UN Mediation Efforts in Sudan Faces Hurdles

People march on Pennsylvania avenue during an anti-coup protest after military took over the government of Sudan on 25 October, in Washington, DC, USA, 30 October 2021. EPA/GAMAL DIAB
People march on Pennsylvania avenue during an anti-coup protest after military took over the government of Sudan on 25 October, in Washington, DC, USA, 30 October 2021. EPA/GAMAL DIAB
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UN Mediation Efforts in Sudan Faces Hurdles

People march on Pennsylvania avenue during an anti-coup protest after military took over the government of Sudan on 25 October, in Washington, DC, USA, 30 October 2021. EPA/GAMAL DIAB
People march on Pennsylvania avenue during an anti-coup protest after military took over the government of Sudan on 25 October, in Washington, DC, USA, 30 October 2021. EPA/GAMAL DIAB

Sudan's army chief, Lieutenant-General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok are hampering the mediation efforts of the UN Special Envoy to Sudan, Volker Perthes, to resolve the political crisis in the country, sources in Khartoum said.

According to the sources, Hamdok stipulates that the dismissed government with its entire staff must return to their posts, all detained ministers and political leaders must be released, and calls for full commitment to the constitutional document before entering into dialogue with the army.

As for Burhan, he wants to form a government of technocrats.

However, the Forces of Freedom and Change, which includes the main national parties, supports Hamdok's demands and adheres to his return as head of the civilian government.

British ambassador Simon Manley stressed the urgent need for the top UN rights body to discuss the situation in Sudan since the army's October 25 power grab.

"We request that the Human Rights Council hold a special session this week to address the human rights implications of the ongoing situation in the Republic of Sudan," he said in a letter.

"A special session is needed because of the importance and urgency of the situation."

The Forces of Freedom and Change took a unanimous decision to bring down the "military coup," demanding justice for the martyrs and the injured.

The Central Council, the highest political body of the Forces, held a meeting at the National Umma Party in Omdurman, discussing the current situation.

The Council issued a statement demanding the return of the prime minister and his government to carry out their duties under the constitutional document, the immediate release of all detainees, and a return to the constitutional system that existed before October 25.

It affirmed its categorical rejection of any dialogue or negotiation with the army leadership.

Meanwhile, a South Sudan delegation, led by presidential advisor Tut Gatluak, met with Burhan and Hamdok to mediate between the military and the civilian leaders.

Burhan received a message from the President of South Sudan, General Salva Kiir Mayardit, dealing with Sudan's security, stability, and peace.

The Sudanese News Agency (SUNA) stated that during his meeting with Gatluak, Burhan lauded the significant role of South Sudan to support and ensure the success of the transitional period and its keenness to protect the achievements of the December Revolution and aspirations of the Sudanese people.

Gatluak said President Salva Kiir is monitoring the recent developments closely and with great concern, calling on all the parties to overcome the current political crisis.

He announced that the South Sudan delegation would hold several meetings with Hamdok and the Forces of Freedom and Change to discuss the root of the problem and bridge differences among all political parties.

Meanwhile, authorities rearrested Ibrahim Ghandour, head of Sudan's disbanded former ruling National Congress Party, a day after his release. Other Islamist allies of former president Omar al-Bashir were also released from prison.

Their release following the coup had come under criticism from opponents of military rule.

Burhan also dismissed the Public Prosecutor and seven prosecutors, while sources said that releasing these people came from the Prosecution without any official confirmation.

The government spokesman's office, still aligned with civilian authorities who were removed last week, said in a statement that the releases of the Bashir-era figures "represent a setback against the state of institutions and the rule of law."

"This step makes clear the political cover for the coup and its real ideological orientation," the office said.

Military authorities did not respond to the request of the office of lawyer Ali Mahmoud Hassanein to interview detained civil leaders.

The US Embassy in Khartoum said it monitored a military raid on a resistance committee in the al-Shajara al-Hamdas neighborhood in Khartoum on October 31 resulted in an unknown number of arrests and injuries.

Movement in and around Khartoum has improved since October 30, said the statement, noting that the Embassy has received unverified reports that several bridges are open while others remain blocked by the military.

