US Official: Sanctions Contributed to Devaluation of Syrian Pound

Syrian pounds are pictured inside an exchange currency shop in Azaz, Syria February 3, 2020. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi
Syrian pounds are pictured inside an exchange currency shop in Azaz, Syria February 3, 2020. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi
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US Official: Sanctions Contributed to Devaluation of Syrian Pound

Syrian pounds are pictured inside an exchange currency shop in Azaz, Syria February 3, 2020. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi
Syrian pounds are pictured inside an exchange currency shop in Azaz, Syria February 3, 2020. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi

US Special Representative for Syria Engagement James Jeffrey said US sanctions and measures contributed to the devaluation of the Syrian pound against the dollar.

In a video meeting that was attended by his Deputy Assistant Secretary Joel Rubin on Sunday, Jeffrey said that Washington made a proposal to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad through a third party to end the crisis.

Washington wants a political process that shouldn’t necessarily change the regime but at least change its attitude and support of terrorist groups and Iran, he continued.

Regarding the economic crisis, he said that the US sanctions against Damascus contributed to the collapse of the Syrian current and that the regime "is incapable of managing an effective economic policy and conducting money-laundry in Lebanese banks."

Moreover, Rubin said that the Caesar Act covers individuals and companies. Responding to a question on ruling out the Kurdish administration from this act, he said that if anyone wishes to invest in energy and construction in self-administered zones then this is out of the US administration's interest.

Meanwhile, Syrian Prime Minister Imad Khamis said that stabilizing the exchange rate between 2017-2020 required USD20 billion.

Khamis added that calls are ongoing with friendly states to discuss possible ways to reinforce the lira’s value.



Eritrea Severs Diplomatic Ties with Ethiopia After Addis Ababa Orders Closure of Embassy in Asmara

A view of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Sept. 9, 2025. (AP)
A view of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Sept. 9, 2025. (AP)
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Eritrea Severs Diplomatic Ties with Ethiopia After Addis Ababa Orders Closure of Embassy in Asmara

A view of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Sept. 9, 2025. (AP)
A view of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Sept. 9, 2025. (AP)

Ethiopia ordered the closure of its embassy in Eritrea and declared 10 Eritrean diplomats persona non grata on Thursday, prompting Asmara to sever all diplomatic ties with its neighbor after overnight blasts heard in Addis Ababa sparked fears about renewed conflict in northern Ethiopia spreading.

Addis Ababa has accused Eritrea and Sudan of supporting an opposition alliance led by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) that has battled troops loyal to Ethiopia's federal government since last week. The three countries deny the accusation.

The clashes mark the biggest escalation of fighting in Ethiopia since the end of a 2020-2022 civil war in which hundreds of thousands of people were killed. Eritrea had fought in support of Ethiopia's federal government in that conflict.

Ethiopia's Foreign Ministry said on Thursday it had "decided to close its Embassy in Asmara, Eritrea, in response to Eritrea's direct and indirect acts of hostility and belligerence against Ethiopia".

It also said in a statement posted on its X account that 10 Eritrean diplomats, whom it did not name, were required to leave Ethiopia within 48 hours.

RESPONSE

Eritrea's Information Minister Yemane Gebremeskel told Reuters that by expelling all Eritrean diplomats from Ethiopia the government was effectively closing ‌its embassy in Addis Ababa.

"Eritrea ‌has no option but to reciprocate in kind and sever all diplomatic ties with Ethiopia with all ‌the negative corollaries ⁠that this entails," ⁠the foreign ministry said in a statement.

Ethiopia's government also declared an Egyptian diplomat persona non grata and ordered him to leave the country within 48 hours, the state-run Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation and two sources with knowledge of the matter said.

Egypt's state-affiliated Al Qahera News, citing a senior Egyptian source, said Cairo had responded in kind by declaring an Ethiopian embassy counsellor in Egypt persona non grata and giving him 48 hours to leave.

The source described Ethiopia's move against the Egyptian diplomat as "unfortunate" and unjustified, and said Egypt had consistently rejected interference in the internal affairs of other countries.

The saber-rattling moves came hours after explosions were heard in Ethiopia's capital and added to concerns that the fighting could spiral into a wider regional conflict.

