Saudi G20 Presidency: Moving From Recovery Towards a Prosperous Future

Saudi G20 Presidency: Moving From Recovery Towards a Prosperous Future
TT

Saudi G20 Presidency: Moving From Recovery Towards a Prosperous Future

Saudi G20 Presidency: Moving From Recovery Towards a Prosperous Future

The 2020 G20 Riyadh Summit, which was held from November 21-22, was an exceptional affair. Faced with great challenges and responsibility, the Kingdom undertook the leadership of the forum during some of the toughest times brought about by the coronavirus pandemic which affected health, economic, and social facets of life.

It is not an exaggeration to say that it was a decisive year in which Saudi Arabia led G20 countries along the journey of protecting humanity and planet earth from the pandemic’s repercussions. The group held extraordinary meetings to find effective solutions at health, humanitarian, social, and economic levels.

Despite difficult circumstances, the Saudi presidency did not abandon the forum’s principal agenda.

The Kingdom’s presidency set human empowerment, preserving the planet, and shaping new horizons as three main axes that guide the work of the G20, and these axes remained important pillars for reaching solutions to limit the effects of the pandemic on the world.

On human empowerment, the Saudi presidency of the G20 committed itself to ensuring a comprehensive recovery from the pandemic’s fallout and to addressing inequality in receiving diagnostic tools, vaccines, and treatments.

The kingdom also eyed creating appropriate conditions that enable people to live, work, and prosper. G20 immediate actions included protecting lives and jobs from the pandemic’s aftermath.

On preserving the planet, Saudi Arabia worked to unite the stances of G20 countries to work on policies that promote a better more sustainable future, including the importance of conserving the environment and natural resources and addressing climate change.

On creating new horizons, the Saudi presidency poured its effort into speeding recovery from the pandemic. It did so through harnessing the potential of digital technologies and setting the necessary frameworks to promote equal opportunities and ensure electronic communication for all, especially in health services, education, and trade.

The Saudi presidency’s response to the pandemic was both quick and effective, as the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud - may God protect him - called for an extraordinary summit of G20 leaders last March, a first in G20 history, with the aim of discussing pandemic circumstances and finding ways to address them.

Saudi Arabia has managed to set a distinguished example for the whole world on crisis management. All leaders responded to this important call, actively and decisively approving a number of policies and initiatives that have contributed to limiting the health, social, and economic impacts of the pandemic in all countries.

Last month, G20 countries concluded their work for 2020 by holding the Riyadh Summit, where tangible success could be felt despite the exceptional circumstances. In its final statement, the summit launched major global initiatives and adopted important policies aimed at addressing the pandemic, protecting lives and livelihoods, and building a more robust, sustainable, and inclusive future.

Saudi Arabia received positive feedback from world leaders and international organizations who welcomed the final statement and recognized the huge efforts exerted by the kingdom in cooperation with fellow G20 states.

Going over G20 achievements this year, the Kingdom’s presidency worked to re-align the group’s plan of action to confront the pandemic. G20 leaders committed to taking all necessary measures to overcome the pandemic and protect lives, jobs, and vulnerable groups.

G20 states, collectively, pumped over 11 trillion dollars into the global economy. They also pledged more than 21 billion dollars at the beginning of the crisis to support international efforts to develop diagnostic tools, vaccines, and effective treatments.

Stemming out of its belief in the importance of supporting international efforts to immediately address the pandemic, Saudi Arabia contributed 500 million dollars.

Focused on restoring growth, the Saudi presidency led joint efforts to develop policies and initiatives centered on sparking strong, sustainable, balanced, and comprehensive growth.

G20 leaders also pledged to make all efforts to ensure that new coronavirus vaccines reach everyone in a fair way and that the remaining financing needs for these vaccines are met.

Also, G20 countries established the Debt Service Suspension Initiative, allowing 73 countries to be eligible for a temporary suspension of debt-service payments owed to their official bilateral creditors. This will reduce debt burdens on low-income and vulnerable countries.