"Military checkpoints remain in place, and protesters continue to form their own roadblocks in and around Khartoum. The Embassy has received reports that the road connecting Egypt and Sudan has been blocked by protesters."

"The road to Port Sudan is reportedly no longer blocked by the Beja Tribal Council, but it is not yet confirmed that the route is accessible," it reported.



Gaza Ceasefire Enters Phase Two Despite Unresolved Issues

 Palestinians walk amid buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
Palestinians walk amid buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
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Gaza Ceasefire Enters Phase Two Despite Unresolved Issues

 Palestinians walk amid buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
Palestinians walk amid buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)

A US-backed plan to end the war in Gaza has entered its second phase despite unresolved disputes between Israel and Hamas over alleged ceasefire violations and issues unaddressed in the first stage.

The most contentious questions remain Hamas's refusal to publicly commit to full disarmament, a non-negotiable demand from Israel, and Israel's lack of clarity over whether it will fully withdraw its forces from Gaza.

The creation of a Palestinian technocratic committee, announced on Wednesday, is intended to manage day-to-day governance in post-war Gaza, but it leaves unresolved broader political and security questions.

Below is a breakdown of developments from phase one to the newly launched second stage.

- Gains and gaps in phase one -

The first phase of the plan, part of a 20-point proposal unveiled by US President Donald Trump, began on October 10 and aimed primarily to stop the fighting in the Gaza Strip, allow in aid and secure the return of all remaining living and deceased hostages held by Hamas and allied Palestinian armed groups.

All hostages have since been returned, except for the remains of one Israeli, Ran Gvili.

Israel has accused Hamas of delaying the handover of Gvili's body, while Hamas has said widespread destruction in Gaza made locating the remains difficult.

Gvili's family had urged mediators to delay the transition to phase two.

"Moving on breaks my heart. Have we given up? Ran did not give up on anyone," his sister, Shira Gvili, said after mediators announced the move.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said efforts to recover Gvili's remains would continue but has not publicly commented on the launch of phase two.

Hamas has accused Israel of repeated ceasefire violations, including air strikes, firing on civilians and advancing the so-called "Yellow Line," an informal boundary separating areas under Israeli military control from those under Hamas authority.

Gaza's Hamas-run health ministry said Israeli forces had killed 451 people since the ceasefire took effect.

Israel's military said it had targeted suspected fighters who crossed into restricted zones near the Yellow Line, adding that three Israeli soldiers were also killed by fighters during the same period.

Aid agencies say Israel has not allowed the volume of humanitarian assistance envisaged under phase one, a claim Israel rejects.

Gaza, whose borders and access points remain under Israeli control, continues to face severe shortages of food, clean water, medicine and fuel.

Israel and the United Nations have repeatedly disputed figures on the number of aid trucks permitted to enter the Palestinian territory.

- Disarmament, governance in phase two -

Under the second phase, Gaza is to be administered by a 15-member Palestinian technocratic committee operating under the supervision of a so-called "Board of Peace," to be chaired by Trump.

"The ball is now in the court of the mediators, the American guarantor and the international community to empower the committee," Bassem Naim, a senior Hamas leader, said in a statement on Thursday.

Mediators Egypt, Türkiye and Qatar said Ali Shaath, a former deputy minister in the Ramallah-based Palestinian Authority, had been appointed to lead the committee.

Shaath, in an interview, said the committee would rely on "brains rather than weapons" and would not coordinate with armed groups.

US Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff said phase two aims for the "full demilitarization and reconstruction of Gaza," including the disarmament of all unauthorized armed factions.

Witkoff said Washington expected Hamas to fulfill its remaining obligations, including the return of Gvili's body, warning that failure to do so would bring "serious consequences".

The plan also calls for the deployment of an International Stabilization Force to help secure Gaza and train vetted Palestinian police units.

For Palestinians, the central issue remains Israel's full military withdrawal from Gaza - a step included in the framework but for which no detailed timetable has been announced.

With fundamental disagreements persisting over disarmament, withdrawal and governance, diplomats say the success of phase two will depend on sustained pressure from mediators and whether both sides are willing - or able - to move beyond long-standing red lines.