A source linked to the opposition alliance told Reuters it had carried out several drone strikes in Addis Ababa, ⁠including some that targeted the military's headquarters.

If confirmed, it would be the first known drone attack by anti-government forces ‌on Addis Ababa, which is hundreds of km (miles) from the front lines in the northern ‌regions of Tigray, Amhara and Afar.

Three diplomatic sources, speaking on condition of anonymity due to the sensitivity of the matter, confirmed the blasts. Witnesses said there was no damage ‌visible near the military base.

Spokespeople for Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's office, the federal government, the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) and the TPLF did not respond to ‌requests for comment.

FRIEND-TURNED-FOE

Ethiopia's embassy in Eritrea was reopened in 2018 as part of a rapprochement with Asmara that won Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed the Nobel Peace Prize.

The militaries of both countries fought side by side against the TPLF, Tigray's main party, during the 2020-2022 war. But Eritrea was not a party to the peace deal that ended the fighting in November 2022, and relations between the two nations quickly soured.

The two governments have also exchanged words over the issue of access to the Red Sea, with landlocked ‌Ethiopia insisting that sea access is vital for its security and economy. Asmara has said it fears Addis Ababa will try to take its Assab port by force.

Days after the latest clashes broke out, the chief administrator ⁠of the northern Afar region, Haji ⁠Awol Arba, told Al Jazeera that Eritrean soldiers had crossed into Afar to join the opposition alliance's offensive.

Eritrea's information minister did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Federal troops and allied militiamen, meanwhile, made fresh gains in Tigray and Afar, a pro-government militia said on Thursday. Reuters could not independently verify the claims.

INTELLIGENCE SERVICE BANS DRONE FLIGHTS OVER CAPITAL

The national intelligence service has banned drones over Addis Ababa. Opposition forces had not previously been known to use armed drones but there is growing evidence they may possess some capability.

On Tuesday, the pro-government Tigray Peace Forces (TPF) militia said it had captured drone frames and batteries from forces linked to the TPLF, which is the main political party in Tigray.

Edward Bach, Senior Africa Analyst at risk intelligence company Verisk Maplecroft, said the opposition's ability to strike Addis Ababa would be "a political game-changer", undermining any government narrative that the capital is unaffected by the war and narrowing a key tactical advantage for federal forces, their aerial superiority.

Federal forces have been advancing in southern Tigray, edging closer to the regional capital Mekelle, while the opposition alliance has captured towns in neighboring Afar.

Pro-government forces also recaptured the town of Erbeti in Afar, which TPLF forces had seized at the start of the conflict, the TPF said on X, thanking the ENDF for "magnificent air support".

In Afar, where the TPLF captured several towns in the early days of the new conflict, fighting has forced tens of thousands of people to flee their homes, Valerie Browning, a founder of the Afar Pastoralist Development Association, told Reuters.


Algerian Parliament Approves Death Penalty for Arson, Child Abduction

Lawmakers vote on a bill to amend the penal code. (Algerian Parliament)
Lawmakers vote on a bill to amend the penal code. (Algerian Parliament)
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Algerian Parliament Approves Death Penalty for Arson, Child Abduction

Lawmakers vote on a bill to amend the penal code. (Algerian Parliament)
Lawmakers vote on a bill to amend the penal code. (Algerian Parliament)

Algeria’s National People’s Assembly approved a bill on Thursday expanding the death penalty for arson and crimes against children, drawing opposition warnings about the irreversible consequences of judicial error.

The amendments to the penal code, passed by a large majority, provide for capital punishment for deliberately setting fire to forests and property, and for child abductions followed by murder or brutal abuse.

The measures aim to strengthen legal deterrence and protect society.

The government secured passage with support from lawmakers in the “presidential majority” — parties that back President Abdelmadjid Tebboune’s policies: the National Liberation Front, the Democratic National Rally, the Future Front and the National Construction Movement.

Islamist lawmakers from the Movement of Society for Peace, the Ennahda Movement and the Justice and Development Front also backed the bill on religious grounds, despite being in opposition.

Lawmakers from the Workers’ Party, the Socialist Forces Front and the Rally for Culture and Democracy voted against it. Their small numbers gave them little sway over the outcome.