A commitment was also made to ensure the flow of essential medical supplies and important agricultural products across borders, despite precautionary lockdown measures.

Overcoming obstacles laid out by the pandemic, the Saudi presidency of the G20 demonstrated great ability in advancing the forum's work through holding more than 224 international meetings and conferences.

The world will not forget Saudi Arabia’s presidency of the G20, especially that it carried forth the vision of providing a new impetus to global cooperation around the unifying theme of “Realizing Opportunities of the 21st Century for All”.

At the 2020 G20 Riyadh Summit, more than 50 outcomes were adopted next to over 20 ministerial statements. Such initiative showcases an edge of seriousness in enhancing international cooperation to face global challenges.

Compared to previous years, G20 meetings, which traditionally stand at a total of 85, jumped by some 90%. Recommendations, outcomes, and initiatives also doubled.

G20 leaders, under the Saudi presidency, reiterated unity in their belief that coordinating global actions, solidarity and multilateral cooperation was needed today more than ever to face present challenges.

In their final communique, leaders called for more than just working to recover from the current crisis and urged setting a vision for a "better future" beyond the pandemic.

Under the kingdom’s presidency, the G20 looked to improve protection from pandemics and epidemics in the future by drawing lessons from the current crisis.

Naturally, the Saudi presidency was keen to discuss ways to come up with long-term solutions that address gaps found in global pandemic response schemes. It voiced hope towards completing and enhancing these discussions during the upcoming Italian presidency of the G20.

Advocating a sustainable and secure future, the G20 Riyadh Summit also shed light on the need to prevent environmental degradation, conserve biodiversity, promote sustainable use of natural resources, and enact reform.

Preserving oceans, promoting clean air and clean water, responding to natural disasters and extreme weather events, and tackling climate change were cast among the most pressing challenges of our time.

--Saudi G20 Sherpa Dr. Fahad Bin Abdullah al-Mubarak



Putin to Confront Weak Economy at 'Russian Davos', under Threat of Ukrainian Drones

Russia's economy is in its trickiest spot since the start of the war in 2022. Ramil Sitdikov / POOL/AFP
Russia's economy is in its trickiest spot since the start of the war in 2022. Ramil Sitdikov / POOL/AFP
TT

Putin to Confront Weak Economy at 'Russian Davos', under Threat of Ukrainian Drones

Russia's economy is in its trickiest spot since the start of the war in 2022. Ramil Sitdikov / POOL/AFP
Russia's economy is in its trickiest spot since the start of the war in 2022. Ramil Sitdikov / POOL/AFP

Russia's Vladimir Putin will address a flagship investment forum in Saint Petersburg on Friday, as the war in Ukraine drags the economy into stagnation and days after brazen Ukrainian drone strikes rocked his home city.

Russia's offensive has led to rising prices, tax hikes, two-decade-high borrowing costs, business shutdowns and labour shortages, putting the economy in its trickiest spot since the start of the war in 2022.

Meanwhile, intensifying Ukrainian attacks on Russia's vital energy infrastructure -- oil depots, refineries, exporting hubs -- are threatening to dent Moscow's most important income stream.

In a highly symbolic strike, one attack hit a facility in Saint Petersburg as the conference opened on Wednesday, with arriving dignitaries greeted by a plume of back smoke in the background.

"The Russian economy is entering a stagnation, with high interest rates and high inflationary pressure," Alexander Kolyandr, a London-based Russian economy expert, told AFP on the eve of Putin's speech.

"I don't see the Russian economy entering the 1990s or something similar, it's just a slow degradation of everything," he added.

Russia's GDP contracted by 0.2 percent in the first three months of the year, according to official statistics -- the first quarterly slump in three years.

And the government posted an $80 billion budget deficit in the first four months of 2026 -- equivalent to 2.5 percent of annual GDP and more than was planned for the entire year.

