Sudanese Parties Expected to Sign New Deal on Civilian Rule

 Protesters march during a rally against military rule following the last coup, in Khartoum, Sudan November 23, 2022. (Reuters)
Protesters march during a rally against military rule following the last coup, in Khartoum, Sudan November 23, 2022. (Reuters)
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Sudanese Parties Expected to Sign New Deal on Civilian Rule

 Protesters march during a rally against military rule following the last coup, in Khartoum, Sudan November 23, 2022. (Reuters)
Protesters march during a rally against military rule following the last coup, in Khartoum, Sudan November 23, 2022. (Reuters)

The Sudanese military and the opposition Forces of Freedom and Change are expected on Monday to sign a new political framework agreement that would pave the way for the establishment of civilian rule in the country.

International and regional figures have been invited to attend the signing ceremony that will be held at the presidential palace in Khartoum.

Sudanese head of the Sovereign Council Abdul Fattah al-Burhan is expected to be present, along with his deputy Mohamed Hamdan “Hemedti” Dagalo and other military figures. Leaders of the Forces of Freedom and Change and other figures are set to attend.

The “tripartite mechanism” that includes the United Nations, African Union, and Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), as well as the “quartet” that includes Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, the US and UK, will be present at the ceremony.

Leading member of the Forces of Freedom and Change Al-Wathiq Al-Barir told Asharq Al-Awsat that other political forces and groups that support the democratic transition will be able to join and sign the “political declaration” at a later time.

He said the Justice and Equality Movement, led by Gibril Ibrahim, and the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army, led by Minni Minnawi, still refuse to join the declaration.

They can join at any time, added Al-Barir.

The Forces of Freedom and Change said on Sunday the articles of the political declaration are clear in achieving the goals of the December 2019 revolution and the transition towards civilian democratic rule.

It vowed to exert all efforts to unite civilian forces that are keen on ending military rule. It pledged to establish a new constitution and reach a final agreement that would pave the way for implementing the objectives of the revolution and transition in achieving justice and dismantling the regime of ousted President Omar al-Bashir.

It vowed to carry out security and military reforms and outline their duties in the civilian democratic state.

Meanwhile, authorities released prominent politician Wagdi Salih, who was the forefront of an anti-corruption committee tasked with dismantling Bashir's regime.



Israel, Hamas Poised for Third Hostage-prisoner Exchange

An Israeli police officer looks on as a Red Cross vehicle is seen near the Israeli military prison, Ofer, on the day Israel releases Palestinian prisoners as part of a hostages-prisoners swap and a ceasefire deal in Gaza between Hamas and Israel, near Ramallah in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, January 19, 2025. (Reuters)
An Israeli police officer looks on as a Red Cross vehicle is seen near the Israeli military prison, Ofer, on the day Israel releases Palestinian prisoners as part of a hostages-prisoners swap and a ceasefire deal in Gaza between Hamas and Israel, near Ramallah in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, January 19, 2025. (Reuters)
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Israel, Hamas Poised for Third Hostage-prisoner Exchange

An Israeli police officer looks on as a Red Cross vehicle is seen near the Israeli military prison, Ofer, on the day Israel releases Palestinian prisoners as part of a hostages-prisoners swap and a ceasefire deal in Gaza between Hamas and Israel, near Ramallah in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, January 19, 2025. (Reuters)
An Israeli police officer looks on as a Red Cross vehicle is seen near the Israeli military prison, Ofer, on the day Israel releases Palestinian prisoners as part of a hostages-prisoners swap and a ceasefire deal in Gaza between Hamas and Israel, near Ramallah in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, January 19, 2025. (Reuters)

Israel and Hamas were set to carry out their third hostage-prisoner exchange on Thursday, with three Israelis and five Thai captives slated for release as part of a ceasefire deal aimed at ending the Gaza war.

A fourth exchange is scheduled for the weekend, but Hamas accused Israel on Wednesday of jeopardizing the deal by holding up aid deliveries, an allegation Israel dismissed as "fake news".

The office of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu identified the three Israelis to be released Thursday as Arbel Yehud, Agam Berger and Gadi Moses, adding that five Thai citizens held in Gaza would also be freed.

In a statement Wednesday evening, the Moses family said it had "received with great excitement the wonderful news of our beloved Gadi's return".

The ceasefire that took effect on January 19 hinges on the release of Israeli hostages taken during Hamas's October 7, 2023 attack, in exchange for 1,900 people -- mostly Palestinians -- being held in Israeli custody.

Hamas has so far released seven hostages, with 290 prisoners freed in exchange.

Israel is to release 110 prisoners, 30 of them minors, in exchange for the three Israelis to be released on Thursday, the Palestinian Prisoners' Club advocacy group said.

The next swap on Saturday will see three Israeli men released, according to Netanyahu's office.

Aid trucks

The truce deal has allowed truckloads of aid into the devastated Gaza Strip, where the war has created a long-running humanitarian crisis.

But two senior Hamas officials accused Israel of slowing down aid deliveries, with one citing items key to Gaza's recovery such as fuel, tents, heavy machinery and other equipment.

"According to the agreement, these materials were supposed to enter during the first week of the ceasefire," one official said.

"We warn that continued delays and failure to address these points will affect the natural progression of the agreement, including the prisoner exchange."

Israel hit back at the accusation, with a spokesman for COGAT, the Israeli defense ministry body that oversees civilian affairs in the Palestinian territories, calling it "totally fake news".

Between Sunday and 1100 GMT on Wednesday, "3,000 trucks entered Gaza", the spokesman said.

"The agreement says it should be 4,200 in seven days," he added.

As the text of the agreement -- mediated by Qatar, Egypt and the United States -- between the warring parties has not been made public, AFP was not able to verify its terms on aid.

Both Hamas officials said representatives of the group had raised the issue during a meeting with Egyptian officials in Cairo on Wednesday.

Forced displacement an 'injustice'

The ceasefire deal is currently in its first 42-day phase, which should see 33 hostages freed.

Next, the parties are due to start discussing a long-term end to the war.

The third and final phase of the deal should see the reconstruction of Gaza as well as the return of the bodies of any remaining dead hostages.

US President Donald Trump has repeatedly claimed credit for sealing the agreement despite it taking effect just ahead of his inauguration, and his Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff, who took part in the talks, met with Netanyahu in Israel on Wednesday

Trump has invited Netanyahu to the White House on February 4, according to the premier's office.

After the truce took effect, Trump touted a plan to "clean out" the Gaza Strip, calling for Palestinians to relocate to neighboring countries such as Egypt or Jordan.

The idea has faced strong backlash from both countries, as well as from European governments.

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi said Wednesday that the forced displacement of Palestinians was an "injustice that we cannot take part in".

Jordan's King Abdullah II, meanwhile, stressed "the need to keep the Palestinians on their land and to guarantee their legitimate rights, in accordance with the Israeli and Palestinian two-state solution".

More than 376,000 displaced Palestinians have gone back to northern Gaza since Israel reopened access earlier this week, according to the UN humanitarian office OCHA, with many returning to little more than rubble.

"My house is destroyed," 33-year-old Mohammed Al-Faleh told AFP. "This morning, we built a small room with two walls made from the remains of our home. There is no cement, so I used mud.

"We are facing great difficulties," he added. "The biggest problem is that there is no water -- all the water wells are destroyed. Food aid is reaching Gaza... but there is no gas or electricity. We bake bread on a fire fueled by wood and nylon."