Lebanon Charges Four Accused of Kidnapping for Israel’s Mossad

A handout photo from Israeli television made available on July 13, 2008, shows a photograph of Ron Arad, an Israeli Air Force navigator who was captured after his fighter jet was shot down in Lebanon in 1986. (Handout / AFP)
A handout photo from Israeli television made available on July 13, 2008, shows a photograph of Ron Arad, an Israeli Air Force navigator who was captured after his fighter jet was shot down in Lebanon in 1986. (Handout / AFP)
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Lebanon Charges Four Accused of Kidnapping for Israel’s Mossad

A handout photo from Israeli television made available on July 13, 2008, shows a photograph of Ron Arad, an Israeli Air Force navigator who was captured after his fighter jet was shot down in Lebanon in 1986. (Handout / AFP)
A handout photo from Israeli television made available on July 13, 2008, shows a photograph of Ron Arad, an Israeli Air Force navigator who was captured after his fighter jet was shot down in Lebanon in 1986. (Handout / AFP)

Four people accused of a kidnapping in Lebanon for Israel's Mossad spy agency last month have been charged, a judicial official said on Thursday, after a retired security officer whose brother was linked to an Israeli airman's disappearance went missing.

Israel has apprehended suspects in Lebanon before and Mossad is accused of regularly attempting to contact Lebanese people to facilitate its operations, while Lebanon has arrested dozens of people on suspicion of collaborating with Israel over the years.

Lebanese authorities believe the agency known for espionage operations outside of Israel's borders was behind the disappearance of retired security officer Ahmad Shukr last month.

Shukr, whose brother Hassan is suspected of involvement in the 1986 capture of Israeli air force navigator Ron Arad, disappeared in the Bekaa region of eastern Lebanon.

Authorities have arrested and charged one Lebanese man and charged three more who remain at large.

The four were charged with "communicating with and working for Mossad within Lebanon in exchange for money, and carrying out the kidnapping of Ahmad Shukr", a judicial official told AFP on condition of anonymity.

The three are "a Lebanese woman, a Lebanese-French man, and a Syrian-Swedish man," the official said.

The Israeli airman Ron Arad, whose plane went down in southern Lebanon during the country's civil war between 1975 and 1990, is now presumed dead and his remains were never returned.

Hassan Shukr was killed in 1988 in a battle between Israeli forces and local fighters, including from the Iran-backed Hezbollah group, a source close to the family told AFP last month, requesting anonymity.


Israeli Strikes Kill Five in Gaza, Say Local Health Authorities

 Makeshift tents shelter displaced Palestinians stand among buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
Makeshift tents shelter displaced Palestinians stand among buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
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Israeli Strikes Kill Five in Gaza, Say Local Health Authorities

 Makeshift tents shelter displaced Palestinians stand among buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
Makeshift tents shelter displaced Palestinians stand among buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)

Two Israeli airstrikes killed five people, including a 16-year-old, in Deir al-Balah on Thursday, said local health authorities.

The Israeli military did not immediately respond to a Reuters request for comment on the incident.

It was not immediately clear what triggered the attacks, which were in areas outside the control of Israeli forces in the strip.

More than 400 Palestinians ‌and three Israeli ‌soldiers have been reported ‌killed ⁠since a ‌fragile ceasefire took effect in October.

Israel has razed buildings and ordered residents out of more than half of Gaza where its troops remain. Nearly all of the territory's more than 2 million people now live in ⁠makeshift homes or damaged buildings in a sliver of ‌territory where Israeli troops have withdrawn ‍and Hamas has ‍reasserted control.

The United Nations children agency ‍said on Tuesday that over 100 children have been killed in Gaza since the ceasefire, including victims of drone and quadcopter attacks.

Israel and Hamas have traded blame for violations of the ceasefire and remain far apart ⁠from each other on key issues, despite the United States announcing the second phase of the ceasefire on Wednesday.

Israel launched its operations in Gaza in the wake of an attack by Hamas-led fighters on October, 2023 which killed 1,200 people, according to Israeli tallies. Israel's assault has killed 71,000 people, according to health authorities in the strip, ‌and left much of Gaza in ruins.