Saudi Arabia, Kyrgyzstan to Sign 30 Cooperation Agreements During President's Visit to Riyadh

Kyrgyzstan Ambassador Ulukbek Maripov. (Saad al-Anzi)
Kyrgyzstan Ambassador Ulukbek Maripov. (Saad al-Anzi)
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Saudi Arabia, Kyrgyzstan to Sign 30 Cooperation Agreements During President's Visit to Riyadh

Kyrgyzstan Ambassador Ulukbek Maripov. (Saad al-Anzi)
Kyrgyzstan Ambassador Ulukbek Maripov. (Saad al-Anzi)

The upcoming visit of Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov to Saudi Arabia will witness the signing of 30 new draft agreements and 23 international treaties and deals to enhance comprehensive cooperation with Saudi Arabia.

The third meeting of the Kyrgyz-Saudi Joint Intergovernmental Committee on high-level cooperation is scheduled to be held during the summer of 2022.

Kyrgyzstan Ambassador to the Kingdom Ulukbek Maripov told Asharq Al-Awsat that coordination is underway with the Saudi Foreign Ministry to prepare for the President's first official visit to Saudi Arabia between August and September.

"The visit will boost the Kyrgyz-Saudi relations," said Maripov.

In March, Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan visited Kyrgyzstan, where he held talks with Japarov and Prime Minister Akylbek Japarov.

Kyrgyzstan's Foreign Minister Ruslan Kazakbaev is scheduled to visit the Kingdom in June, announced the ambassador.

Maripov said 2022 marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of Kyrgyz-Saudi diplomatic relations.

In 2007, his country established its embassy in Riyadh, which paved the way for developing relations, remarked the diplomat, indicating that a general cooperation agreement was signed on January 8, 2014.

He stressed his country's intention to develop consistent cooperation with the Kingdom in the political, parliamentary, trade, economic, investment, cultural and humanitarian fields.

Political cooperation between the two sides is characterized by agreement on various issues amid mutual readiness to upgrade relations to a strategic partnership.

It also includes multilateral cooperation within the framework of international financial organizations and institutions, such as the UN, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB), and the Saudi Development Fund (SDF).

Maripov acknowledged that there are significant untapped potentials between their countries in trade, industry, agriculture, investment, joint ventures, energy, green economy, health care, education, and tourism.

He noted that the volume of trade exchange between the two countries is small, but there is an opportunity to increase it.

Trade exchange in 2021 reached more than $500,000, while it was about $4 million before the coronavirus pandemic.

The first Saudi-Kyrgyz business forum was held in Riyadh in February to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the two countries.

The two sides also signed agreements, Maripov said, announcing that another business forum will be held this summer in Kyrgyzstan along with the business council of both countries.

The ambassador indicated that tourism boosts trade relations, noting that Arab tourists regularly visit Kyrgyzstan.

A visa-waiver system has been established, with 8,000 Saudi tourists visiting Kyrgyzstan annually.

Maripov pointed out that direct charter flights between the two countries began in February.

Separately, President Japarov announced earlier this month the signing of an agreement between the Kyrgyz government and Canada's Centerra Gold to resolve disputes over the management of the gold mining company.

According to the document, the Kyrgyz government wholly owns the Kumtor gold mine.

Maripov stated that Kumtor is valued at $3 billion and can generate revenues amounting to $5 billion in the next decade, based on experts' estimates.

He concluded that between 160 and 200 tons of gold would be extracted from the mine, benefiting and supporting the country's budget.

Regarding the impact of the Russian-Ukrainian crisis on his country's economy, Maripov said Kyrgyzstan is following with concern the developments in Ukraine.

Maripov explained that Moscow is his country's largest trade and economic partner, which means that Kyrgyzstan has been affected by the sanctions against Russia and many regional countries have already started to suffer.

The diplomat indicated that Kyrgyzstan is concerned about its food and energy security, while fluctuations in food prices have already been observed, noting that it is still unknown how the costs of energy supplies will change.



