New Israeli TV Series Tackles Shadow War With Iran

In this Sunday, June 21, 2020 photo actress Esti Yerushalmi, a cast member in "Tehran" speaks in Tel Aviv, Israel. (AP Photo/Ariel Schalit)
In this Sunday, June 21, 2020 photo actress Esti Yerushalmi, a cast member in "Tehran" speaks in Tel Aviv, Israel. (AP Photo/Ariel Schalit)
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New Israeli TV Series Tackles Shadow War With Iran

In this Sunday, June 21, 2020 photo actress Esti Yerushalmi, a cast member in "Tehran" speaks in Tel Aviv, Israel. (AP Photo/Ariel Schalit)
In this Sunday, June 21, 2020 photo actress Esti Yerushalmi, a cast member in "Tehran" speaks in Tel Aviv, Israel. (AP Photo/Ariel Schalit)

Israel´s latest hit TV series takes the viewers straight into the heart of the country´s archenemy Iran.

"Tehran" tells the story of Tamar Rabinyan, a young Mossad operative tasked with hacking into and disabling an Iranian nuclear reactor so the Israeli military can carry out an airstrike. But when the mission goes wrong, the agent goes rogue, falls in love with a local pro-democracy activist, and rediscovers her Iranian roots in the city of her birth.

It´s a story arc that touches on many of the region´s most pressing fault lines. It´s also the latest episode in the golden age of Israeli television.

After numerous Israeli shows inspired American spin-offs such as "Homeland," "Hostages" and "In Treatment," Netflix went a step further by running " Fauda," the groundbreaking action series on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, in its original Hebrew-Arabic form with subtitles.

"Tehran" marks the next stage, with Apple TV+ purchasing the rights to the eight-part series and signing on to co-produce its international streaming. The espionage thriller, with dialogue in Hebrew, English, and Farsi, premiered on June 22 in Israel. It's looking to take a page out of the "Fauda" success story, mixing fast-pace action scenes with topical political intrigues and personal backstories that touch on the chaotic nature of the region.

"Although it´s a very entertaining show and it has a lot of action, there are a lot of layers," said Dana Eden, one of the show´s creators. "We just thought it´s very interesting to try to get into Tehran, into Iran, which is a place we really don´t know and really want to know more about."

Israel considers Iran to be its most dangerous foe, citing its calls for Israel's destruction, its development of sophisticated missiles and support for anti-Israel militias in Lebanon and the Gaza Strip. Israeli leaders believe Iran is trying to develop a nuclear-weapons capability, and have frequently hinted at the possibility of a military strike against Iran´s nuclear facilities should international sanctions fail to halt the suspect Iranian atomic program. Israeli Mossad agents are believed to have acted behind enemy lines in stealing documents from a secret Iranian nuclear archive.

But before Iran´s 1979 Islamic Revolution, the countries were close allies and Iran was home to a large and thriving Jewish community. Some 250,000 Israelis are of Iranian descent and have stayed close to the music, culture, and food of their roots.

"My character reminds me of my mother, my aunt, my grandmother," said actress Esti Yerushalmi, who plays the role of Rabinyan´s Iranian aunt Arezoo. "I took all of them and put it in my character. It is an Iranian woman that is also a Jew."

Yerushalmi and her family fled Iran after the revolution when she was 13, and she said that acting in her mother tongue of Farsi was an emotional experience.

"It was hard because it took me back to my memories from Iran," she said. "It was very moving for me and also very painful. I miss Iran. I miss all the beauty, all the people. It is a great country, but now I think they´re suffering."

The show, co-written by Fauda's writer Moshe Zonder, features Israeli actress Niv Sultan in the lead and Homeland´s Navid Negahban and Iron Man actor Shaun Toub in supporting roles. It was shot in Athens to replicate the Iranian capital.

The television series has yet to be mentioned by Iranian officials, though Kayhan International, a publication affiliated with the hard-line newspaper of the same name, described the show as an "anti-Iranian production." The paper, Kayhan, also acknowledged the show, saying in April that it reveals the "pro-West and promiscuous" nature of activists targeting Iran.

In similar fashion to Fauda, creators said they aimed to present a nuanced narrative to a deep-seated conflict that would resonate with all sides.

"We don´t have bad guys and good guys in this show. It's more complicated and I´m sure that Iranians who will watch the show will enjoy it very much," said Eden, who also co-produced the series. "I´m sure it´s going to be a hit in Iran."



