Escalation in Gaza to Pressure Israel to Cease Fire

Students return to schools in Gaza Strip after five months suspension period (EPA)
Students return to schools in Gaza Strip after five months suspension period (EPA)
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Escalation in Gaza to Pressure Israel to Cease Fire

Students return to schools in Gaza Strip after five months suspension period (EPA)
Students return to schools in Gaza Strip after five months suspension period (EPA)

The Israeli army announced on Sunday that a military force on its borders with Gaza Strip came under fire from the Strip, but no injuries were reported.

According to news by Israeli websites, shots were heard by workers during construction work on the separation barrier in the southern part of the Palestinian enclave.

“The works on the security fence were halted and smoke shells were deployed in the area,” the Israeli army said in a statement.

“As Israeli troops were dispatched to the scene, shots from the Strip were fired at them. No injuries were reported,” the statement added.

The Eshkol Regional Council stated that following the incident, the Israeli army also closed the routes leading to the border fence.

Israel responded by targeting Hamas monitoring checkpoints, east of Deir Al-Balah, in the Strip’s central region.

The occupation’s artillery located on the Strip’s borders fired shells at several observatories for the resistance, Palestinian sources said, confirming that no casualties were reported.

These developments come in light of a gradual escalation by Hamas and Palestinian factions to pressure Israel and oblige it to abide by the ceasefire agreement.

During the past few days, the factions launched a series of incendiary balloons after Hamas gave the green light to resume their launch following several months’ halt.

These balloons provoked Israel, which responded on Thursday night with raids on underground Hamas infrastructure in the northern Gaza Strip.

Hamas and the factions’ resumption of firing incendiary balloons indicates their dissatisfaction with the way the truce agreement is being implemented in the Strip.

In late 2019, Israel reached an agreement with Hamas and the Islamic Jihad, under Egypt’s auspices.

The agreement stipulates that Israel eases its blockade on Gaza, by allowing the expansion of land trade between Gaza and Israel, expanding the fishing zone in Gaza, expediting the construction of the gas pipeline to help solve the chronic power shortage in the Strip, introducing materials that were prohibited increasing the number of merchants and allowing workers to exit Gaza.

In return, Hamas would reduce and stop the weekly demonstrations at the border fence and work hard to prevent the firing of rockets by armed movements towards Israel.

If its first phase succeeds, the long-term agreement ensures building a port, airport, hospital and an industrial zone.

However, during the past few months, the relationship between Israel and Hamas was unstable, during which Israel introduced some facilitations into the Strip, froze them before reintroducing them, according to field developments.

The Islamic Jihad threatened Sunday that Israel “will bear the consequences of anything that happens to the residents or farmers in Gaza as a result of the escalation.”

“The random shootings by the army forces at the residents of the Gaza Strip continue to repeat themselves. This is a clear threat that endangers the residents’ lives.”



Mediators on Standby for Obstacles as Gaza Ceasefire Starts

 Palestinians transport belongings amidst building rubble in a ruined neighborhood of Gaza's southern city of Rafah on January 20, 2025, as residents return following a ceasefire deal a day earlier between Israel and the Palestinian Hamas group. (AFP)
Palestinians transport belongings amidst building rubble in a ruined neighborhood of Gaza's southern city of Rafah on January 20, 2025, as residents return following a ceasefire deal a day earlier between Israel and the Palestinian Hamas group. (AFP)
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Mediators on Standby for Obstacles as Gaza Ceasefire Starts

 Palestinians transport belongings amidst building rubble in a ruined neighborhood of Gaza's southern city of Rafah on January 20, 2025, as residents return following a ceasefire deal a day earlier between Israel and the Palestinian Hamas group. (AFP)
Palestinians transport belongings amidst building rubble in a ruined neighborhood of Gaza's southern city of Rafah on January 20, 2025, as residents return following a ceasefire deal a day earlier between Israel and the Palestinian Hamas group. (AFP)

Sunday's delayed start to the Gaza ceasefire and incidents on Monday in which Israeli troops shot at Palestinians approaching them underline some of the hiccups likely to face a deal that will play out in the shadow of mutual mistrust and bitterness.