Justice Minister Lotfi Boudjemaa attended the vote after presenting the bill to the assembly last Monday.

Tougher penalties, renewed debate

The bill, which has stirred considerable controversy in Algeria, contains eight articles, including new provisions on arson, attacks on property and child abduction.

Among the toughest is Article 395 bis, which prescribes the death penalty for “anyone who deliberately sets fire to forests, scrubland, fields, whether cultivated or uncultivated, trees or sections of forest.”

It also covers timber stored in piles or bundles within forest areas.

Article 396 bis 1 extends capital punishment to “the deliberate burning of any property, public or private” when committed “for the benefit of a foreign state or foreign entity, in connection with treason, collusion with the enemy or membership in an organized criminal group.”

Article 396 bis 2 targets anyone who “incites, encourages, finances, organizes or facilitates these acts,” including acts committed or incited through social media.

For crimes against children, Article 291 prescribes the death penalty for “anyone who abducts a child, tortures a child, sexually assaults a child or amputates one of a child’s limbs,” notwithstanding any conflicting penalty under existing legislation.

Those convicted of any of these crimes cannot benefit from mitigating circumstances, further tightening the penalties.

The government proposed the amendments in direct response to devastating fires that swept through parts of eastern Algeria this summer, killing dozens of people. The killing of children after their abduction has also become alarmingly more prevalent in recent years.

“Justice should not respond to death with death”

The opposition warned that the law could turn the judiciary into “an instrument of revenge,” instead of protecting victims’ rights and helping them secure redress while safeguarding defendants’ rights and guaranteeing a fair trial.

“We believe that true justice should not respond to death with death,” said Mohammed Abdoussi, a lawmaker from the Rally for Culture and Democracy.

“No one has the right to take another person’s life, and the state and the judiciary are no exception to this principle,” he told parliament in remarks reported by the media.

“Our position on the death penalty is therefore clear and rooted in principle, and we have expressed it on many occasions.”

He said his parliamentary group had proposed abolishing the death penalty and replacing it with life imprisonment in 2008.

During debate on the bill, the group raised the tragedy of the 2021 fires in Kabylie and the killing of Djamel Ben Ismail, who was brutally attacked after local residents wrongly accused him of starting the fires.

“Following this crime, 48 people were sentenced to death, before the number of death sentences was reduced to 38 on appeal,” Abdoussi said.

“This raises a crucial question: Had the initial sentences been carried out, 10 additional people could have lost their lives on the basis of rulings that were subsequently changed.”

“This example demonstrates the danger of a punishment that cannot be reversed once carried out,” he added. “Human justice, however accurate, remains susceptible to error, while a death sentence cannot be corrected after it has been carried out.”


Syria, Hezbollah Exchange Messages to Ease Security Tensions through Turkish Mediation

Hezbollah supporters carry Lebanese and Hezbollah flags during a commemoration marking the second anniversary of the assassination of the group’s former secretary-general, Hassan Nasrallah (EPA)
Hezbollah supporters carry Lebanese and Hezbollah flags during a commemoration marking the second anniversary of the assassination of the group’s former secretary-general, Hassan Nasrallah (EPA)
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Syria, Hezbollah Exchange Messages to Ease Security Tensions through Turkish Mediation

Hezbollah supporters carry Lebanese and Hezbollah flags during a commemoration marking the second anniversary of the assassination of the group’s former secretary-general, Hassan Nasrallah (EPA)
Hezbollah supporters carry Lebanese and Hezbollah flags during a commemoration marking the second anniversary of the assassination of the group’s former secretary-general, Hassan Nasrallah (EPA)

Security issues dominated secret Turkish-mediated talks between Hezbollah and Syria, during which the two sides exchanged messages aimed at easing tensions.

Hezbollah offered assurances that it would stay out of Syria’s security and military affairs and refrain from supporting groups affiliated with the former government, in return for a Syrian pledge not to intervene militarily in Lebanon as part of any plan to disarm the group there.

Reuters cited six sources familiar with the matter as saying representatives of the Syrian government and Lebanon’s Hezbollah held direct talks in Türkiye in an effort to ease tensions.

