Somalia Loses its Shakespeare, Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame

Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame.
Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame.
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Somalia Loses its Shakespeare, Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame

Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame.
Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame.

Somalia lives in an ongoing path of tragedies, and the latest was an attack led by Harakat al-Shabaab militant group on a hotel in Mogadishu. Still, the death of Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame, known as “Hadrawi”, aged 79, on Thursday hit hard in the whole country.

This reaction was not surprising, Hadrawi has long been known as one of Somalia’s greatest poets, according to a mourning article in The Guardian newspaper. Warsame wasn’t only esteemed because of his poetry, but because he was always closely related to his country’s causes, from a young age. Prison and oppression never broke him or prevented him from writing for peace and democracy.

In 1973, he was jailed by former president Mohamed Siad Barre, for five years. He was accused of incitement against the government, his works were banned, but he kept writing poetry, and his works were secretly published and distributed.

The songs and poems he wrote were full of metaphors, so they were hard to control by the military regime.

In the early 1990s, during a civil war that killed thousands of Somalians, Hadrawi traveled the country in a “peace itinerary”, calling the different warring parties to reject violence. His reconciliation message was welcomed among Somalians inside the country and abroad.

“Poet Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame (Hadrawi) was a symbol of unity and peace. He was a major pillar in Somalia’s arts and literature, and played a pioneering role in preserving the Somalian culture and enhancing our language. All Somalian families are mourning him today,” said President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud in mourning the late poet.

Salah Ahmed, poet, playwright, and Somalian language professor at the US Minnesota University, said: “We will always be proud of the abundant poetic, cultural, and academic heritage he left.”

The European Union, Norway, and the United Kingdom sent condolence messages to the Somalian government.

“Hadrawi wasn’t Somalia’s Shakespeare, but Somalia's Hadrawi. He was more than a poet, he was a philosopher, and a fighter for freedom. He spent many years in jail because he opposed oppression and tyranny,” said Somalian singer and composer Aar Maanta about Hadrawi.

“He wrote some of the best love songs, and poems that Somalians in the Horn of Africa region adored and believed in,” he noted.

Ahmed, who knew Warsame since the late 1960s, said that “Hadrawi was one of the kindest people I have ever met. His poems spoke for those who didn’t have a voice…we will miss him, but we will always be proud of the academic heritage he left.”

Somalia is known as the “nation of poets”, but its heritage has remained vocal, as the Somalian language was written once, in 1927.



Cute carnivores: Bloodthirsty California Squirrels Go Nuts for Vole Meat

This handout photo obtained from the University of California on December 18, 2024, shows ground squirrels eating voles in Davis, California. Sonja Wild / University of California, Davis/AFP
This handout photo obtained from the University of California on December 18, 2024, shows ground squirrels eating voles in Davis, California. Sonja Wild / University of California, Davis/AFP
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Cute carnivores: Bloodthirsty California Squirrels Go Nuts for Vole Meat

This handout photo obtained from the University of California on December 18, 2024, shows ground squirrels eating voles in Davis, California. Sonja Wild / University of California, Davis/AFP
This handout photo obtained from the University of California on December 18, 2024, shows ground squirrels eating voles in Davis, California. Sonja Wild / University of California, Davis/AFP

Squirrels might look like adorable, nut-hoarding furballs, but some are ruthless predators that hunt, tear apart, and devour voles.
That's the startling finding of a new study published Wednesday in the Journal of Ethology -- the first to document widespread carnivorous behavior in these seemingly innocent creatures.
"There is always something new to learn and wild animals continue to surprise us," lead author Jennifer E. Smith, an associate professor of biology at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire told AFP.
"In a changing world with many technological advances, there is no replacement for direct observation of natural history, including watching the squirrels and birds that often visit our backyards."
The observations were made this summer, during the 12th year of a long-term study conducted at Briones Regional Park in Contra Costa County, California.
Between June and July, researchers recorded 74 interactions involving California ground squirrels and voles, with 42 percent of them involving active hunting of their fellow rodents.
Co-author Sonja Wild, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of California, Davis, admitted she was initially skeptical of the reports brought to her by undergraduate students who first witnessed the behavior.
"I could barely believe my eyes," said Wild. But "once we started looking, we saw it everywhere."
It was previously known that as many as 30 species of squirrels opportunistically consume meat, ranging from small fish to birds. However, it was unclear whether this behavior stemmed from scavenging or active predation.
The new study is the first to confirm that hunting is, in fact, a common behavior.
Researchers observed squirrels crouching low to the ground before ambushing their prey, though more often, they chased voles, pounced, and delivered a neck bite followed by vigorous shaking.
The study also found that the squirrels' carnivorous behavior peaked during the first two weeks of July, coinciding with a surge in vole populations reported by citizen scientists on the iNaturalist app.
Other animals, such as raccoons, coyotes, and spotted hyenas, have been known to adapt their hunting strategies in response to human-induced changes in their environments.
"In a changing world, it can be daunting to consider all of the challenges that human presence, habitat loss, and climate change impose on animals," said Smith.
"Our study offers an exciting silver lining, demonstrating the incredible flexibility that some animals possess."
Several questions still remain unanswered.
Researchers hope to investigate how widespread hunting behavior is among squirrel species, whether it is passed down from parents to pups, and how it affects their broader ecosystems.