Egyptian-Uzbek Agreement on Resolving GERD Dispute

The Egyptian and Uzbek presidents during a press conference in Cairo. (Egyptian Presidency)
The Egyptian and Uzbek presidents during a press conference in Cairo. (Egyptian Presidency)
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Egyptian-Uzbek Agreement on Resolving GERD Dispute

The Egyptian and Uzbek presidents during a press conference in Cairo. (Egyptian Presidency)
The Egyptian and Uzbek presidents during a press conference in Cairo. (Egyptian Presidency)

Egyptian President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi has reiterated his country’s stance in seeking a legally-binding agreement regarding the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD).

During a joint press conference with his Uzbek counterpart Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Sisi asserted the importance of finding a solution to the long-running dispute caused by the GERD.

They underscored the significance of encouraging Ethiopia to sign a legally binding deal on the rules for filling and operating the dam.

There is an ongoing dispute between Egypt and Ethiopia because of the Renaissance Dam which Ethiopia built on the main tributary of the Nile River. Egypt fears that the GERD will have a negative impact on the country's water supply.

Joint talks have resulted in the signing of a set of agreements in various fields, including trade, industry, agriculture, and tourism. They also touched on bilateral ties and international and regional updates.

The Egyptian president said they have agreed to swiftly convene the Egyptian-Uzbek joint committee for economic cooperation as soon as possible, as well as to put the agreements signed between the two sides into practice.

The two leaders witnessed the inking of nine memorandums of understanding (MoUs) in various fields.

Moreover, they called for finding a political solution for international conflicts including the Palestinian cause and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict.

In a joint statement issued after the meeting, the presidents expressed “deep concern” about the spread of “terrorism”, which they described as “one of the most dangerous threats to humanity”.

They further condemned the use of religion to justify, support, or sponsor terrorism, affirming the importance of the role of the international community in coordinating to eliminate this phenomenon.

Sisi and Mirziyoyev also called for “uprooting terrorism networks and their safe havens and eliminating their infrastructure and financing channels.”

They highlighted the need to combat attempts by extremist organizations to use the internet and social media to recruit the youth.

Moreover, they agreed on the importance of stabilizing the situation in Afghanistan and the need to maintain assistance to the Afghan people.



Syrian Opposition Leader Says Lebanon Truce Opened Door to Aleppo Assault

An anti-regime fighter tears off a poster depicting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad (L) and his brother Maher at the airport in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo on December 2, 2024. (AFP)
An anti-regime fighter tears off a poster depicting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad (L) and his brother Maher at the airport in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo on December 2, 2024. (AFP)
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Syrian Opposition Leader Says Lebanon Truce Opened Door to Aleppo Assault

An anti-regime fighter tears off a poster depicting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad (L) and his brother Maher at the airport in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo on December 2, 2024. (AFP)
An anti-regime fighter tears off a poster depicting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad (L) and his brother Maher at the airport in the northern Syrian city of Aleppo on December 2, 2024. (AFP)

Syrian opposition fighters began preparations to seize Aleppo a year ago, but the operation was delayed by war in Gaza and ultimately launched last week when a ceasefire took hold in Lebanon, the head of Syria's main opposition abroad told Reuters.

The factions were able to seize the city and parts of neighboring Idlib province so quickly in part because Hezbollah and other Iran-backed fighters were distracted by their conflict with Israel, Hadi al-Bahra said in an interview on Monday.

The Turkish military, which is allied with some of the opposition and has bases across its southern border in Syria, had heard of the armed groups' plans but made clear it would play no direct role, he added.

The assault in northwestern Syria was launched last Wednesday, the day that Israel and Lebanese armed group Hezbollah began a truce ending more than a year of fighting.

"A year ago they started really training and mobilizing and taking it more seriously," said Bahra, president of the National Coalition of Syrian Revolution and Opposition Forces, the internationally-recognized Syrian opposition.

"But the war on Gaza ... then the war in Lebanon delayed it. They felt it wouldn't look good having the war in Lebanon at the same time they were fighting in Syria," he said in his Istanbul office, in the first public comments on the fighters’ preparations by an opposition figure.

"So the moment there was a ceasefire in Lebanon, they found that opportunity ... to start."

The opposition operation is the boldest advance and biggest challenge to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in years in a civil war where front lines had largely been frozen since 2020.

Syrian and allied Russian forces have launched counter attacks, which Bahra said are "destabilizing" Aleppo and Idlib and pose the biggest risk to civilians, given the earlier opposition advances had sought carefully to avoid such casualties.

IRAN, RUSSIA

The opposition retaking of Aleppo also paves the way for hundreds of thousands of Syrians displaced elsewhere in the country and in Türkiye to return home, Bahra said.

"Due to the Lebanese war and decrease in Hezbollah forces, (Assad's) regime has less support," he said, adding Iranian militias also have less resources while Russia is giving less air cover due to its "Ukraine problem".

Damascus, which is also backed by Iran, did not immediately comment on whether the opposition sought to avoid casualties and whether it risks destabilizing the region with air raids. Assad has vowed to crush the fighters and has launched air raids.

Iran-backed Hezbollah did not immediately comment on whether its war with Israel opened the door to Syrian opposition advances in Aleppo, where it also has personnel.

Tehran has pledged to aid the Syrian government and on Monday hundreds of fighters from Iran-backed Iraqi militias crossed into Syria to help fight the factions, Syrian and Iraqi sources said.

A Turkish defense ministry official said last week that Ankara was closely monitoring the mobilization and taking precautions for its troops.

The opposition fighters are a coalition of Türkiye-backed mainstream secular armed groups spearheaded by the Hayat Tahrir al-Sham group that has been designated a terrorist outfit by Türkiye, the US, Russia and other states.

Bahra's coalition, which does not include HTS, represents anti-Assad groups including the Türkiye-backed Syrian National Army or Free Syrian Army, which took territory north of Idlib over the last week.

It holds regular diplomatic talks with the United Nations and several states.