Russia Experiences Record Year in Oil, Gas

The company logo of Russian natural gas producer Gazprom is seen on an advertisement installed on the roof of a building in St. Petersburg, November 14, 2013. REUTERS/Alexander Demianchuk
The company logo of Russian natural gas producer Gazprom is seen on an advertisement installed on the roof of a building in St. Petersburg, November 14, 2013. REUTERS/Alexander Demianchuk
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Russia Experiences Record Year in Oil, Gas

The company logo of Russian natural gas producer Gazprom is seen on an advertisement installed on the roof of a building in St. Petersburg, November 14, 2013. REUTERS/Alexander Demianchuk
The company logo of Russian natural gas producer Gazprom is seen on an advertisement installed on the roof of a building in St. Petersburg, November 14, 2013. REUTERS/Alexander Demianchuk

The year 2017 witnessed record levels in oil and natural gas production and gas exports to Europe, which is the most important market for Russian gas.

Russia's successes have not stopped at this point as the country seeks to become a bigger player in the liquefied natural gas (LNG) market and export more crude oil and gas to China, the world's largest energy consumer.

The most important things in the energy sector currently between Russia and China are due to the Russian-Chinese rapprochement, which resulted in more pipelines between them and more crude oil exports, replacing Saudi Arabia as the top exporter to China.

With the beginning of 2018, the two countries doubled China’s ESPO crude import capacity to 30 million tons annually, or about 600,000 barrels a day.

The development of the ESPO crude network will help increase Russia's exports to Asia. The pipeline will directly supply China with oil from eastern Russia as well as a direct pipeline to the Russian port of Kozmino to export ESPO crude via ships to the rest of Asian countries.

Russia exported 54 million metric tons from January till November 2017 to China, 15.5 percent more compared to the same period in 2016.

Saudi Arabia, the world's most committed to cutting global output, remains second with China's imports of Saudi oil this year growing by 0.1 percent.

“Russia's gas exports to Europe and Turkey rose by 8.1 percent to a record high 193.9 billion cubic meters (bcm) in 2017,” head of Gazprom Alexei Miller said in a statement on Wednesday, despite EU efforts to cut its reliance on Russian energy.

Gazprom, run by Miller, a close ally of Russian President Vladimir Putin, supplies more than a third of the European Union's gas.

However, the European Commission has called on EU member states to curb their reliance on Russian energy following Moscow's 2014 annexation of Crimea from Ukraine and a clash over gas deliveries between Kiev and Moscow that saw Gazprom cut off supply.

Gazprom said its gas deliveries to its largest customer, Germany, jumped by 7.1 percent to 53.4 bcm last year, a new record high.

To help safeguard its market share, Gazprom has quietly agreed price deals with big customers and caved in to EU rules it once flouted. Gazprom sources said they have drawn lessons from recent defeats on the European gas market.

Lithuania, which began importing LNG from Norway in 2014 and became the first ex-Soviet state to buy US natural gas in August, refused to renew its contract in 2015.

The company faces more trouble, analysts said, as its major long-term contracts expire between 2021 and 2035. Poland, a gas client since 1944, has said it will not renew its contract in 2022.

On the other hand, Russian natural gas production rose to an all-time high in 2017, supported by increased exports to Europe as well as rising domestic demand.

Government data published Tuesday showed that output jumped 7.9 percent to beat a 2011 record.

With plans to expand into China and new liquefied natural gas plants, the country may close the gap on the US, which leapfrogged Russia to the top spot in global production of the fuel nine years ago, according to Bloomberg.

In terms of its production of oil, Russia’s oil output increased to an average 10.98 million barrels a day in 2017, up 0.1 percent from the previous year.



