Authors, Publishers Dub RIBF 2022 as ‘Icon’ of Arab Book Fairs

The Riyadh International Book Fair (RIBF) 2022 has become an important and remarkable cultural phenomenon (Photo Credit: Ali Al Dhaheri)
The Riyadh International Book Fair (RIBF) 2022 has become an important and remarkable cultural phenomenon (Photo Credit: Ali Al Dhaheri)
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Authors, Publishers Dub RIBF 2022 as ‘Icon’ of Arab Book Fairs

The Riyadh International Book Fair (RIBF) 2022 has become an important and remarkable cultural phenomenon (Photo Credit: Ali Al Dhaheri)
The Riyadh International Book Fair (RIBF) 2022 has become an important and remarkable cultural phenomenon (Photo Credit: Ali Al Dhaheri)

The Riyadh International Book Fair (RIBF) 2022, which ends this Saturday, has witnessed remarkable participation by a wide array of publishing houses from different countries as it continues to serve as a hub for local, Arab, and foreign publishers.

Asharq Al-Awsat surveyed several publishing house owners, authors, and visitors, all of whom had agreed that the book festival represents a cultural phenomenon and an icon of Arab exhibitions.

“The first feature that gives book fairs their value is the wide spaces and high ceilings through which knowledge moves, and this is what I saw at the RIBF,” Saudi author Omaima al-Khamis told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“The Culture Ministry, in organizing the exhibition, follows that sharp yet delicate path that separates the profound, astonishing, authentic cultural production that is inspired by the spirit of humanity, and the vulgar, ridiculous consumer product that is subject to the laws of the market,” she explained.

Saudi lawyer, writer, author, and publisher Muhammad Al-Mushawah labeled the RIBF as iconic.

“The RIBF is an icon of Arab exhibitions and has produced numerous publications in its days,” said Al-Mushawah.

Al-Mushawah shed light on the festival attracting many visitors and enjoying a great purchasing power. He also spoke of the organizers’ efforts to continuously develop the RIBF.

“Those who organize this exhibition are undoubtedly making great efforts to present the exhibition in a proper way, and every year we notice and witness important and comprehensive developmental changes for the exhibition,” Al-Mushawah told Asharq Al-Awsat.

“Saudis are known to be an audience of devoted readers and critics. These qualities are rarely found in many of the audiences visiting exhibitions,” he added, praising the distinguished nature of the Saudi reader and the present audience at the RIBF.

A main aim of the festival is to promote and develop a shared passion for reading in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the book fair hosts a huge variety of cultural programs like meet-and-greets with writers, poets and intellectuals from all over the region.



Killer Whales Spotted Grooming Each Other with Seaweed

This handout frame grab taken from video footage provided by whale rescue group Organization for the Rescue and Research of Cetaceans in Australia (ORRCA) on June 9, 2025 shows a distressed humpback whale tangled in a rope swimming south of Sydney Harbour. (Photo by Handout and Clay Sweetman / ORRCA / AFP)
This handout frame grab taken from video footage provided by whale rescue group Organization for the Rescue and Research of Cetaceans in Australia (ORRCA) on June 9, 2025 shows a distressed humpback whale tangled in a rope swimming south of Sydney Harbour. (Photo by Handout and Clay Sweetman / ORRCA / AFP)
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Killer Whales Spotted Grooming Each Other with Seaweed

This handout frame grab taken from video footage provided by whale rescue group Organization for the Rescue and Research of Cetaceans in Australia (ORRCA) on June 9, 2025 shows a distressed humpback whale tangled in a rope swimming south of Sydney Harbour. (Photo by Handout and Clay Sweetman / ORRCA / AFP)
This handout frame grab taken from video footage provided by whale rescue group Organization for the Rescue and Research of Cetaceans in Australia (ORRCA) on June 9, 2025 shows a distressed humpback whale tangled in a rope swimming south of Sydney Harbour. (Photo by Handout and Clay Sweetman / ORRCA / AFP)

Killer whales have been caught on video breaking off pieces of seaweed to rub and groom each other, scientists announced Monday, in what they said is the first evidence of marine mammals making their own tools.

Humans are far from being the only member of the animal kingdom that has mastered using tools. Chimpanzees fashion sticks to fish for termites, crows create hooked twigs to catch grubs and elephants swat flies with branches.

Tool-use in the world's difficult-to-study oceans is rarer, however sea otters are known to smash open shellfish with rocks, while octopuses can make mobile homes out of coconut shells.

A study published in the journal Current Biology describes a new example of tool use by a critically endangered population of orcas., AFP reported.

Scientists have been monitoring the southern resident killer whales in the Salish Sea, between Canada's British Columbia and the US state of Washington, for more than 50 years.

Rachel John, a Masters student at Exeter University in the UK, told a press conference that she first noticed "something kind of weird" going on while watching drone camera footage last year.

The researchers went back over old footage and were surprised to find this behavior is quite common, documenting 30 examples over eight days.

One whale would use its teeth to break off a piece of bull kelp, which is strong but flexible like a garden hose.

It would then put the kelp between its body and the body of another whale, and they would rub it between them for several minutes.

The pair forms an "S" shape to keep the seaweed positioned between their bodies as they roll around.

Whales are already known to frolic through seaweed in a practice called "kelping".

They are thought to do this partly for fun, partly to use the seaweed to scrub their bodies to remove dead skin.

The international team of researchers called the new behavior "allokelping," which means kelping with another whale.

They found that killer whales with more dead skin were more likely to engage in the activity, cautioning that it was a small sample size.

Whales also tended to pair up with family members or others of a similar age, suggesting the activity has a social element.

The scientists said it was the first known example of a marine mammal manufacturing a tool.

Janet Mann, a biologist at Georgetown University not involved in the study, praised the research but said it "went a bit too far" in some of its claims.

Bottlenose dolphins that use marine sponges to trawl for prey could also be considered to be manufacturing tools, she told AFP.

And it could be argued that other whales known to use nets of bubbles or plumes of mud to hunt represent tool-use benefitting multiple individuals, another first claimed in the paper, Mann said.

Michael Weiss, research director at the Center for Whale Research and the study's lead author, said it appeared to be just the latest example of socially learned behavior among animals that could be considered "culture".

But the number of southern resident killer whales has dwindled to just 73, meaning we could soon lose this unique cultural tradition, he warned.

"If they disappear, we're never getting any of that back," he said.

The whales mainly eat Chinook salmon, whose numbers have plummeted due to overfishing, climate change, habitat destruction and other forms of human interference.

The orcas and salmon are not alone -- undersea kelp forests have also been devastated as ocean temperatures rise.

Unless something changes, the outlook for southern resident killer whales is "very bleak," Weiss warned.