The main separatist parties in Catalonia agreed on Wednesday to re-elect fugitive leader Carles Puigdemont as president of the region.
Elections in the northeast Spanish region are due later this month.
The fact that he remains in exile since his sacking by the Madrid government is proving to be a contentious issue among Catalan parties.
Puigdemont has been in Brussels since he was sacked in October over an attempt to secede from Spain. He faces immediate arrest if he returns home. He wants the separatist majority in the new regional parliament to appoint him despite his absence.
The Catalan assembly's regulations are ambiguous about that possibility, but the anti-independence opposition says that a president can't govern from afar.
"It's evident that for governing Catalonia you have to be in Catalonia, you can't do that via WhatsApp or as a hologram," said Ines Arrimadas, the leader of the anti-independence Ciutadans (Citizens) party. "A person who is fleeing justice can't be the president."
A spokesman with Puigdemont's Junts per Catalunya (Together for Catalonia) ticket said that the separatist politician secured the backing of the left-republican ERC party Tuesday evening in Brussels.
The parties jointly hold 66 of the 135 seats in the regional chamber, and can add the support of four anti-establishment lawmakers.
The separatists' dominance of the chamber, however, depends on jailed or fugitive elected lawmakers who won't be able to vote unless they are released or give up their seats to someone else on the party list. But a new president can form government with a simple majority in a second attempt.
An ERC spokesman also confirmed the deal, adding that Puigdemont will propose to speak via video conference to the regional parliament later this month or have a fellow party lawmaker read the mandatory speech that candidates to the regional leadership need to deliver before being voted in.
Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy ordered the December 21 regional election under constitutional powers he invoked in October to dissolve the previous parliament after separatist lawmakers voted to declare Catalonia an independent republic. He also removed Puigdemont and his Cabinet.
While the anti-secession Ciutadans (Citizens) collected the most votes of any single party, the prime minister's hope that the separatists would suffer a stinging rebuke at the polls went unfulfilled.
The two separatist parties have also agreed to elect a separatist parliamentary speaker at the inaugural session on January 17.
Puigdemont boasted again on Wednesday that the three Catalan pro-independence parties had secured a majority despite some of their candidates campaigning from self-imposed exile or in jail while facing possible charges of rebellion.
"The desire to be free from Madrid is rising, it is in the majority and it is lasting over time, despite the huge difficulties it faces," he wrote in an editorial published on the Politico news website. "That calls for attention and respect — neither of which have been offered by the Spanish government and the European Union."
Polls consistently show most Catalans want the right to decide their future but are evenly divided over splitting from Spain.
On Tuesday, former Catalan president Artur Mas announced he is resigning as head of his regional pro-independence party, saying he wants to clear the way for a new generation of leaders pushing for secession from Spain.
Pro-independence parties including Mas' PdeCat won the most seats — 70 out of 135 — in the Catalan parliamentary election in December. Mas said that result was "very good" and brought a new phase in the secession drive.
"(We need to ) clear the way for new people to lead a project for the future" in Catalonia, Mas, 61, told a news conference.
Mas was Catalan president between 2010 and 2016 before stepping aside, handpicking Puigdemont as his successor.
Mas was last year banned from holding public office for two years after being found guilty of disobeying Spain's Constitutional Court by holding a mock Catalan independence referendum in 2014. His party and its members are also bracing for court rulings later this month into corruption allegations.
