Sudan Generals Summoned Over Deadly 2019 Crackdown

Sudanese forces deployed around Khartoum's army headquarters on June 3, 2019 as they try to disperse a sit-in. AFP
Sudanese forces deployed around Khartoum's army headquarters on June 3, 2019 as they try to disperse a sit-in. AFP
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Sudan Generals Summoned Over Deadly 2019 Crackdown

Sudanese forces deployed around Khartoum's army headquarters on June 3, 2019 as they try to disperse a sit-in. AFP
Sudanese forces deployed around Khartoum's army headquarters on June 3, 2019 as they try to disperse a sit-in. AFP

Top Sudanese generals have been summoned by an investigative panel on a bloody crackdown against pro-democracy demonstrators last year, state media reported.

Shortly before dawn on June 3, 2019, gunmen in military fatigues raided a weeks-long sit-in outside army headquarters in the capital Khartoum, shooting and beating protesters, AFP reported.

The Sudan Human Rights Commission, citing police records, said 85 people died in the crackdown, while medics linked to the protesters said over 100 were killed.

"All the members of what was the Transitional Military Council, now dissolved, must present themselves in front of this independent investigative commission," the media adviser to army chief Abdel Fattah al-Burhan said Wednesday, quoted by the SUNA state news agency.

"The date of December 16 has been chosen for the start of hearings for members of the TMC and summons reached interested parties on Wednesday," added General al-Tahir Abou Hajjah.

The Sovereign Council, Sudan's highest executive authority, is overseeing a precarious three-year transition to civilian rule.

"We affirm our desire to see justice done and our cooperation with the committee," General Hajjah added.

The TMC had taken control of Sudan after the military deposed longtime dictator Omar al-Bashir in April 2019, in response to enormous street protests.

Protesters remained on the streets, mainly outside army headquarters, after Bashir's fall, to pressure the military into sharing power with civilians.

The investigative committee is headed by Nabil Adib, a veteran human rights lawyer who was named to the post in October last year by Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok.

A spokesman for the TMC acknowledged days after the June 2019 killings that "mistakes happened" after it ordered commanders to "come up with a plan to disperse" the protesters outside army headquarters, which was "implemented".

An initial probe by military officials and prosecutors then found that some members of the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and other security forces were involved in the killings.



International Criminal Court’s Chief Prosecutor Meets with Syrian Leader in Damascus

This handout picture released by the Syrian Arab News Agency SANA, shows Syria's new leader Ahmed al-Sharaa (R) meeting with International Criminal Court (ICC) Prosecutor Karim Ahmad Khan in Damascus on January 17, 2025. (SANA / AFP)
This handout picture released by the Syrian Arab News Agency SANA, shows Syria's new leader Ahmed al-Sharaa (R) meeting with International Criminal Court (ICC) Prosecutor Karim Ahmad Khan in Damascus on January 17, 2025. (SANA / AFP)
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International Criminal Court’s Chief Prosecutor Meets with Syrian Leader in Damascus

This handout picture released by the Syrian Arab News Agency SANA, shows Syria's new leader Ahmed al-Sharaa (R) meeting with International Criminal Court (ICC) Prosecutor Karim Ahmad Khan in Damascus on January 17, 2025. (SANA / AFP)
This handout picture released by the Syrian Arab News Agency SANA, shows Syria's new leader Ahmed al-Sharaa (R) meeting with International Criminal Court (ICC) Prosecutor Karim Ahmad Khan in Damascus on January 17, 2025. (SANA / AFP)

The International Criminal Court’s chief prosecutor Karim Khan made an unannounced visit Friday to Damascus to confer with the leader of Syria’s de facto government on how to ensure accountability for alleged crimes committed in the country.

Khan's office said he visited at the invitation of Syria’s transitional government. He met with Ahmad al-Sharaa, the leader of Syria’s new administration and the foreign minister to discuss options for justice in The Hague for victims of the country's civil war, which has left more than half a million dead and more than six million people displaced.

Assad, who fled to Russia in December, waged an oppressive campaign against anyone who opposed him during his more than two decades in power.

Rights groups estimate at least 150,000 people went missing after anti-government protests began in 2011, most vanishing into Assad’s prison network. Many of them were killed, either in mass executions or from torture and prison conditions. The exact number remains unknown.

The global chemical weapons watchdog found Syrian forces were responsible for multiple attacks using chlorine gas and other banned substances against civilians.

Other groups have also been accused of human rights violations and war crimes during the country’s civil war.

The new authorities have called for members of the Assad regime to be brought to justice. It is unclear how exactly that would work at this stage.

Syria is not a member of the ICC, which has left the court without the ability to investigate the war. In 2014, Russia and China blocked a referral by the United Nations Security Council which would have given the court jurisdiction. Similar referrals were made for Sudan and Libya.

Khan's visit comes after a trip to Damascus last month by the UN organization assisting in investigating the most serious crimes in Syria. The International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism for Syria was created to assist in evidence-gathering and prosecution of individuals responsible for possible war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide since Syria’s civil war began in 2011.

The group's head, Robert Petit, highlighted the urgency of preserving documents and other evidence before they are lost.