Star Soprano Renee Fleming Returns to Met Opera with 'The Hours'

File Photo: Soprano Renee Fleming sings the US National Anthem prior to the NFL Super Bowl XLVIII football game between the Denver Broncos and the Seattle Seahawks in East Rutherford, New Jersey, February 2, 2014. REUTERS/Carlo Allegri
File Photo: Soprano Renee Fleming sings the US National Anthem prior to the NFL Super Bowl XLVIII football game between the Denver Broncos and the Seattle Seahawks in East Rutherford, New Jersey, February 2, 2014. REUTERS/Carlo Allegri
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Star Soprano Renee Fleming Returns to Met Opera with 'The Hours'

File Photo: Soprano Renee Fleming sings the US National Anthem prior to the NFL Super Bowl XLVIII football game between the Denver Broncos and the Seattle Seahawks in East Rutherford, New Jersey, February 2, 2014. REUTERS/Carlo Allegri
File Photo: Soprano Renee Fleming sings the US National Anthem prior to the NFL Super Bowl XLVIII football game between the Denver Broncos and the Seattle Seahawks in East Rutherford, New Jersey, February 2, 2014. REUTERS/Carlo Allegri

A powerhouse trio of American song will interpret the voice of Virginia Woolf on New York's prestigious Metropolitan Opera stage, as the highly anticipated run of "The Hours" makes its world premiere Tuesday.

The Pulitzer Prize-winning novel and Oscar-nominated film explores how threads of English writer Woolf's "Mrs. Dalloway" tie three women of different generations together, and its darkly moving operatic adaption offers a new vision of the drama that probes themes including mental illness and the alienation from tradition that haunts its protagonists, AFP said.

The production began with a pitch from Renee Fleming, widely considered the leading American soprano of her generation, whose role as the show's Clarissa Vaughan marks her return to the Met after bidding adieu to her trademark role in Strauss' "Der Rosenkavalier" in 2017.

"It was perfect for opera because of the complexity of the dealing with three periods," Fleming said of "The Hours," whose music was written by the Pulitzer Prize-winning composer Kevin Puts.

"Music gives a kind of a river, on which we can all sort of float -- together or separately," Fleming said of the three-pronged production.

Fleming's Vaughan -- a 1990s-era New Yorker who mirrors the character Clarissa Dalloway, and whose plotline centers on her party-planning for a friend, a renowned poet dying of AIDs -- is joined onstage by the Broadway and opera star Kelli O'Hara, who performs as the depressed 1950s housewife Laura Brown.

Grammy-winning mezzo-soprano Joyce DiDonato plays the struggling Woolf herself.

"The possibilities were so exciting," composer Puts told AFP, saying that "what you can do in music that you can't really accomplish in a film or a book is that you can begin to present the three stories... simultaneously."

"The idea of introducing those stories musically and then gradually bringing them together, until maybe all three of the leading ladies would sing trios together, was a really exciting idea," Puts continued.

"I loved the book so much, and I felt like I had the musical vocabulary for it."

- Extraordinary women -
For Fleming -- who prior to collaborating with Puts on "The Hours" was putting on a song cycle by the composer, which drew from the writings of the artist Georgia O'Keefe -- part of the appeal of both that project and her latest venture was to tell stories of powerful women.

"Too many times in opera, historically, women have been sort of pawns," she told AFP. "They've been victims, they've been really at the center of power struggles when they have no power or no agency."

"I want to tell stories now about women who are extraordinary."

Along with the force of the show's vocals, "The Hours" integrates modern dance in a way not often seen in traditional opera houses, with dozens of performers physically manifesting the characters' emotions.

Choreographer Annie-B Parson -- who's worked with the likes of Mikhail Baryshnikov, David Byrne and David Bowie -- told AFP her process is generally "less about narrative, more about the worlds that I'm trying to create."

"We spent a lot of choreographic currency on how to animate and inhabit the actual physical set and the moving parts," she said; the Met's stage is one of the most technologically advanced in the world, allowing for complex sets including at different levels.

"I liked the idea that these dancer beings would be the sinew -- the interstitial, physical animation of the set," Parson said.

Fleming said productions like "The Hours" can play a vital role in freshening the opera experience and drawing in new audiences, a major goal the Met has been working towards including by staging Terence Blanchard's "Fire Shut Up In My Bones" last year.

The soprano emphasized the need to continue bringing in composers of diverse backgrounds and giving women more and larger creative roles.

The Grammy-winning performer herself was the first woman in the Met's history to solo headline a season opening night gala, in 2008.

