ADNOC Signs Exploration Concession Agreement with Italian, Thai Energy Giantshttps://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2696991/adnoc-signs-exploration-concession-agreement-italian-thai-energy-giants
ADNOC Signs Exploration Concession Agreement with Italian, Thai Energy Giants
Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) announced on Monday the signing of an exploration concession agreement with a consortium led by Eni Abu Dhabi, a subsidiary of Italy’s energy giant, and PTTEP MENA, a unit of Thailand’s PTT Exploration and Production Public Company Limited (PTTEP).
The award has been approved by Abu Dhabi’s Supreme Petroleum Council (SPC). It follows ADNOC’s award earlier this month of an onshore block to Occidental, highlighting how ADNOC continues to leverage and strengthen its strategic partnerships to accelerate the exploration and development of Abu Dhabi’s hydrocarbon resources.
The exploration concession agreement was signed by Dr. Sultan bin Ahmed Al Jaber, Minister of Industry and Advanced Technology and ADNOC Group CEO; Claudio Descalzi, CEO of Eni; and Phongsthorn Thavisin, CEO of PTTEP, state news agency WAM reported.
For his part, Dr. Al Jaber said: "This concession award reinforces ADNOC and Eni’s growing partnership across our value chain and deepens our relationship with Thailand’s PTTEP, one of the key markets for our crude oil and products."
"Despite volatile market conditions, we are making very good progress in delivering Abu Dhabi’s second competitive block bid round, underscoring our world-class resource potential and the UAE’s stable and reliable investment environment."
Under the terms of this agreement, Eni will operate the exploration phase of the concession, and PTTEP and Eni will collectively hold a 100 percent stake in the exploration phase, investing up to AED1.51 billion ($412 million) towards exploration and appraisal drilling, including a participation fee, to explore for and appraise oil and gas opportunities in Offshore Block 3.
Commenting on the deal, Descalzi said the award "follows the one achieved by the same consortium in 2019 for offshore exploration Blocks 1 and 2 and represents a further important step towards the realization of Eni’s strategy to become a leading actor in the development and production in Abu Dhabi, a leading region for the oil and gas industry, while contributing through its expertise in exploration to add further resources and exploit all potential synergies with the surrounding fields."
"It also further strengthen our relationship with our valuable partner PPTEP. Offshore Block 3 represents a challenging opportunity that can unlock significant value thanks to exploration and appraisal of shallow and deep reservoirs."
Following successful commercial discovery during the exploration phase, Eni and PTTEP will, together, have the right to a production concession to develop and produce such commercial discoveries.
ADNOC has the option to hold a 60 percent stake in the production phase of the concession. The term of the production phase is 35 years from the commencement of the exploration phase.
Thavisin said: "This concession award offers another great opportunity for PTTEP to strengthen collaboration with world-class strategic partners Eni and ADNOC. The consortium will bring capabilities, experiences and technology to accelerate the development of Offshore Block 3, as well as Offshore Blocks 1 and 2, and lead to a successful discovery. The strategic partnership has been established to jointly contribute to the petroleum development in UAE and be part of the growing industry.
"Meanwhile, this business progress has also reinforced our presence in the Middle East following the company’s Execute and Expand strategy. Such approach aims to sustainably increase both petroleum reserves and production in the future."
Offshore Block 3 covers an offshore area of 11,660 square kilometres northwest of Abu Dhabi city. New 3D seismic data has been acquired for a part of the block, which, combined with its proximity to the existing onshore oil and gas fields, suggests the concession area has promising potential.
GCC: Railway Agreement Sets Joint Framework for Project Implementation and Operation
GCC transport ministers pose for a group photo following the 27th committee meeting in Kuwait. (GCC Railway Authority)
Jasem Albudaiwi, secretary-general of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), said on Sunday that the signing of the General Agreement on the GCC Railway Project marked an important step toward establishing an integrated regional transport network.
He said the network would facilitate the movement of citizens and residents, ease freight transport, boost intra-GCC trade efficiency and strengthen member states’ economic competitiveness and the region’s position in regional and international trade.
Albudaiwi's remarks came at the signing ceremony in the Bahraini capital, Manama, on Sunday, held under the patronage and in the presence of Bahrain’s Crown Prince and Prime Minister Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa.
He said the project reflected the GCC’s shared ambition to connect member states and improve mobility and trade by linking their economic and industrial hubs, ports and logistics centers.
