E-Learning in Saudi Arabia Shifts from Planning to Execution under Pandemic

Part of the activities of the first days of school in a school in Madinah, Saudi Arabia (SPA)
Part of the activities of the first days of school in a school in Madinah, Saudi Arabia (SPA)
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E-Learning in Saudi Arabia Shifts from Planning to Execution under Pandemic

Part of the activities of the first days of school in a school in Madinah, Saudi Arabia (SPA)
Part of the activities of the first days of school in a school in Madinah, Saudi Arabia (SPA)

At the start, e-learning in Saudi Arabia was considered the future of education in the Kingdom. However, the coronavirus pandemic made studying online a vital aspect of learning today.

The option of distance learning is now available for primary courses that will launch this school year online before students go back to attending their classes in person.

While many countries struggled with the repercussions of the pandemic in the past academic year, Saudi Arabia fell back on all modern tech means available and the Kingdom’s remote education infrastructure to allow its students to keep learning.

This prompted the Kingdom’s remarkable success in overcoming education challenges posed by the pandemic.

Muhammad Al-Hejailan, associate professor of information technology and e-learning management at King Saud University in Riyadh, explains that the Education Ministry’s response to activating e-learning was swift and efficient.

The ministry, according to Al-Hejailan, launched its e-learning department in alignment with the Kingdom’s national vision for transformation, dubbed “Vision 2030.” The vision promotes across-the-board digital transformation in Saudi Arabia.

“This move stemmed from Vision 2030,” Al-Hejailan told Asharq Al-Awsat, adding that the ministry’s administrative structure helped in planning and supporting the success of quality digital progress.

Despite all its negative fall-out, the coronavirus pandemic did manage to speed up digital transformation in the education sector.

“The pandemic abridged a multi-step process into a short step,” said Al-Hejailan, considering the matter positive for any future plans.

Al-Hejailan highlighted that high-quality Saudi human resources, compared to other countries, prompted this digital movement’s success.

Previous scholarship programs have created great potential in areas that help e-learning, from both the technical and educational aspects, added the academic.

Saleh Al-Atiwi, a professor of educational technology and software project management at King Saud University in Riyadh, confirmed that Saudi Arabia is one of the leading countries to apply information and communication technology in all fields, including diverse learning environments.



Matcha: The Japanese Tea Taking over the World

A staff member at Tokyo's Milia Matcha prepares a matcha drink for a customer. Philip FONG / AFP
A staff member at Tokyo's Milia Matcha prepares a matcha drink for a customer. Philip FONG / AFP
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Matcha: The Japanese Tea Taking over the World

A staff member at Tokyo's Milia Matcha prepares a matcha drink for a customer. Philip FONG / AFP
A staff member at Tokyo's Milia Matcha prepares a matcha drink for a customer. Philip FONG / AFP

Matcha is the new drink of choice at hip cafes worldwide, but Japanese producers are struggling to keep up with soaring demand for the powdered green tea.

Here's what you need to know about the drink beloved of weekend treat-seekers and "wellness" influencers:

What is matcha?

The word matcha means "ground tea" in Japanese and comes in the form of a vivid green powder that is whisked with hot water and can be added to milk to make a matcha latte.

Green tea was introduced to Japan from China in the early ninth century, and was first used for medicinal purposes.

Matcha came much later, in 16th century Kyoto -- part of the tea ceremony tradition developed by tea master Sen no Rikyu.

Today, there are different grades of matcha quality, from "ceremonial" to "culinary" types used in baking.

How is it produced?

Matcha is made from leaves called "tencha", which are grown in the shade in the final weeks before their harvest to concentrate the flavor, color and nutrients.

This "requires the construction of a complex structure with poles and a roof to filter the light", explained Masahiro Okutomi, a tea producer in Sayama, northwest of Tokyo.

Tencha leaves, rich in chlorophyll and L-theanine, a compound known for its relaxing effects, are hand-picked and deveined, then steamed, dried and ground between two stone mills to produce an ultra-fine powder.

It can take up to an hour to produce just 40 grams (1.4 ounces) of matcha -- making the powder on average twice as expensive to produce as standard green tea leaves.

What are its benefits?

Many drink matcha for its rich grass-like taste, but others are drawn to the drink's nutritional properties.

It is rich in antioxidants, and can aid concentration because of its caffeine content: one cup contains on average 48 milligrams, slightly less than a drip coffee but nearly twice as much as a standardly brewed green tea.

"Matcha is often seen as being good for your health," said Shigehito Nishikida, manager of Tokyo tea shop Jugetsudo.

"But people are also attracted to the Japanese culture around tea: the ritual, the time taken, the aesthetics," he said.

Why is it so popular?

Japan produced 4,176 tons of matcha in 2023 -- a huge increase from the 1,430 tons in 2012.

More than half of the powder is exported, according to the agriculture ministry, mostly to the United States, Southeast Asia, Europe, Australia and the Middle East.

Millions of videos on TikTok, Instagram and YouTube demonstrate how to make photogenic matcha drinks or choose a traditional "chasen" bamboo whisk.

"I feel like Gen Z really drove this enthusiasm for matcha, and they heavily relied on social media to do so," Stevie Youssef, a 31-year-old marketing professional, told AFP at a matcha bar in Los Angeles.

Matcha can also be used in cooking, extending its appeal to others aside from tea lovers.

"Some customers simply enjoy drinking it, others like preparing it themselves. And of course, many buy it as a gift -- Japanese matcha is always appreciated," said Jugetsudo's Nishikida.