Qatar and Egypt, which brokered the deal alongside the US, have set up a communications hub to tackle any problems, where officials who worked on the deal for months hope to head off new clashes between foes locked in a years-long cycle of Gaza wars.

"These kinds of deals are never easy to maintain," said Majed Al-Ansari, spokesperson for Qatar's foreign ministry.

Particularly in a war zone the situation can shift very quickly, either by accident or through political posturing on one side or another, he said.

"Any party could consider a threat a reason to violate the parameters of the agreement, and therefore we would end up with having to go in and to find a way to resume the ceasefire."

With just over an hour to go before the ceasefire was due to take effect on Sunday, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced that Israel would not observe the halt to fighting until Hamas handed over the names of the three hostages to be released later in the day.

Fighting continued almost three hours past the deadline, while a Hamas official in the coordination room set up in Cairo discussed the delay, which Hamas put down to unspecified "technical issues" with officials.

The issue was eventually dealt with and the three hostages were released on schedule in the afternoon in exchange for 90 Palestinian prisoners freed from Israeli jails late that night, setting off emotional scenes as they returned to their families.

"We don't expect things to go according to plan," said one official briefed on the negotiations, adding that issues of this kind were not expected to derail a process that diplomats and officials have been working on for months.

"It's hard to believe that after all the work the mediators have put in and the assurances they received, both from the US and the mediators, that this deal would derail on day one," the official said.

The multi-phase deal will see an initial six-week ceasefire, during which 33 hostages will be gradually exchanged for hundreds of Palestinian prisoners, people displaced from northern Gaza will be allowed to return to their homes and Israeli troops will pull back from some positions.

During the first phase, negotiations will begin for the release of the remaining 64 hostages, consisting of men of military age and for the full withdrawal of Israeli troops. But few expect the process to go without problems.

OBSTACLES AHEAD

With an extremely low level of trust between both sides who have fought each other for generations, potential pitfalls run from accidental or deliberate confrontations during the period of withdrawal to disputes over the identity and state of hostages to be released or returned.

So far, Hamas has not said how many of the hostages are still alive. A list of the remaining 30 hostages due for release in the first phase and whether they are alive or dead is expected to be handed over on Saturday.

The Israeli military says it is seeking to avoid situations in which Gaza residents come too close to Israeli troops that are pulling back. Already on Monday, troops fired on at least eight Palestinians who approached them, medics in Gaza said.

To prevent this, it will publish maps and guidelines as the agreement progresses, making clear which areas should not be approached as the withdrawal proceeds, an Israeli military official said.

"The areas will change as the troops gradually withdraw from the Gaza Strip," the military official said.

In Israel, the deal is viewed with deep suspicion by some, who say it leaves Hamas in control of Gaza and others who worry that it effectively abandons the hostages not included in the first phase.

Already, hardliner Itamar Ben-Gvir resigned as National security Minister on the morning of the ceasefire and pulled his party from Netanyahu's coalition and others may follow.

Israeli public radio reported that Israeli officials were shocked to see the three hostages released in the center of Gaza on Sunday getting out of a car in the middle of a large crowd of people held back by Hamas fighters in uniform, and will inform the mediators that they regard such scenes as unacceptable.

But mediators are counting on positive momentum as the release of hostages and prisoners continues over the coming weeks to ease opposition.

"The pictures we have seen yesterday of the three Israeli hostages meeting with their families, embraced by their families. These are the pictures that would change public opinion in Israeli politics," Ansari said. "The same goes also for the Palestinian populace, when they see 90 of their women and children coming back to their families."

"These are the kind of pictures that change public opinion. They apply real pressure on the leadership to maintain the deal."