- 'Russian Davos' -

The Saint Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF) was once dubbed "Russia's Davos".

Western investors keen to make a buck in Russia's chaotic and fast-growing economy would gather to strike deals and hobnob with the Russian elite in the early years of Putin's rule.

But since the assault on Ukraine, it has become a marker of the ex-KGB spy's new place in the world.

Drones and machine guns are put on exhibition display.

Guests from China are now the top attendees. Americans and Europeans are few and far between.

Their slimmed-down ranks led by figures such as former Hollywood actor turned Putin-backer Steven Seagal, American conspiracy theorist Candace Owens, and MPs from the right-wing Alternative for Germany party.

Putin has previously used the event to insist the state can handle the billions being pumped into the military campaign, bash Western sanctions as a form of self-harm and insist that life at home will remain stable.

But in recent months, many Russians say life has become more expensive, as the economic costs of the war spread.

Asked by AFP about Russia's economic woes, the Russian leader on Thursday channeled Mark Twain.

"Rumors of my death have been greatly exaggerated," he said, rejecting the idea Russia was on the brink of a full-blown crisis.

- 'Shut down' -

Far away from where Putin will take to the stage on Friday, some small and medium businesses told AFP they were facing closure.

"Basically, we're planning to shut down," Svetlana, the owner of a maternity and kids brand in the Far East city of Khabarovsk, said.

"People are having less kids, tightening their belts, the costs are rising," the 40-year-old told AFP by phone.

Internet blackouts -- imposed by authorities as a means of thwarting Ukrainian retaliatory drone strikes -- mean her card payment terminal is often out of service.

"We are going back to life 18 years ago, when there was no internet or social media," she said.

"I'm tired of worrying about fines because of the new laws and the endless stream of new requirements that keep popping up," she said.

Vera, a 42-year-old owner of a beauty salon in the Moscow region, said her supplies have "doubled in price" this year.

But having survived "near collapse" in 2022, she is confident she can pull through.

"These difficulties are just unpleasantries," she told AFP.

- 'No good solution' -

The "slow degradation" of the economy would be irreversible unless the Kremlin made "political decisions" such as ending the war and restructuring the economy, expert Kolyandr said.

Russia has run a "two-tier" economy since the start of the war, prioritizing the state-dominated defense industry above everything else, he said.

While higher oil prices off the back of the Iran war have increased Russia's revenues, it has not been to the extent needed to refill the state budget, he added.

Labor shortages are also biting, with some 30,000 men a month being recruited for the war.

"There is no good solution," Kolyandr said.

"They will continue to kick the can for as long as possible."


Anthropic Calls for Pause of Global AI Development

FILE PHOTO: Anthropic logo is seen in this illustration created on March 1, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: Anthropic logo is seen in this illustration created on March 1, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo
TT

Anthropic Calls for Pause of Global AI Development

FILE PHOTO: Anthropic logo is seen in this illustration created on March 1, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo
FILE PHOTO: Anthropic logo is seen in this illustration created on March 1, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo

Artificial intelligence company Anthropic suggested Thursday a global pause on building the most powerful AI systems as the latest models are beginning to show signs they could escape human control.

The San Francisco-based company, which makes the Claude family of AI models, said in a report that a worldwide slowdown in cutting-edge AI development would "likely be a good thing" -- but warned that if only one company stopped, rivals would simply race ahead.

"We believe it would be good for the world to have the option to slow or temporarily pause frontier AI development to enable societal structures and alignment research to keep up with the advance of the technology," AFP quoted it as saying.

Getting a real pause to work would mean multiple major AI companies in multiple countries -- most notably the United States and China -- all agreeing to stop at the same time, under rules everyone could actually verify, Anthropic said.

That idea may prove somewhat unpopular with the likes of Elon Musk, as the hotly anticipated stock market debut of his SpaceX company -- which owns his artificial intelligence venture xAI -- is expected to make him the world's first trillionaire.