How the Invasive Water Hyacinth Is Threatening Fishermen’s Livelihoods on a Popular Kenyan Lake

 A heron searches for food next to abandoned fishing boats trapped in hyacinth at Central Beach in Lake Naivasha in Nakuru county, Kenya's Rift Valley, Friday, Dec. 13, 2024. (AP)
A heron searches for food next to abandoned fishing boats trapped in hyacinth at Central Beach in Lake Naivasha in Nakuru county, Kenya's Rift Valley, Friday, Dec. 13, 2024. (AP)
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How the Invasive Water Hyacinth Is Threatening Fishermen’s Livelihoods on a Popular Kenyan Lake

 A heron searches for food next to abandoned fishing boats trapped in hyacinth at Central Beach in Lake Naivasha in Nakuru county, Kenya's Rift Valley, Friday, Dec. 13, 2024. (AP)
A heron searches for food next to abandoned fishing boats trapped in hyacinth at Central Beach in Lake Naivasha in Nakuru county, Kenya's Rift Valley, Friday, Dec. 13, 2024. (AP)

For someone who fishes for a living, nothing says a bad day like spending over 18 hours on a lake and taking home nothing.

Recently, a group of fishermen were said to be stranded on Kenya's popular Lake Naivasha for that long and blamed the water hyacinth that has taken over large parts of it.

“They did not realize that the hyacinth would later entrap them,” said fellow fisherman Simon Macharia. The men even lost their nets, he said.

The water hyacinth is native to South America and was reportedly introduced to Kenya in the 1980s “by tourists who brought it as an ornamental plant,” said Gordon Ocholla, an environmental scientist at Mount Kenya University.

Water hyacinth was first sighted on Lake Naivasha about 10 years ago. Now it has become a large, glossy mat that can cover swathes of the lake. To fishermen, the invasive plant is a threat to livelihoods.

Usually, the presence of water hyacinth is linked to pollution. It is known to thrive in the presence of contaminants and grows quickly, and is considered the most invasive aquatic plant species in the world, Ocholla said. It can prevent the penetration of sunlight and impact airflow, affecting the quality of aquatic life.

This has caused a drastic drop in the population of fish in Lake Naivasha and some other affected areas.

The East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources estimated in a 2023 study that the invasion of water hyacinth in Kenyan lakes — including Africa's largest lake, Lake Victoria — has led to annual losses of between $150 million and $350 million in Kenya's fishing, transport and tourism sectors.

The fishermen at Lake Naivasha know that well.

“Previously we would catch up to 90 kilograms (198 pounds) of fish per day, but nowadays we get between 10 kilograms and 15 kilograms,” Macharia said.

This means daily earnings have dropped from $210 to $35.

Fishermen say they have tried to tackle the invasion of water hyacinth but with little success.

“It grows back faster than we can remove it,” Macharia said.

There are several ways to deal with the plant, including physically removing it, Ocholla said. Another method is introducing organisms that feed on it. Or chemicals can be sprayed to kill the plant, “but this is not favorable as it would harm other aquatic life.”

Several attempts have been made to convert the plant into a useful commodity.

“The government had built a biogas processor near the lake where we were supposed to take the hyacinth, but it has never been operational,” Macharia said. He did not know why.

Recently the fishermen, through a Kenyan start-up, began using a method that converts water hyacinth into biodegradable packaging.

HyaPak started in 2022 as a project at Egerton University in Kenya. It seeks to create environmentally friendly packaging.

“On one hand there is a problem of water hyacinth, and a problem of plastic waste pollution on the other. What we are trying to do is using one problem, the hyacinth, to solve the plastic waste pollution,” HyaPak founder Joseph Nguthiru said.

He said he created the project following a disastrous field excursion that left him and his classmates stuck on Lake Naivasha.

HyaPak has entered a partnership with the fishermen, who harvest the water hyacinth and sun-dry it for a negotiable fee. Then it is transported to the Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute in Nairobi, where HyaPak is located.

There, it is mixed with what Nguthiru called “proprietary additives” and converted into biodegradable paper material.

HyaPak is targeting the agriculture sector, creating biodegradable bags for seedlings. The bags decompose with time, releasing nutrients that Nguthiru said are beneficial to the plants.

HyaPak works with 50 fishermen at Lake Naivasha, including Macharia. The company said it processes up to 150 kilograms of water hyacinth per week, converting it to 4,500 biodegradable packages.

Experts said scaling up such work will be a challenge.

“Such solutions and others that have been applied by similar start-ups may be promising and actually work, but if they cannot be scaled to a higher level that matches the invasiveness of the water hyacinth, then the problem will still persist,” Ocholla said.