Booksellers along Paris’ La Seine Face Pandemic-Driven Crisis

 People gather along banks of the Seine river in Paris on the
first day of France's easing of lockdown measures in place for 55 days
to curb the spread of the coronavirus, May 11, 2020. (AFP Photo).
People gather along banks of the Seine river in Paris on the first day of France's easing of lockdown measures in place for 55 days to curb the spread of the coronavirus, May 11, 2020. (AFP Photo).
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Booksellers along Paris’ La Seine Face Pandemic-Driven Crisis

 People gather along banks of the Seine river in Paris on the
first day of France's easing of lockdown measures in place for 55 days
to curb the spread of the coronavirus, May 11, 2020. (AFP Photo).
People gather along banks of the Seine river in Paris on the first day of France's easing of lockdown measures in place for 55 days to curb the spread of the coronavirus, May 11, 2020. (AFP Photo).

For centuries, curious visitors and bookworms from around the world dived in the kiosks of booksellers along the banks of the Seine, where they found rare and old prints that have long been missed. But the pandemic is threatening the existence of this cultural landmark in the French capital.

It's a chance to work "in an extraordinary setting,” Jerome Callais, president of the Bouquinistes association, who spent three decades on the Quai de Conti with 220 other booksellers searching and selling old books, told Agence France Press (AFP).

"Being a bouquiniste is often your last job -- you've done other things before. But once you start, you can't stop," he said.

Jean-Pierre Mathias, 74, who has been selling books opposite the statue of Condorcet, for 30 years, supports the idea of Callais.

“My boxes are a hundred years old, they still open fine and thanks to them I'm still in good health -- a bouquiniste doesn't stop working until he can no longer open them," he said.

But he acknowledges the industry is facing a challenging time, saying "some of my colleagues don't open much these days, they've given up a bit with this crisis". Many of Mathias’ clients are psychology students looking for books they find only on his shelves.

"There aren't any psychology bookstores in Paris anymore. I have taken over the top spot. But there are fewer customers these days -- between having to work from home and crimped budgets, it's harder for them as well,” he explained.

The bad weather conditions were not the only challenge facing the street bookstores along the Seine. Their work has also been affected by the yellow vests’ protests and the pandemic, which has forced many bouquiniste to shut down their kiosks.

“We have many plans, and we should survive,” confirmed Callais, noting that tourists are very rare. “Only 25 percent of our customers come from the Île-de-France,” which means the remaining 75 percent come from outside Paris and its suburbs.

The pavements feature 18 void spots, and the municipality received only 25 applications so far, compared to 60 in the past years for the same number of spots. But the registration will remain open for another month.



How the Invasive Water Hyacinth Is Threatening Fishermen’s Livelihoods on a Popular Kenyan Lake

 A heron searches for food next to abandoned fishing boats trapped in hyacinth at Central Beach in Lake Naivasha in Nakuru county, Kenya's Rift Valley, Friday, Dec. 13, 2024. (AP)
A heron searches for food next to abandoned fishing boats trapped in hyacinth at Central Beach in Lake Naivasha in Nakuru county, Kenya's Rift Valley, Friday, Dec. 13, 2024. (AP)
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How the Invasive Water Hyacinth Is Threatening Fishermen’s Livelihoods on a Popular Kenyan Lake

 A heron searches for food next to abandoned fishing boats trapped in hyacinth at Central Beach in Lake Naivasha in Nakuru county, Kenya's Rift Valley, Friday, Dec. 13, 2024. (AP)
A heron searches for food next to abandoned fishing boats trapped in hyacinth at Central Beach in Lake Naivasha in Nakuru county, Kenya's Rift Valley, Friday, Dec. 13, 2024. (AP)

For someone who fishes for a living, nothing says a bad day like spending over 18 hours on a lake and taking home nothing.

Recently, a group of fishermen were said to be stranded on Kenya's popular Lake Naivasha for that long and blamed the water hyacinth that has taken over large parts of it.

“They did not realize that the hyacinth would later entrap them,” said fellow fisherman Simon Macharia. The men even lost their nets, he said.

The water hyacinth is native to South America and was reportedly introduced to Kenya in the 1980s “by tourists who brought it as an ornamental plant,” said Gordon Ocholla, an environmental scientist at Mount Kenya University.

Water hyacinth was first sighted on Lake Naivasha about 10 years ago. Now it has become a large, glossy mat that can cover swathes of the lake. To fishermen, the invasive plant is a threat to livelihoods.

Usually, the presence of water hyacinth is linked to pollution. It is known to thrive in the presence of contaminants and grows quickly, and is considered the most invasive aquatic plant species in the world, Ocholla said. It can prevent the penetration of sunlight and impact airflow, affecting the quality of aquatic life.

This has caused a drastic drop in the population of fish in Lake Naivasha and some other affected areas.

The East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources estimated in a 2023 study that the invasion of water hyacinth in Kenyan lakes — including Africa's largest lake, Lake Victoria — has led to annual losses of between $150 million and $350 million in Kenya's fishing, transport and tourism sectors.

The fishermen at Lake Naivasha know that well.

“Previously we would catch up to 90 kilograms (198 pounds) of fish per day, but nowadays we get between 10 kilograms and 15 kilograms,” Macharia said.

This means daily earnings have dropped from $210 to $35.

Fishermen say they have tried to tackle the invasion of water hyacinth but with little success.

“It grows back faster than we can remove it,” Macharia said.

There are several ways to deal with the plant, including physically removing it, Ocholla said. Another method is introducing organisms that feed on it. Or chemicals can be sprayed to kill the plant, “but this is not favorable as it would harm other aquatic life.”

Several attempts have been made to convert the plant into a useful commodity.

“The government had built a biogas processor near the lake where we were supposed to take the hyacinth, but it has never been operational,” Macharia said. He did not know why.

Recently the fishermen, through a Kenyan start-up, began using a method that converts water hyacinth into biodegradable packaging.

HyaPak started in 2022 as a project at Egerton University in Kenya. It seeks to create environmentally friendly packaging.

“On one hand there is a problem of water hyacinth, and a problem of plastic waste pollution on the other. What we are trying to do is using one problem, the hyacinth, to solve the plastic waste pollution,” HyaPak founder Joseph Nguthiru said.

He said he created the project following a disastrous field excursion that left him and his classmates stuck on Lake Naivasha.

HyaPak has entered a partnership with the fishermen, who harvest the water hyacinth and sun-dry it for a negotiable fee. Then it is transported to the Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute in Nairobi, where HyaPak is located.

There, it is mixed with what Nguthiru called “proprietary additives” and converted into biodegradable paper material.

HyaPak is targeting the agriculture sector, creating biodegradable bags for seedlings. The bags decompose with time, releasing nutrients that Nguthiru said are beneficial to the plants.

HyaPak works with 50 fishermen at Lake Naivasha, including Macharia. The company said it processes up to 150 kilograms of water hyacinth per week, converting it to 4,500 biodegradable packages.

Experts said scaling up such work will be a challenge.

“Such solutions and others that have been applied by similar start-ups may be promising and actually work, but if they cannot be scaled to a higher level that matches the invasiveness of the water hyacinth, then the problem will still persist,” Ocholla said.