He added that the project would create opportunities for safe, reliable, affordable and environmentally friendly transport services that meet development needs, serve the aspirations of future generations and strengthen economic integration among GCC states.
Albudaiwi said the agreement sets a common framework for member states to implement and operate the project in coordination with their national railway networks, while establishing mechanisms and a timetable to accelerate its completion.
Albudaiwi praised GCC leaders and transport ministers for their support of strategic regional projects, thanking Bahrain’s crown prince and prime minister for hosting the signing ceremony and officials for advancing the railway project.
Mega Projects Drive Growth for Saudi Small and Medium Factorieshttps://english.aawsat.com/business/5338869-mega-projects-drive-growth-saudi-small-and-medium-factories
Mega Projects Drive Growth for Saudi Small and Medium Factories
A factory in Madinah’s industrial city. (SPA)
Mega projects in Saudi Arabia are offering increasing opportunities for small and medium-sized factories to expand their businesses and integrate into local supply chains. This shift is accompanied by growing demand for industrial products and auxiliary services, including transport, warehousing, maintenance, and engineering services.
This demand has the potential to broaden the domestic manufacturing base, enabling factories to scale up capacity and upgrade their products rather than limiting their operations to meeting existing market needs. However, capitalizing on these opportunities remains contingent on the factories' ability to overcome financing and liquidity challenges, secure qualification from major corporations, and meet strict requirements for volume, specifications, and delivery schedules.
Experts speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat noted that integrating small and medium-sized industrial enterprises into supply chains requires tailoring opportunities to match their actual capacities. They also stressed the need to develop financing solutions that assist these companies in executing contracts, alongside creating avenues for them to build a track record that qualifies them to compete for larger orders.
A worker at a factory in Saudi Arabia. (SPA)
Mega projects expand domestic demand base
Dr. Abdullah Al-Salloum, a finance professor at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, stated that small and medium-sized enterprises represent roughly 90 percent of global businesses, provide 60 to 70 percent of employment, and account for about 50 percent of the world's GDP.
Strengthening their role in industrial activity remains a primary developmental objective, he added.
He explained that Saudi Arabia is working to expand the contribution of these enterprises by developing the regulatory environment and national industrial strategies, improving logistics services, and reducing investment risks, as well as stimulating demand for local products through mega projects, value chains, procurement, and local content programs.
Al-Salloum added that the industrial ecosystem provides financing solutions and demand guarantees for national products, alongside qualification and operational support programs. He cited the industrial business accelerator affiliated with the Public Investment Fund, which he said received 350 applications over the past year.
These initiatives offer domestic manufacturing an opportunity to strengthen its presence in the local market and leverage that footing to expand into regional and international markets, he remarked.
The participation of small and medium-sized enterprises in the supply chains of mega projects is not limited to factories producing goods, but extends to supporting activities and services, such as transport, warehousing, maintenance, and engineering services, thereby expanding the base of beneficiaries from investment spending, he said.
The higher the capacity of local industry to meet the needs of these projects, the greater the share of spending that remains within the national economy, he explained.
He cited as an example the spending of the PIF and its subsidiaries on local content, which reached 207 billion riyals ($55.2 billion) during 2024, according to an announcement by the fund's governor, Yasir Al-Rumayyan. He explained that while this figure is not exclusive to small and medium enterprises or industrial factories, it reflects the volume of demand that local factories can leverage to expand their businesses and develop their products.
Visitors at the 2025 Saudi Industrial Expo. (Saudi Made)
Al-Salloum explained that recurring orders help factories raise their capacity utilization rates and distribute fixed costs across a larger number of units, thereby improving efficiency and enabling them to invest in equipment, technologies, and workforce training. It also provides them with a supply track record and practical experience that can be leveraged to attract new clients both within Saudi Arabia and abroad.
He said that reducing reliance on imports is linked to the capacity of local industry to produce a wider range of goods, components, and services that were previously imported, increasing domestic value-added, while acknowledging the continued need for certain imports during the initial stages of industrial development.
Al-Salloum added that the expansion of domestic production creates jobs across multiple fields, including technicians, engineers, and workers in quality control, operations, and maintenance.
The sustainability of these jobs depends on the factories' capacity to diversify their client base and avoid relying on a single project or entity, he remarked.
Liquidity and demand continuity present challenges for factories
Consulting engineer Abdulaziz Aba Arrous, CEO of A&BC for Safety Tools and Materials Manufacturing, stated that while the Saudi industrial sector has received government support and incentives that helped boost confidence in investment and expansion, factories still face daily challenges related to liquidity and demand continuity.