China's BYD Poised to Overtake Tesla in 2025 EV Sales

The Tesla logo is seen in this illustration taken July 23, 2025. (Reuters)
The Tesla logo is seen in this illustration taken July 23, 2025. (Reuters)
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China's BYD Poised to Overtake Tesla in 2025 EV Sales

The Tesla logo is seen in this illustration taken July 23, 2025. (Reuters)
The Tesla logo is seen in this illustration taken July 23, 2025. (Reuters)

Growing Chinese auto giant BYD stands poised to officially surpass Tesla as the world's biggest electric vehicle company in annual sales.

The two groups are expected soon to publish their final figures for 2025, and based on sales data so far this year, there is almost no chance the American company led by Elon Musk will retain its leadership position.

At the end of November, Shenzhen-based BYD, which also produces hybrid vehicles, had sold 2.07 million EVs so far in 2025.

Tesla, for its part, had sold 1.22 million by the end of September.

Tesla's September figures included a one-time boost in sales, to nearly half-a-million vehicles in a three-month period, before the expiration of a US tax credit for buyers of electric vehicles -- which ended under legislation backed by President Donald Trump, a climate change skeptic.

But Tesla's sales in the coming quarter are expected to fall to 449,000, according to a FactSet analysis consensus. That would give Tesla about 1.65 million sales for all of 2025, a drop of 7.7 percent and well below the level BYD had attained by end November.

Deutsche Bank, which projects just 405,000 Tesla EV sales during the fourth quarter, sees the company's sales down by around one-third in both North America and Europe, and by one-tenth in China.

- Transition period -

Industry watchers say it will take time for EV demand to reach a level of equilibrium in the United States following the elimination of the $7,500 US tax credit at the end of September 2025.

Even prior to that, Tesla had seen sales struggle in key markets over CEO Musk's political support of Trump and other far-right politicians. Tesla has also faced rising EV competition from BYD and other Chinese companies and from European giants.

"We believe Tesla will see some weakness on deliveries" in the fourth quarter, said Dan Ives of Wedbush Securities.

Sales of 420,000 would be "good enough to show stable demand," with Wall Street "laser focused on the autonomous chapter kicking off in 2026," Ives added, referring to plans for self-driving vehicles.

Even as it has grown quickly, BYD has faced challenges in its home market.

With profitability in China weighed down by price-wary consumers, the company has sought to strengthen its foothold in foreign markets.

BYD is "one of the pioneers to establish overseas production capacity and supply chains for EVs," Jing Yang, Director of Asia-Pacific Corporate Ratings at Fitch Ratings, told AFP.

"Going forward, its geographical diversification is likely to help it to navigate an increasingly complicated global tariff environment," said Yang.

Overseas rivals to BYD have balked at Chinese state subsidies and other state supports that have allowed the company to sell vehicles cheaply.

Trump's predecessor Joe Biden imposed 100 percent tariffs on Chinese EV imports that could potentially go even higher under Trump. Europe has also imposed tariffs on Chinese imports, but BYD is building manufacturing capacity in Hungary.

While the chance of Tesla reclaiming its global leadership in EVs looks uncertain, the American company is also potentially positioned for growth.

Michaeli of TD Cowen sees autonomous technology playing an increasingly important role for Tesla, with breakthroughs in its "full self-driving" or "FSD" offerings potentially boosting sales.

"As Tesla really begins to roll out eyes-off features and expand FSDs capability, if they do that successfully, that should generate more demand for their vehicles," Michaeli said.

Musk has said the Cybercab, an autonomous robotaxi model, will begin production in April 2026. The company has also unveiled lower-priced versions of the Models 3 and Y that could boost sales.


China Says to Launch Digital Currency Action Plan

People walk past a shopping mall in Beijing on December 28, 2025. (AFP)
People walk past a shopping mall in Beijing on December 28, 2025. (AFP)
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China Says to Launch Digital Currency Action Plan

People walk past a shopping mall in Beijing on December 28, 2025. (AFP)
People walk past a shopping mall in Beijing on December 28, 2025. (AFP)

China will on January 1 launch an "action plan" for boosting management and operations of its digital currency, a deputy governor of the country's central bank said Monday.

"The future digital yuan will be a modern digital payment and circulation means issued and circulated within the financial system," People's Bank of China (PBoC) Deputy Governor Lu Lei wrote in Financial News, a media outlet under the central bank.

In the next step towards that goal, a "new generation" arrangement for digital yuan will be launched on January 1, Lu said, encompassing a "measurement framework, management system, operating mechanism and ecosystem".

