Saudi Arabia Remains China's Biggest Oil Supplier in 2020

FILE PHOTO: Shaybah oilfield complex is seen in this aerial view deep in the Rub' al-Khali desert, Saudi Arabia, November 14, 2007. REUTERS/ Ali Jarekji
FILE PHOTO: Shaybah oilfield complex is seen in this aerial view deep in the Rub' al-Khali desert, Saudi Arabia, November 14, 2007. REUTERS/ Ali Jarekji
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Saudi Arabia Remains China's Biggest Oil Supplier in 2020

FILE PHOTO: Shaybah oilfield complex is seen in this aerial view deep in the Rub' al-Khali desert, Saudi Arabia, November 14, 2007. REUTERS/ Ali Jarekji
FILE PHOTO: Shaybah oilfield complex is seen in this aerial view deep in the Rub' al-Khali desert, Saudi Arabia, November 14, 2007. REUTERS/ Ali Jarekji

Saudi Arabia, the world’s biggest oil exporter, beat Russia to keep its ranking as China’s top crude supplier in 2020, Chinese government data showed on Wednesday.

Oil demand in China, the world’s top oil importer, remained strong last year even as the coronavirus crisis hammered global appetite. Chinese imports rose 7.3% to a record of 542.4 million tonnes or 10.85 million barrels per day (bpd).

Saudi shipments to China in 2020 rose 1.9% from a year earlier to 84.92 million tonnes, or about 1.69 million bpd, data from the General Administration of Chinese Customs showed.

Russia was a close second with shipments of 83.57 million tonnes, or 1.67 million bpd, up 7.6% from 2019, the data showed, Reuters reported.

In December, Saudi supplies were 6.94 million tonnes, down 0.8% from the same month a year earlier, while Russian volumes fell 15.7% to 6.2 million tonnes.

China’s imports of US oil more than tripled in 2020 to 19.76 million tonnes, or 394,000 bpd, compared to a year earlier, as companies bought crude under a trade deal between Washington and Beijing. Imports were 3.6 million tonnes in December.

China’s total purchases of major US energy products, including crude, liquefied natural gas, propane, butane and coal, were worth $9.784 billion in 2020, about 38.7% of the $25.3 billion target set out in the Phase 1 trade deal.

Saudi Arabia has played catch up as a supplier since November by cutting prices to woo customers, overtaking Russia, which had led for most of 2020 with more flexible transport options and geographical proximity to Chinese refiners.

US sanctions nearly choked off oil exports from Iran and Venezuela, while Iraq was the main beneficiary. Iraq’s oil exports to China rose 16.1% to 60.12 million tonnes in 2020, making it China’s third largest oil supplier.

Cashing in on lower prices and with aggressive marketing to China’s independent refiners, Brazil expanded oil exports to China to become its fourth biggest supplier last year. Brazil’s oil exports to China rose 5.1% to 42.19 million tonnes.



IBM: Saudi Arabia Poised to Lead Digital Transformation in the Middle East  

 IBM’s pavilion at the LEAP 2025 conference in Riyadh. (IBM) 
 IBM’s pavilion at the LEAP 2025 conference in Riyadh. (IBM) 
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IBM: Saudi Arabia Poised to Lead Digital Transformation in the Middle East  

 IBM’s pavilion at the LEAP 2025 conference in Riyadh. (IBM) 
 IBM’s pavilion at the LEAP 2025 conference in Riyadh. (IBM) 

As Riyadh welcomed US President Donald Trump on Tuesday, discussions have resurfaced around the profound transformations taking place in Saudi Arabia’s economic and technological landscape — a key focus of the Kingdom’s Vision 2030.

At the heart of this transformation are global tech companies, including American giant IBM. The company’s CEO Arvind Krishna is accompanying Trump on his trip as part of a large delegation of CEOs and top business leaders. IBM views Saudi Arabia as a promising regional hub for digital innovation and AI leadership.

Last year, IBM established a new regional headquarters in Riyadh and launched a $250 million software lab in the Saudi capital focused on accelerating digital innovation with over 70% of the workforce being Saudi nationals.

Earlier this year, IBM also announced a partnership with Lenovo to help expand the impact of generative AI for clients in the Kingdom. It further revealed plans to establish a joint AI innovation center in Riyadh in collaboration with Salesforce.

Additionally, IBM partnered with the Saudi Data and AI Authority (SDAIA) to promote AI adoption in areas such as carbon capture and industrial use and launched a generative AI Center of Excellence to support scalable and responsible AI deployment across sectors.

Dynamic digital market

In an exclusive statement to Asharq Al-Awsat, IBM’s Regional Vice President in Saudi Arabia Ayman Al-Rashed stated that the Kingdom is a dynamic and rapidly growing digital market, driven by bold national initiatives like the National Transformation Program.

“With the ICT market in Saudi Arabia valued at over $44 billion, there is an immense opportunity to accelerate digital transformation across public and private sectors,” Al-Rashed said.

He explained that IBM is well-positioned to support this momentum. With the rise of technologies such as quantum computing, hybrid cloud, and AI, “we foresee a future in which Saudi Arabia leads the region’s digital transformation.”

IBM’s innovations, such as Watsonx, are already bringing tangible changes to the business landscape, from developing Arabic language models like “ALLaM” to automating HR through tools like “AskHR” and “Watsonx Orchestrate,” he went on to say.

A global study conducted by IBM showed 61% of CEOs are already using AI agents, with AI investment expected to double in the next two years, he revealed. “These global trends are clearly reflected in the Saudi market, where demand for advanced and generative AI solutions is accelerating. Remarkably, 56% of business leaders in the Middle East believe that leadership in generative AI will be critical for gaining a competitive edge.”

Sectors undergoing rapid transformation

When asked about the fastest-transforming sectors in the Kingdom, Al-Rashed noted that Vision 2030 is driving significant shifts in key areas such as education, energy, and financial services. Meanwhile, the sports and entertainment sectors are emerging as promising spaces for growth.

“Saudi Arabia’s hosting of major events like Formula 1, the Club World Cup, the AFC Champions League, and the 2034 FIFA World Cup highlights the country’s ambition for global leadership and creates ideal opportunities to use technology to enhance fan engagement and operational efficiency,” he said.

He added that Saudi Arabia’s strong digital infrastructure and tech-savvy youth provide fertile ground for applying smart solutions. “We are committed to working with local partners to turn digital potential into measurable outcomes,” he stressed.

Strategic investment destination

On the investment front, Al-Rashed emphasized that IBM sees Saudi Arabia as a strategic center for innovation and long-term growth, praising the Kingdom’s attractive investment climate, advanced digital infrastructure, and vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem.

“We established a new regional HQ and software lab in Riyadh last year, with 70% of hires being Saudi nationals. We also announced partnerships with Lenovo and Salesforce and are working with SDAIA on industrial AI and carbon capture projects,” he said.

Al-Rashed stressed that investing in local talent is a core priority. “In partnership with the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, we’re on track to achieve our goal of training 100,000 young Saudis to help shape the Kingdom’s digital future,” he told Asharq Al-Awsat.

Saudi Arabia continues to achieve remarkable milestones on its transformation journey and is positioning itself as a global model in AI adoption, he remarked.

“In just two years, our AI solutions have delivered $3.5 billion in productivity savings globally, and we’re working to bring that impact to Saudi Arabia. Through our partnership with Riyadh Air, we aim to boost operational efficiency and enhance passenger experience, setting new benchmarks in the aviation industry,” he added.