social structure, redistribution of income and factors of production.”

According to Khoury, Argentina has made an explicit political decision to follow the policy of the IMF, based on political harmony and leadership, which has not seen sharp differences over the cooperation with the Fund.

“In the past two years, the IMF secured massive financing for Argentina in two phases, the first reaching USD 50 billion, and then an additional USD 7 billion was added to it,” he explained.

“In Lebanon, there is no unified view of how to get out of the economic crisis,” Khoury said.

“Politically, there is a major rift between political parties on cooperation with the IMF through a specific program.”

Khoury noted that the IMF only “gives money based on agreement on a reform program that restructures the economy towards further liberalizing the sector and opening it to the outside, and creating an economic environment that encourages the flow of capital, by signing a clear-cut agreement, which includes executive steps linked to specific timetables.”

Based on these points, Khoury believes that Lebanon is more inclined in its crisis towards the Venezuelan model – the oil-rich country. This advantage is still only a probability in Lebanon, at the present time.

Khoury added that the economic, political and financial blockade led to the collapse of the internal economy of Venezuela, and the disruption of the international payment system, in addition to the crisis mismanagement of President Nicolas Maduro’s government.

He noted that Lebanon had common points with Venezuela, whether the set of mistakes in the public administration of the state, the lack of a long-term view, the dangers of geopolitical conflicts and their potential impact on the economic activity and the lack of international flows, as well as corruption.

“Lebanon is witnessing a sharp division in politics, especially with regards to the IMF assistance... All these matters make Lebanon close to the Venezuelan model,” Khoury underlined.



Saudi Arabia Plans to Establish Specialized Courts to Boost Investment Climate

King Abdullah Financial Center in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
King Abdullah Financial Center in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Saudi Arabia Plans to Establish Specialized Courts to Boost Investment Climate

King Abdullah Financial Center in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)
King Abdullah Financial Center in Riyadh (Asharq Al-Awsat)

Saudi Arabia is exploring the establishment of specialized courts to enhance its investment environment, aligning with the goals of the National Investment Strategy and Vision 2030. This initiative aims to support development and improvement efforts tailored to the needs and aspirations of investors.
The Kingdom has undergone an unprecedented transformation, implementing over 800 reforms to date. These include the Civil Transactions Law, the Bankruptcy Law, the Public-Private Partnership Program, and the Government Tenders and Procurement Law, which have collectively positioned Saudi Arabia as the 16th most competitive nation globally, according to the IMD World Competitiveness Index.
According to information available to Asharq Al-Awsat, the Ministry of Investment is currently consulting public and private entities to assess the necessity of specialized investment courts. This initiative focuses on improving investors’ interactions with the Kingdom’s judicial system amidst rapid legislative advancements, with the aim of bolstering Saudi Arabia’s status as a leading regional and global investment destination.
To ensure effective planning, the Ministry is working closely with key government agencies operating in strategic sectors. It has requested detailed input from relevant bodies, involving decision-makers to contribute to the project.
In August 2024, Saudi Arabia announced an updated investment law set to take effect in early 2025. This framework is designed to attract global investments, enhance the competitiveness of the local investment climate, support economic diversification, and create job opportunities, all in alignment with Vision 2030 and the National Investment Strategy.
The updated law is a cornerstone of the National Investment Strategy launched by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. It aims to drive development, diversify the economy, and attract more than $100 billion annually in foreign direct investment by 2030.
The law enhances investor rights by ensuring fair treatment, protecting intellectual property, and allowing freedom in investment management and seamless capital transfers. It also provides transparency and clarity in processes, aligning with global best practices to foster a trustworthy investment environment. Simplified procedures now replace the previous licensing system, offering greater protection, flexibility, and confidence to investors conducting business in the Kingdom.
Saudi Minister of Investment Khalid Al-Falih emphasized that the updated law is part of broader reforms demonstrating the Kingdom’s commitment to creating a supportive and secure environment for both local and foreign investors. These efforts include adopting global best practices and revising the Foreign Investment Law, which was introduced 25 years ago, to develop a comprehensive investment framework that serves both Saudi and foreign investors.