Indian State Refiners May Buy Mideast Spot Oil to Replace Russian Shortfall

A worker rides a bicycle at the Bharat Petroleum Corporation refinery in Mumbai, April 24, 2008. REUTERS/Punit Paranjpe/FILE PHOTO
A worker rides a bicycle at the Bharat Petroleum Corporation refinery in Mumbai, April 24, 2008. REUTERS/Punit Paranjpe/FILE PHOTO
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Indian State Refiners May Buy Mideast Spot Oil to Replace Russian Shortfall

A worker rides a bicycle at the Bharat Petroleum Corporation refinery in Mumbai, April 24, 2008. REUTERS/Punit Paranjpe/FILE PHOTO
A worker rides a bicycle at the Bharat Petroleum Corporation refinery in Mumbai, April 24, 2008. REUTERS/Punit Paranjpe/FILE PHOTO

Indian state refiners are considering tapping the Middle East crude market as spot supply from their top supplier Russia have fallen, three refining sources said, in a move that could support prices for high-sulphur oil.
The three large state refiners- Indian Oil Corp, Bharat Petroleum Corp and Hindustan Petroleum- are short of 8-10 million barrels of Russian oil for January loading, the sources told Reuters.
The refiners fear continued problems in securing Russian oil in the spot market could continue in coming months as Moscow's own demand is rising and it has to meet commitments under the OPEC pact.
However, they added that they can draw from their inventories to meet crude processing needs in March.
Two of the sources said their company may lift more crude from Middle East suppliers under optional volumes in term contracts or to float a spot tender for high-sulphur oil.

IOC, the country's top refiner, previously floated spot tenders to buy sour grades in March 2022.
The companies did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
India became the largest importer of Russian crude after the European Union, previously the top buyer, imposed sanctions on Russian oil imports in response to the 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Russian oil accounts for more than a third of India's energy imports.
Russia's spot crude exports since November as its refineries resumed operations after the maintenance season and poor weather disrupted shipping activities, traders said.
“We have to explore alternative grades as Russia's own demand is rising and it has to meet its commitments under OPEC,” said another of the three sources.
Russia, an ally of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, promised to make extra cuts to its oil output from the end of 2024 to compensate for overproduction earlier.
Also, most supplies from Russia's state oil firm Rosneft are tied up in a deal with Indian private refiner Reliance Industries, Reuters reported earlier this month.
The new deal accounts for roughly half of Rosneft's seaborne oil exports from Russian ports, leaving little supply available for spot sales, sources told Reuters earlier this month.
India has no sanctions on Russian oil, so refiners there have cashed in on supplies made cheaper than rival grades by the penalties by at least $3 to $4 per barrel.
Sources said there are traders in the market that are willing to supply Russian oil for payments in Chinese Yuan but noted that state refiners stopped paying for Russian oil in the Chinese currency after advice from the government last year.
“It is not that alternatives to Russian oil are not available in the market but our economics will suffer,” the first source said.
Oil prices rose on Tuesday, reversing the prior session's losses, buoyed by a slightly positive market outlook for the short term, despite thin trade ahead of the Christmas holiday.
Brent crude futures were up 42 cents, or 0.6%, to $73.05 a barrel, and US West Texas Intermediate crude futures rose 38 cents, or 0.6%, to $69.62 a barrel at 0742 GMT, Reuters reported.
FGE analysts said they anticipated the benchmark prices would fluctuate around current levels in the short term “as activity in the paper markets decreases during the holiday season and market participants stay on the sidelines until they get a clearer view of 2024 and 2025 global oil balances.”
Supply and demand changes in December have been supportive of their current less-bearish view so far, the analysts said in a note.
“Given how short the paper market is on positioning, any supply disruption could lead to upward spikes in structure,” they added.
Some analysts also pointed to signs of greater oil demand over the next few months.
“The year is ending with the consensus from major agencies over long 2025 liquids balances starting to break down,” Neil Crosby, Sparta Commodities' assistant vice president of oil analytics, said in a note.
Also supporting prices was a plan by China, the world's biggest oil importer, to issue 3 trillion yuan ($411 billion) worth of special treasury bonds next year, as Beijing ramps up fiscal stimulus to revive a faltering economy.
China's stimulus is likely to provide near-term support for WTI crude at $67 a barrel, said OANDA senior market analyst Kelvin Wong.