"All of our art forms really need to represent our population," Fleming said.

"The Hours" runs at Manhattan's Metropolitan Opera from November 22 through December 15.



The Real-Life Violence That Inspired South Korea’s ‘Squid Game'

Riot police march in front of the main building of Ssangyong Motor in Pyeongtaek, 70km south of Seoul, on August 6, 2009. (AFP)
Riot police march in front of the main building of Ssangyong Motor in Pyeongtaek, 70km south of Seoul, on August 6, 2009. (AFP)
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The Real-Life Violence That Inspired South Korea’s ‘Squid Game'

Riot police march in front of the main building of Ssangyong Motor in Pyeongtaek, 70km south of Seoul, on August 6, 2009. (AFP)
Riot police march in front of the main building of Ssangyong Motor in Pyeongtaek, 70km south of Seoul, on August 6, 2009. (AFP)

A factory turned into a battlefield, riot police armed with tasers and an activist who spent 100 days atop a chimney -- the unrest that inspired Netflix's most successful show ever has all the hallmarks of a TV drama.

This month sees the release of the second season of "Squid Game", a dystopian vision of South Korea where desperate people compete in deadly versions of traditional children's games for a massive cash prize.

But while the show itself is a work of fiction, Hwang Dong-hyuk, its director and writer, has said the experiences of the main character Gi-hun, a laid-off worker, were inspired by the violent Ssangyong strikes in 2009.

"I wanted to show that any ordinary middle-class person in the world we live in today can fall to the bottom of the economic ladder overnight," he has said.

In May 2009, Ssangyong, a struggling car giant taken over by a consortium of banks and private investors, announced it was laying off more than 2,600 people, or nearly 40 percent of its workforce.

That was the beginning of an occupation of the factory and a 77-day strike that ended in clashes between strikers armed with slingshots and steel pipes and riot police wielding rubber bullets and tasers.

Many union members were severely beaten and some were jailed.

- 'Many lost their lives' -

The conflict did not end there.

Five years later, union leader Lee Chang-kun held a sit-in for 100 days on top of one of the factory's chimneys to protest a sentence in favor of Ssangyong against the strikers.

He was supplied with food from a basket attached to a rope by supporters and endured hallucinations of a tent rope transformed into a writhing snake.

Some who experienced the unrest struggled to discuss "Squid Game" because of the trauma they endured, Lee told AFP.

The repercussions of the strike, compounded by protracted legal battles, caused significant financial and mental strain for workers and their families, resulting in around 30 deaths by suicide and stress-related issues, Lee said.

"Many have lost their lives. People had to suffer for too long," he said.

He vividly remembers the police helicopters circling overhead, creating intense winds that ripped away workers' raincoats.

Lee said he felt he could not give up.

"We were seen as incompetent breadwinners and outdated labor activists who had lost their minds," he said.

"Police kept beating us even after we fell unconscious -- this happened at our workplace, and it was broadcast for so many to see."

Lee said he had been moved by scenes in the first season of "Squid Game" where Gi-hun struggles not to betray his fellow competitors.

But he wished the show had spurred real-life change for workers in a country marked by economic inequality, tense industrial relations and deeply polarized politics.

"Despite being widely discussed and consumed, it is disappointing that we have not channeled these conversations into more beneficial outcomes," he said.

- 'Shadow of state violence' -

The success of "Squid Game" in 2021 left him feeling "empty and frustrated".

"At the time, it felt like the story of the Ssangyong workers had been reduced to a commodity in the series," Lee told AFP.

"Squid Game", the streaming platform's most-watched series of all time, is seen as embodying the country's rise to a global cultural powerhouse, part of the "Korean wave" alongside the Oscar-winning "Parasite" and K-pop stars such as BTS.

But its second season comes as the Asian democracy finds itself embroiled in some of its worst political turmoil in decades, triggered by conservative President Yoon Suk Yeol's failed bid to impose martial law this month.

Yoon has since been impeached and suspended from duties pending a ruling by the Constitutional Court.

That declaration of martial law risked sending the Korean wave "into the abyss", around 3,000 people in the film industry, including "Parasite" director Bong Joon-ho, said in a letter following Yoon's shocking decision.

Vladimir Tikhonov, a Korean studies professor at the University of Oslo, told AFP that some of South Korea's most successful cultural products highlight state and capitalist violence.

"It is a noteworthy and interesting phenomenon -- we still live in the shadow of state violence, and this state violence is a recurrent theme in highly successful cultural products."