France Celebrates Napoleon's 200th Death Anniversary with Documentaries

A bronze statue of Napoleon Bonaparte in uniform displayed at Osenat auction house before being put on auction, in Fontainebleau, near Paris, France, April 30, 2021. (Reuters)
A bronze statue of Napoleon Bonaparte in uniform displayed at Osenat auction house before being put on auction, in Fontainebleau, near Paris, France, April 30, 2021. (Reuters)
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France Celebrates Napoleon's 200th Death Anniversary with Documentaries

A bronze statue of Napoleon Bonaparte in uniform displayed at Osenat auction house before being put on auction, in Fontainebleau, near Paris, France, April 30, 2021. (Reuters)
A bronze statue of Napoleon Bonaparte in uniform displayed at Osenat auction house before being put on auction, in Fontainebleau, near Paris, France, April 30, 2021. (Reuters)

On the 200th anniversary of Napoleon's death, French TV channels are dedicating their airtime to screen documentaries, programs and special evenings that explore unknown, and sometimes dark sides, of the late emperor's life.

On April 13, France 2 TV inaugurated its commemoration of Napoleon's death with a special episode of the "Laissez-vous Guider" program with Stéphane Bern and Lorànt Deutsch, who took the audience on a journey following "the steps of Napoleon" from Paris to the Aix Island.

The episode included new 3D reconstructed scenes. The evening was concluded with a report from the Grand Napoleon Exhibition at "La Grande Halle," Paris.

On April 19, Bern dedicated his program, "Secrets d'Histoire," to highlight the last years of the emperor, who was toppled and exiled.

The "La Premiere" network, affiliated with France TV, is set to introduce a "different reading" on Napoleon's marriage to Josephine, the heiress of a land and slave owner in the Martinique, who revived slave trade in 1802. Another documentary dubbed "Bonaparte, the Dark Side" exposed this forgotten chapter in the history of France.

The French-German Arte network also prepared two documentaries for the occasion: one was screened on May 1, and the second is scheduled for the eighth.

The first, "Napoleon: Faith and Death," voiced by actor and scriptwriter of Greek origins Denis Podalydès, highlighted the mental state of the emperor, who escaped death on six occasions. The second, entitled "Napoleon – Metternich: Beginning of the End" voiced by actor and director Philippe Torretone, explores the long meeting between Napoleon and Metternich, the Austrian foreign minister in Dresden in 1813.

Histoire TV has planned to air various programs this month that will conclude on May 7, with a documentary series, produced by the BBC, and a special episode of the "C'est un Complot" program that investigates different historic versions and explores a theory that Napoleon was assassinated.



Shrouded in Smog, Delhi Pollution Reading Is the Highest This Year

Thick smog engulfs the Kartavya Path near India Gate in New Delhi on November 18, 2024. (AFP)
Thick smog engulfs the Kartavya Path near India Gate in New Delhi on November 18, 2024. (AFP)
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Shrouded in Smog, Delhi Pollution Reading Is the Highest This Year

Thick smog engulfs the Kartavya Path near India Gate in New Delhi on November 18, 2024. (AFP)
Thick smog engulfs the Kartavya Path near India Gate in New Delhi on November 18, 2024. (AFP)

A thick blanket of toxic smog engulfed most parts of northern India on Monday and readings of air quality in the capital New Delhi hit their highest this year after dense fog overnight.

The smog, a toxic blend of smoke and fog, happens each year in winter as cold air traps dust, emissions, and smoke from illegal farm fires in some surrounding states.

Visibility dropped to 100 m (109 yards) in Delhi and Chandigarh, a city northwest of the capital, but authorities said flights and trains continued to operate with some delays.

India's pollution control authority said the national capital territory's 24-hour air quality index (AQI) reading was at 484, classified as "severe plus", the highest this year.

According to Swiss group IQAir's live rankings, New Delhi was the most polluted city in the world with the air quality at a "hazardous" 1,081 and the concentration of PM2.5 - particulate matter measuring 2.5 microns or less in diameter that can be carried into lungs, causing deadly diseases and cardiac issues - was 130.9 times the World Health Organisation's recommended levels.

Experts say the scores vary because of a difference in the scale countries adopt to convert pollutant concentrations into AQI, and so the same quantity of a specific pollutant may be translated as different AQI scores in different countries.

Delhi authorities directed all schools to move classes online and tightened restrictions on construction activities and vehicle movements, citing unfavourable meteorological conditions and low wind speed.

Farm fires - where stubble left after harvesting rice is burnt to clear fields - have contributed as much as 40% of the pollution in Delhi, SAFAR, a weather forecasting agency under the ministry of earth sciences has said.

Satellites detected 1,334 such events in six states on Sunday, the most in the last four days, according to India's Consortium for Research on Agroecosystem Monitoring and Modeling from Space.

Despite the polluted air, many residents continued their daily routines. Many buildings were barely visible, including Delhi's iconic India Gate.

"Morning walk usually feels good, but now the air is polluted and we're forced to wear a mask... There is a burning sensation in the eyes and slight difficulty in breathing," Akshay Pathak, a resident of the city told the ANI news agency, in which Reuters has a minority stake.

India's weather department has forecast "dense to very dense fog" for the northern states of Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan for Monday.