British PM Johnson in Ukraine Tuesday for Talks on Russia

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson. (Reuters)
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson. (Reuters)
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British PM Johnson in Ukraine Tuesday for Talks on Russia

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson. (Reuters)
British Prime Minister Boris Johnson. (Reuters)

Boris Johnson travels to Kyiv Tuesday for talks with Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky, as tensions with Russia rise and the British prime minister battles the biggest crisis of his premiership.

"It is the right of every Ukrainian to determine how they are governed. As a friend and a democratic partner, the UK will continue to uphold Ukraine's sovereignty in the face of those who seek to destroy it," Johnson said in a statement.

"We urge Russia to step back and engage in dialogue to find a diplomatic resolution and avoid further bloodshed," he added.

The trip comes as Johnson's position continues to hang in the balance, with police investigating reports of lockdown-breaching parties held at his London residence and office during Covid lockdowns, AFP said.

The prime minister apologized on Monday after a report by a senior civil servant criticized his government for "failures of leadership and judgment" over the rule-breaking.

The affair -- dubbed "partygate" -- has cost Johnson the support of MPs from his Conservative party, sparked public outrage and led to opposition calls for his resignation.

- Intensified diplomacy -
Fears of an imminent Russian incursion in Ukraine have grown in recent days, despite denials from Moscow and pleas from Zelensky to avoid panic over a massive Russian military build-up on the border.

Johnson's announcement was part of the latest flurry of diplomatic responses to the crisis.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and his French counterpart Emmanuel Macron on Monday discussed Ukraine tensions and concerns over security in Europe during a phone call.

Meanwhile Russia and the United States clashed over Ukraine at the UN Security Council.

"The UK has long been a staunch supporter of Ukrainian sovereignty. Since 2015, British Armed Forces have trained over 22,000 Ukrainian troops to defend themselves," the British statement said.

Johnson and Zelensky will on Tuesday discuss the "ongoing Russian hostile activity", the statement added, covering "the full range of strategic UK support to Ukraine".

More than 100,000 Russian troops are massed on Ukraine's doorstep and Putin has made repeated demands to restrict Ukraine's right to pursue NATO membership and self-defence.

Russia has repeatedly denied it poses a threat to Ukraine and demanded that the United States will not establish new military bases in ex-Soviet countries.

Britain's Foreign Minister Liz Truss -- touted as a potential contender to succeed scandal-plagued Johnson -- will not accompany Johnson on the trip after testing positive for coronavirus on Monday.

"I tested positive for Covid this evening. Thankfully I've had my three jabs and will be working from home while I isolate," she wrote on Twitter.

Truss told the British parliament on Monday that the government was putting through "the toughest sanctions regime against Russia we've ever had".

"Those in and around the Kremlin will have nowhere to hide," she said.

Johnson is set to speak to Putin, telling parliament on Monday he would do so "as soon as I can", while urging the Russian leader to choose the diplomatic path on the Ukraine issue.



Iran to Launch 'Advanced Centrifuges' in Response to IAEA Censure

Western countries successfully moved a resolution at the IAEA to censure Iran over its nuclear program - AFP
Western countries successfully moved a resolution at the IAEA to censure Iran over its nuclear program - AFP
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Iran to Launch 'Advanced Centrifuges' in Response to IAEA Censure

Western countries successfully moved a resolution at the IAEA to censure Iran over its nuclear program - AFP
Western countries successfully moved a resolution at the IAEA to censure Iran over its nuclear program - AFP

Iran said Friday it would launch a series of "new and advanced" centrifuges in response to a resolution adopted by the UN nuclear watchdog that censures Tehran for what the agency called lack of cooperation.

The censure motion brought by Britain, France, Germany, and the United States at the 35-nation board of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) follows a similar one in June.

It came as tensions run high over Iran's atomic program, with critics fearing that Tehran is attempting to develop a nuclear weapon -- a claim the Islamic Republic has repeatedly denied.

The resolution -- which China, Russia and Burkina Faso voted against -- carried with 19 votes in favor, 12 abstentions and Venezuela not participating, two diplomats told AFP.

"The head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran issued an order to take effective measures, including launching a significant series of new and advanced centrifuges of various types," a joint statement by the organization and Iran's foreign ministry said.

Centrifuges are the machines that enrich uranium transformed into gas by rotating it at very high speed, increasing the proportion of fissile isotope material (U-235).

"At the same time, technical and safeguards cooperation with the IAEA will continue, as in the past" and within the framework of agreements made by Iran, the joint Iranian statement added.

Behrouz Kamalvandi, Iran's atomic energy organization spokesman, on Friday said the new measures are mostly related to uranium enrichment.

"We will substantially increase the enrichment capacity with the utilisation of different types of advanced machines," he told state TV.

Iran's retaliatory measures "are reversible if this (Western) hostile action is withdrawn or negotiations are opened," Tehran-based political analyst Hadi Mohammadi told AFP.

- 'Legal obligations' -

The confidential resolution seen by AFP says it is "essential and urgent" for Iran to "act to fulfil its legal obligations" under the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) ratified in 1970.

The text also calls on Tehran to provide "technically credible explanations" for the presence of uranium particles found at two undeclared locations in Iran.

In addition, Western powers are asking for a "comprehensive report" to be issued by the IAEA on Iran's nuclear efforts "at the latest" by spring 2025.

The resolution comes after the IAEA's head Rafael Grossi returned from a trip to Tehran last week, where he appeared to have made headway.

During the visit, Iran agreed to an IAEA demand to cap its sensitive stock of near weapons-grade uranium enriched up to 60 percent purity.

- 'Cycle of provocation' -

"Iran did not start the cycle of provocation -- the Western side could, without passing a resolution... create the atmosphere for negotiations if it really was after talks," the analyst Mohammadi said.

In 2015, Iran and world powers reached an agreement that saw the easing of international sanctions on Tehran in exchange for curbs on its nuclear program.

But the United States unilaterally withdrew from the accord in 2018 under then-president Donald Trump and reimposed biting economic sanctions, which prompted Iran to begin rolling back on its own commitments.

On Thursday, Iran's deputy foreign minister for legal and international affairs Kazem Gharibabadi warned of Iran's potential next step.

"Iran had announced in an official letter to European countries that it would withdraw from the NPT if the snapback mechanism was activated, and the Security Council sanctions were reinstated," Gharibabadi said in a late-night interview with state TV.

The 2015 deal contains a "snapback" mechanism that can be triggered in case of "significant non-performance" of commitments by Iran.

This would allow many sanctions to be reimposed.

Tehran has since 2021 decreased its cooperation with the agency by deactivating surveillance devices monitoring the nuclear program and barring UN inspectors.

At the same time, it has ramped up its nuclear activities, including by increasing its stockpiles of enriched uranium and the level of enrichment to 60 percent.

That level is close, according to the IAEA, to the 90 percent-plus threshold required for a nuclear warhead and substantially higher than the 3.67 percent limit it agreed to in 2015.