Lebanon’s Parliamentary Blocs Unanimous on Swift Cabinet Formation

PM-designate Mustafa Adib kicked off unbinding parliamentary consultations. In this photo, he meets with former PM Tammam Salam (NNA)
PM-designate Mustafa Adib kicked off unbinding parliamentary consultations. In this photo, he meets with former PM Tammam Salam (NNA)
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Lebanon’s Parliamentary Blocs Unanimous on Swift Cabinet Formation

PM-designate Mustafa Adib kicked off unbinding parliamentary consultations. In this photo, he meets with former PM Tammam Salam (NNA)
PM-designate Mustafa Adib kicked off unbinding parliamentary consultations. In this photo, he meets with former PM Tammam Salam (NNA)

Unbinding parliamentary consultations led Wednesday by Lebanon’s Premier-designate, Mustafa Adib, resulted in deputies announcing their support for the swift formation of a new government and implementing the needed reforms to salvage the country from its severe economic crisis.

But head of the Free Patriotic Movement MP Gebran Bassil demanded a rotation in the ministries while the Lebanese Forces rejected to have representatives in the government.

"If everyone agrees on the rotation of ministerial portfolios, that will be good for Lebanon; however, what is mostly important is that rotation does not happen within the same circle," Bassil announced after his bloc met with Adib.

He said what was mostly required is the formation of a cabinet capable of carrying out reforms. "We have no demands or conditions; all we seek is success in implementing reforms. We accept everything that others agree on," Bassil added, hoping for the rotation.

It was unclear whether Bassil’s proposal included the four “sovereign” portfolios (defense, interior, finance and foreign ministries) divided among the country’s main confessions – Shiites, Sunnis, Maronite Christians and Greek Orthodox - or it would involve a rotation in the Finance Ministry, which Speaker Nabih Berri has been holding onto since 2013.

“In my opinion, a rotation of the Finance Ministry portfolio is not on the table yet,” member of Berri’s Development and Liberation bloc Ayoub Hmayyed told Asharq Al-Awsat.

On Wednesday, MP Anwar al-Khalil, speaking on behalf of the bloc, pushed for a swift formation of a harmonious government of competent figures.

The new cabinet’s top mission would be to restore Lebanese, Arab, and western confidence in the state, while focusing on reforms.

Adib kicked off his parliamentary consultations by meeting with former PM and MP Tammam Salam, who said: "We want a government of specialists.”

MP Bahia Hariri, speaking on behalf of al-Mustaqbal parliamentary bloc, touted the formation of a government of experts.

The Loyalty to the Resistance Parliamentary bloc expressed Hezbollah’s willingness to cooperate in the cabinet formation process. "We are fully aware of the difficulty of the current stage, and we hope that the new government will work for the release of international funds through the strict implementation of the required and agreed-upon reforms," said MP Mohammad Raad after meeting with Prime Minister-designate.

But the Strong Republic bloc said the Lebanese Forces seeks an independent government, and that it will neither participate in the cabinet nor propose names for the portfolios.

“We will not interfere in the new cabinet's formula,” MP George Adwan said, adding that his party will support a homogeneous and independent working group.

“But, first and foremost, the government should distance itself from conflicts,” he said.

For his part, MP Hagop Pakradounian, who spoke on behalf of the Armenian parliamentary bloc during the non-binding parliamentary consultations, stressed cooperation on the upcoming lineup.



Syria's Wheat War: Drought Fuels Food Crisis for 16 Million

Before the war, Syria was self-sufficient in wheat, producing an average of 4.1 million tons annually, but 14 years of conflict crippled production. Delil SOULEIMAN / AFP
Before the war, Syria was self-sufficient in wheat, producing an average of 4.1 million tons annually, but 14 years of conflict crippled production. Delil SOULEIMAN / AFP
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Syria's Wheat War: Drought Fuels Food Crisis for 16 Million

Before the war, Syria was self-sufficient in wheat, producing an average of 4.1 million tons annually, but 14 years of conflict crippled production. Delil SOULEIMAN / AFP
Before the war, Syria was self-sufficient in wheat, producing an average of 4.1 million tons annually, but 14 years of conflict crippled production. Delil SOULEIMAN / AFP

Rival Syrian and Kurdish producers are scrambling for shrinking wheat harvests as the worst drought in decades follows a devastating war, pushing more than 16 million people toward food insecurity.

"The country has not seen such bad climate conditions in 60 years," said Haya Abu Assaf, assistant to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) representative in Syria.

Syria's water levels have seen "a very significant drop compared to previous years, which is very worrying", Abu Assaf told AFP, as a relatively short winter rainy season and decreased rainfall take their toll.

"A gap of between 2.5 to 2.7 million tons in the wheat crop is expected, meaning that the wheat quantity will not be sufficient to meet local needs," Abu Assaf said, putting "around 16.3 million people at risk of food insecurity in Syria this year".

Before the civil war erupted in 2011, Syria was self-sufficient in wheat, producing an average of 4.1 million tons annually.

Nearly 14 years of conflict have since crippled production and devastated the economy.

The FAO estimates that harsh weather has impacted nearly 2.5 million hectares of wheat-growing land.

"Around 75 percent of the cultivated areas" have been affected, as well as "natural pastures for livestock production", said Abu Assaf.

Imports, competition

To bridge the wheat gap, imports would be essential in a country where around 90 percent of the population lives in poverty.

Before his ouster in an Islamist-led offensive in December, Syria's longtime ruler Bashar al-Assad used to rely on ally Russia for wheat.

In April, new authorities reported the first wheat shipment since his removal arrived in Latakia port, with more Russian shipments following.

Iraq also donated more than 220,000 tons of wheat to Syria.

During the war, Damascus competed with the semi-autonomous Kurdish administration in the northeast to buy wheat from farmers across fertile lands.

Last year, Assad's government priced wheat at $350 per ton, and the Kurds at $310.

After Assad's ouster, Damascus and the Kurds agreed in March to integrate Kurdish-led institutions into the new Syrian state, with negotiations ongoing on implementation.

Damascus set wheat prices this month at between $290 and $320 per ton, depending on the quality, plus a $130 bonus.

The Kurdish-led administration offered $420 per ton including a $70 bonus.

'Poverty and hunger'

Damascus' agriculture ministry expects a harvest of 300,000 to 350,000 tons in government-controlled areas this year.

Hassan Othman, director of the Syrian Grain Establishment, acknowledged Syria was not self-sufficient, in comments on state television.

But he said authorities were working "to ensure food security by importing wheat from abroad and milling it in our mills".

In northeast Syria's Amuda, farmer Jamshid Hassu, 65, inspected the tiny wheat grains from his fields, which cover around 200 hectares (around 500 acres).

Despite heavy irrigation efforts to offset scarce rainfall, he said, production has halved.

The FAO's Abu Assaf said indicators showed that "about 95 percent of rain-fed wheat has been damaged and affected", while irrigated wheat yields were down 30 to 40 percent.

Hassu, who has been farming for four decades, said he had to pump water from depths of more than 160 meters (525 feet) to sustain his crops as groundwater levels plunge.

Agriculture remains a vital income source in rural Syria, but without urgent support, farmers face ruin.

"Without support, we will not be able to continue," Hassu warned.

"People will suffer from poverty and hunger."