The "action plan" will see banks pay interest on balances held by clients in digital yuan -- a move to incentivize broader adoption of the currency.

The plan also includes a proposal to establish an international digital yuan operations center in the eastern financial hub of Shanghai, the report said.

Monetary authorities around the world have in recent years been exploring ways to digitalize currencies, propelled by a boom in online payments during the pandemic and the increased popularity of cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin.

The PBoC has been working on a digital currency since 2014 and has been testing the use of a "digital yuan" or "e-CNY" in various pilot programs.

Consumers across the country already widely use mobile and online payments, but the digital yuan could allow the central bank -- rather than the big tech giants -- access to more data and control over payments.


Bulgaria Prepares for the Euro amid Excitement and Skepticism

People shop in a Lidl store, as prices are displayed in both the Bulgarian lev and euro currencies, ahead of Bulgaria's adoption of the euro on January 1, 2026, in Sofia, Bulgaria, December 18, 2025. (Reuters)
People shop in a Lidl store, as prices are displayed in both the Bulgarian lev and euro currencies, ahead of Bulgaria's adoption of the euro on January 1, 2026, in Sofia, Bulgaria, December 18, 2025. (Reuters)
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Bulgaria Prepares for the Euro amid Excitement and Skepticism

People shop in a Lidl store, as prices are displayed in both the Bulgarian lev and euro currencies, ahead of Bulgaria's adoption of the euro on January 1, 2026, in Sofia, Bulgaria, December 18, 2025. (Reuters)
People shop in a Lidl store, as prices are displayed in both the Bulgarian lev and euro currencies, ahead of Bulgaria's adoption of the euro on January 1, 2026, in Sofia, Bulgaria, December 18, 2025. (Reuters)

Bulgarian banks, businesses and shoppers were preparing this week to say goodbye to ​the lev currency ahead of a move to adopt the euro on January 1, a long-awaited milestone met with excitement, skepticism and, in some corners, anger.

Bulgaria, a Black Sea country on the European Union's southeast frontier, will be the 21st country to join the euro currency zone after it met the formal entry criteria this year, including for inflation, budget deficit, long-term borrowing costs and exchange-rate stability.

It comes two years after Croatia joined in January 2023 - the last country to do so - and ‌will push ‌the number of Europeans using the currency to more ‌than ⁠350 ​million. Becoming a ‌member of the euro zone, apart from using euro notes and coins, also means a seat at the European Central Bank's rate-setting Governing Council.

While successive Bulgarian governments have tried to make the step since joining the EU in 2007, the Balkan country of 6.7 million people is split on the issue, polls show, although businesses are largely in favor.

SUSPICIONS AMONG SOME BULGARIANS

Some fear it will push up prices, or are suspicious of ⁠a domestic political establishment in the throes of a crisis that saw the government step down this month ‌amid widespread protests against proposed tax increases.

In a country with ‍historic cultural and political ties to Russia, ‍many are wary of further allegiance to Europe.

“I am against it, first ‍because the lev is our national currency," said Sofia pensioner Emil Ivanov, interviewed while shopping. "Secondly, Europe is heading towards demise, which even the American president (Donald Trump) mentioned in the new national security strategy.

"I may not be alive when this (the EU's demise) happens but that is where everything ​is going."

BUSINESSES HAVE BEEN PREPARING

Some political analysts said the campaign promoting the euro has been weak, and that older people, especially in ⁠remote areas, will struggle to adapt. They said a lack of stable government may further complicate the change.

Still, in the streets and stores of Sofia, businesses have been preparing. Prices of everything from fruit to bottles of wine are displayed in both levs and euros. Government-funded billboards show the euro-lev exchange rate with a message saying: "Common past. Common future. Common currency." Television adverts have also flagged the coming change.

Some have welcomed the move. "Not only older people but also all young people can easily travel using euros instead of having to exchange currency," said Veselina Apostovlova, a pensioner shopping in Sofia.

Businesses that sell goods across borders were also supportive.

Natalia Gadjeva, owner of the Dragomir Estate Winery in the Thracian ‌Valley, told Reuters: "For me, the most important thing is that all operations involving currency conversion and reissuing invoices in euros and then in levs will be eliminated."