"Without a global coordination mechanism, companies and governments will have to make difficult decisions about safety while under competitive and geopolitical pressures," Anthropic said.

The company has faced pushback from others in the industry -- and officials in the White House -- who say its focus on worst-case scenarios overstates the risks and amounts to a strategy for slowing rivals under the cover of safety concerns.

Still, the White House has acknowledged the power of the company's Mythos model -- which has not been made available to the general public due to its cybersecurity capabilities and is currently deployed only to a small number of vetted organizations.

The proposal would face an uphill battle in Washington and Silicon Valley, where US officials and tech executives have repeatedly argued that any slowdown in AI development risks handing China a decisive strategic edge in what many see as the defining technology race of the century.

US President Donald Trump, however, said he discussed the possibility of cooperating with China on AI safety issues during his recent visit to Beijing.

Trump also signed an executive order this week that allows the government 30 days to conduct a preliminary review of the most powerful US AI models before their release.

Anthropic compared the problem to nuclear arms control treaties, but said it would be even harder to get a handle on since AI training is far easier to hide than a missile silo, and the temptation to quietly keep going would be enormous.

"You want the option to be able to take your foot off the gas and put your foot on the brake," Anthropic's co-founder Jack Clark told Britain's BBC Newsnight on Thursday.

"Right now, it's like the AI industry has a gas pedal, but it doesn't have a brake pedal."

The company said it plans to bring together government officials, scientists, advocacy groups and competing AI firms in coming months to figure out how such a system could work.

The call for coordination comes alongside internal data showing that AI is already dramatically speeding up the development of AI itself, Anthropic said.

That acceleration creates a feedback loop that Anthropic warned could eventually lead to what researchers call "recursive self-improvement."

That's the idea of an AI system that becomes capable of essentially teaching itself to get smarter, without much human help.

"We are not there yet, and recursive self-improvement is not inevitable," the Anthropic report said, while adding that it could arrive sooner than most governments and institutions are ready for.

"The evidence suggests that the human role is narrowing at each step in the AI development process," the company said.


Russian Strikes Kill 3 in Ukraine

31 May 2026, Russia, Kherson: Blocks of flats in Bratyev Kovalenko Street in Genichesk are damaged in a drone attack. (dpa)
31 May 2026, Russia, Kherson: Blocks of flats in Bratyev Kovalenko Street in Genichesk are damaged in a drone attack. (dpa)
TT

Russian Strikes Kill 3 in Ukraine

31 May 2026, Russia, Kherson: Blocks of flats in Bratyev Kovalenko Street in Genichesk are damaged in a drone attack. (dpa)
31 May 2026, Russia, Kherson: Blocks of flats in Bratyev Kovalenko Street in Genichesk are damaged in a drone attack. (dpa)

Russian strikes killed three people in several regions of Ukraine, regional authorities said on Friday.

Moscow and Kyiv have been targeting each other with intensifying aerial attacks in recent months as US-led diplomatic efforts to end their war, now in its fifth year, remain stalled.

Russian drone strikes on Thursday evening killed a 75-year-old man in the southern Ukrainian city of Kherson, according to the head of the city's military administration Yaroslav Shanko.

A woman was also killed in a drone strike in Zaporizhzhia that wounded 16 others, emergency services said.

And Russian drone and artillery attacks killed a woman in the Pavlograd district in Dnipropetrovsk, regional governor Oleksandr Ganzha said on Telegram on Friday.

Russia has hit Ukraine with barrages of drones and missiles since 2022 and has occupied swathes of the south and east of the country.

In Konotop city in northeastern Ukraine, three children were wounded in Russian strikes, Mayor Artem Semenikhin wrote on Telegram.

Russia's defense ministry said on Friday morning that it had intercepted and destroyed 123 Ukrainian drones in the preceding night over various regions.

Ukraine's air force said it shot down 198 Russian drones overnight.