It described the meeting as the first known encounter of its kind between the two longtime adversaries.

While Hezbollah has kept silent on the matter, Lebanese sources familiar with the group’s activities told Asharq Al-Awsat that this was the second meeting.

An initial encounter to “break the ice” took place in Istanbul on the sidelines of the “Pledge for Jerusalem Conference,” hosted by Türkiye last December.

Hezbollah’s delegation was led by Ammar al-Moussawi, the group’s official responsible for Arab and international relations.

“Türkiye is continuing to mediate between the two sides, and contacts through Türkiye intensified after US President Donald Trump’s threats that Damascus could carry out the task of disarming Hezbollah,” the sources said, referring to remarks in which he said Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa could accomplish the task.

The sources said the second meeting, reported by Reuters, took place in Türkiye during the first 10 days of September. No Hezbollah security or military officials attended, they added.

The two meetings “do not amount to negotiations or understandings, but fall within the framework of messages exchanged between the two sides through Turkish mediation,” the sources said.

Security priorities

Security issues top both sides’ priorities amid concerns, including Syrian fears that Hezbollah could support remnants of the former government or seek to reactivate the southern Syrian front against Israel.

Hezbollah has repeatedly denied in statements that it intervenes in Syrian affairs or supports any groups in southern Syria.

The sources said Türkiye “worked to address the fears previously raised by President Trump’s remarks about Syrian intervention inside Lebanon against Hezbollah, and provided assurances of no interference whatsoever in Lebanese affairs, in return for assurances from Hezbollah that it would stay entirely out of the Syrian arena, refrain from obstructing security measures along the border with Lebanon, and pledge not to provide support of any kind to groups affiliated with the former government.”

They said Hezbollah “publicly affirms that it is staying entirely out of the Syrian arena and is not intervening there in any way, maintaining its focus on Lebanon.”

Effort to ease tensions

Those accounts align with what Reuters reported from its sources, who included two Syrian officials, a US official and a senior Lebanese security source close to Hezbollah.

The six sources said the meeting took place last month at the invitation of Türkiye’s security and intelligence services in an effort to reduce tensions.

It brought together Hezbollah representatives and officials from Syria’s intelligence services and Foreign Ministry.

The Syrian Foreign Ministry, Türkiye’s foreign and defense ministries, and the US State Department did not respond to Reuters’ questions about the meeting. Hezbollah’s media office declined to comment.

Both Hezbollah and the Syrian government had signaled openness to talks.

Syrian Foreign Minister Asaad al-Shibani said in July that Damascus was open to meeting the group. A month later, Hezbollah Secretary-General Naim Qassem said in a televised address that the group had no objection to meeting Syria’s leadership.

Resolving points of tension

The US official, the two Syrian officials and the Lebanese source said the meeting focused on resolving points of tension between the two sides and went well.

One Syrian official said the two sides agreed there was no hostility between them, and Syria assured Hezbollah it would not intervene militarily in Lebanon to disarm the group.

The official said Syrian representatives, in turn, asked Hezbollah to help halt cross-border smuggling attempts and dismantle its remaining sleeper cells, particularly in southern Syria.

According to Reuters, the Syrian official said Hezbollah’s representatives did not directly respond to the request to halt arms smuggling and dismantle its cells in Syria, but pledged not to interfere in Syrian affairs.

The Lebanese source, who had direct knowledge of the meeting and its outcome, said the two sides “made significant progress on security issues.”

“Hezbollah wants to protect its rear,” the source said, referring to fears of a Syrian attack on the group inside Lebanon.

Both the Syrian official and the Lebanese source said no final agreement was reached and there was no plan to issue an announcement. The Lebanese source said contacts between the two sides through Türkiye began about two months ago.

Iran absent from meeting

Three of the sources said Türkiye, a key ally of Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa, pushed for the meeting because it wanted to be directly involved in those efforts. Iran, Hezbollah’s main backer, was absent from the meetings.

The Lebanese security source said Hezbollah attended with Iran’s knowledge, but Tehran was disappointed that it was not directly involved and that Sharaa has so far rejected the idea of establishing any direct relations with it.

That disappointment was the main reason no final agreement was reached and no announcement was made about the meeting, the source said.