He explained that executing a large order requires the factory to purchase raw materials and pay wages and production costs before collecting its dues, creating a financing gap between the start of implementation and receiving the supply value. Furthermore, scaling up production capacity demands investment in equipment and recruiting qualified technical labor, as well as bearing continuous operational obligations.
Clarity regarding future demand, the availability of long-term contracts, and the regular settlement of dues are factors that help enterprises plan, expand, and utilize available support and incentives, rather than operating under intermittent orders that make it difficult to determine production and investment needs, he continued.
Aba Arrous said that opportunities for small and medium-sized factories to enter the supply chains of mega projects exist, but they vary depending on the nature of the product, the volume of demand, and the factory's ability to commit to specifications, quantities, and delivery schedules.
He added that the "Etimad" platform allows enterprises to view government tenders, while the preference for national products, in accordance with applicable regulations, contributes to boosting the competitiveness of local factories. However, the challenge with major corporations often begins at the stage of registration and qualification as an approved supplier, prior to accessing an actual supply opportunity.
Aba Arrous explained that while a factory may possess a quality product and adequate production capacity, it often faces lengthy qualification procedures, or orders with volumes and payment terms that exceed its financial capabilities. Therefore, he highlighted the importance of awarding small and medium-sized enterprises initial orders tailored to their capacities, with the volume of business scaling up based on execution quality and adherence to delivery schedules.
This approach allows the factory to prove its capability while enabling the buyer to assess its actual performance, he noted.
Qualification and financing requirements determine expansion opportunities
Regarding the obstacles preventing factories from securing supply contracts, Al-Salloum stated that financing challenges, production capacity, qualification requirements, and contract accessibility are interconnected.
A factory may possess a quality product but lack the experience necessary to qualify as a supplier, or it may secure a contract without having sufficient liquidity to execute it, he explained.
He pointed to the PIF's announcement in September 2026 of the launch of the "Tawreed" company, aimed at providing supply chain financing products, including early payment against approved invoices. He said that while these solutions can improve cash flows for factories, they do not replace the need for pre-invoice financing, which is essential for the enterprise to purchase raw materials and commence production.
Quality, safety, and compliance requirements are essential, but experience, financial solvency, and guarantee demands should align with the contract size and the nature of its risks, preventing qualification criteria from becoming a barrier to smaller factories, he added.
He also called for providing these enterprises with opportunities to prove their capabilities through smaller orders before moving to larger contracts.
A view inside of a Saudi factory. (Vision 2030)
For his part, Aba Arrous explained that small and medium-sized factories are capable of supplying various products to mega projects, including metal products, electrical components, packaging materials, and safety equipment, alongside maintenance services and custom manufacturing.
He noted that his company operates in the field of industrial safety equipment, and its products include personal protective equipment for industrial sector workers, such as flame- and heat-resistant clothing and cut-resistant gloves, whose specifications are determined according to the nature of the hazards and usage requirements.
He added that the proximity of local factories to clients gives them an advantage in monitoring their needs, managing variations in quantities and sizes, and responding to required modifications, compared to direct imports which may take longer in some cases. This proximity helps in developing products and building ongoing supply relationships with clients.
Client diversification ensures sustainable growth
Al-Salloum stressed that overreliance on mega projects or government initiatives could expose enterprises to single-customer concentration risks, making productivity improvements, cost controls, and customer base diversification essential for business sustainability, rather than tying the factory's future to specific contracts or a single entity.
The most significant developmental impact of small and medium factories participating in these projects extends to building more productive enterprises, developing worker skills, and forming a baseline of competitive national products, enabling local industry to sustain itself and grow after the projects conclude, he said.
Iraq Oil Output Exceeds 5 million bpdhttps://english.aawsat.com/business/5338615-iraq-oil-output-exceeds-5-million-bpd
Majnoon oil field near the Iraqi city of Basra (Reuters)
Iraq produces more than 5 million barrels of oil per day (bpd), Oil Minister Basim Mohammed told state news agency INA on Saturday.
According to Reuters, Iraq is pushing for a higher OPEC production quota as the economic fallout from the Iran war and new investment by oil majors increase pressure on Baghdad to boost output, potentially putting it at odds with the producer group.
The conflict has hit Iraq particularly hard, forcing major export cuts and depriving the state of oil revenue, which accounted for 88% of government income last year.
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