Arab, Foreign Ministers Stress Importance of Roadmap for Future of Global Mining

Arab and international ministerial meetings on mineral wealth and mining are hosted in Riyadh in conjunction with the launch of the Future Minerals Forum on Wednesday. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Arab and international ministerial meetings on mineral wealth and mining are hosted in Riyadh in conjunction with the launch of the Future Minerals Forum on Wednesday. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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Arab, Foreign Ministers Stress Importance of Roadmap for Future of Global Mining

Arab and international ministerial meetings on mineral wealth and mining are hosted in Riyadh in conjunction with the launch of the Future Minerals Forum on Wednesday. (Asharq Al-Awsat)
Arab and international ministerial meetings on mineral wealth and mining are hosted in Riyadh in conjunction with the launch of the Future Minerals Forum on Wednesday. (Asharq Al-Awsat)

As Riyadh is hosting this Wednesday the Future Minerals Forum, under the patronage of Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques King Salman bin Abdulaziz, Arab and foreign ministers underlined the importance of adopting a roadmap based on major axes, to maximize the benefits of the mining sector and supply chains, with the aim to achieve economic prosperity.

This came during the 8th Consultative Meeting of Arab Ministers for Mineral Resources, which was organized on Tuesday by the Saudi ministry of industry and mineral resources and the Arab Industrial Development, Standardization and Mining Organization (AIDSMO), with the participation of 25 heads of delegations and officials, representing more than 30 Arab and foreign countries.

Ministers and Delegations

Participants at the meeting called for strengthening cooperation and coordination between governments, their partners in the private sector and civil society, to work together to achieve sustainable, responsible and comprehensive mining development. They focused on the importance of minerals and metals in the equitable transition to a low-carbon energy future, and the role that each country in the region can assume in developing sustainable and responsible mining value chains.

Mining Challenges

The Arab and foreign ministers noted that the global mining sector was facing several challenges, as countries and mining companies continue to deal with the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic. They pointed that supply chains were recovering with increasing consumer demand, which is compounding the challenge of curbing global warming, in line with the 2015 Paris Agreement and the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference held in Glasgow.

In this context, the participants emphasized the region’s ability to help meet global mining needs in the future, thanks to its large reserves and resources.

Metal Sustainability

The participants also discussed challenges facing the future of sustainable minerals, stressing the importance of finding common ground for developing resilient mining supply chains.

They called for the adoption of a roadmap to promote the dialogue between stakeholders on the future of minerals, investment in mining, and cooperation across the region from Africa to Central Asia.

Ministers and participants noted that minerals and metals provide vital development opportunities to achieve a low-carbon economy through new technologies, including electric vehicles, battery storage, and renewable energy sources.

The demand for important minerals is accelerating and is expected to double in the coming decades, and such growth represents a historic opportunity for the region, they remarked.

Global Demand Growth

Addressing the meeting, the Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Badr Al-Khorayef, emphasized the importance of developing the mining sector through the National Industrial Development and Logistics Services Program, to transform the Kingdom into a leading industrial power in this field.

In this regard, the minister pointed to the launch of a comprehensive strategy for the mining industries, which includes 42 initiatives that aim to raise the sector’s contribution to the domestic product and increase investment opportunities, in parallel with the launching of the new mining investment system and a dedicated electronic platform.

Al-Khorayef also revealed the start of the implementation of the General Geological Survey project, which extends over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in the Arab Shield region.

Meanwhile, investors told Asharq Al-Awsat that re-organizing the mining sector locally, in the region and the world, would constitute an opportunity to attract investments.

EV Metals Group Chairman Abdullah Busfar said that the ongoing Mining conference provided an opportunity to attract local and international investors.

“The obstacles facing the sector in our region center on the lack of culture and understanding of long-term investment in mining, in light of the absence of data and information on mineral reserves and quantities. This requires countries to make preliminary explorations and provide data to companies and investors in order to promote this industry.”

He stressed the need to facilitate and expedite the issuance of exploration licenses, in light of the current race to provide the minerals required for the clean energy industry, such as lithium and nickel.

Abdullah Al-Malehi, a Saudi investor, said that the Saudi private sector was engaging in the Kingdom’s mining industry, pointing in this regard to a number of Saudi businessmen and foreign companies which he said were about to launch major alliances in mega projects.

Al-Malehi explained that his company was finalizing the signing of projects with Saudi companies and international investment funds for investments in sites containing copper and zinc within the Kingdom, following a tender by the Ministry of Industry.

He also highlighted great opportunities in the field of exploration, extraction and the production of raw materials.

Al-Malehi added that his company, “Tamayuz” was planning to bring modern technologies and use artificial intelligence in the field of mining, while working on training Saudi skills, noting that the volume of investment in the sector in Saudi Arabia reached 28 billion riyals ($7.4 billion) in 2020.



Iran's Central Bank Chief Resigns

A man walks past a sign at a currency exchange bureau as the value of the Iranian rial drops, in Tehran, Iran, December 20, 2025. (Via Reuters)
A man walks past a sign at a currency exchange bureau as the value of the Iranian rial drops, in Tehran, Iran, December 20, 2025. (Via Reuters)
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Iran's Central Bank Chief Resigns

A man walks past a sign at a currency exchange bureau as the value of the Iranian rial drops, in Tehran, Iran, December 20, 2025. (Via Reuters)
A man walks past a sign at a currency exchange bureau as the value of the Iranian rial drops, in Tehran, Iran, December 20, 2025. (Via Reuters)

Iran's central bank chief, Mohammad Reza Farzin, has resigned, the semi-official ​Nournews agency reported on Monday, citing an official at the president's office, as the country battles a slump in its rial currency and high inflation.

The rial, which has been falling as the Iranian economy has suffered from the impact of Western sanctions, fell to a ‌new record low on ‌Monday at around 1,390,000 ‌to ⁠the ​dollar, according ‌to websites displaying open market rates.

Iranian media outlets reported there had been demonstrations in the capital Tehran, mainly by shop owners, against the economic situation.

Farzin has headed the central bank since December 2022. His resignation will be reviewed by President Masoud ⁠Pezeshkian, the official added, according to Nournews.

Iranian state media reported ‌later on Monday, citing the communications ‍and information deputy ‍at the Iranian president's office, that former Economy ‍Minister Abdolnaser Hemmati will be appointed as the new central bank chief.

Iranian media have said the government's recent economic liberalization policies have put pressure on the ​open-rate currency market.

The open-rate market is where ordinary Iranians buy foreign currency, whereas businesses typically ⁠use state-regulated rates.

The reimposition of US sanctions in 2018 during President Donald Trump's first term has harmed Iran's economy by limiting its oil exports and access to foreign currency.

The Iranian economy is at risk of recession, with the World Bank forecasting GDP will shrink by 1.7% in 2025 and 2.8% in 2026. The risk is compounded by rising inflation, which hit a 40-month high of ‌48.6% in October, according to Iran's Statistical Center.


Lebanon Signs Deal to Purchase Natural Gas from Egypt

A diesel storage tank is seen at the Middle East Oil Refinery Company (MIDOR) in Alexandria, Egypt, November 7, 2018. REUTERS/Amr Abdallah Dalsh
A diesel storage tank is seen at the Middle East Oil Refinery Company (MIDOR) in Alexandria, Egypt, November 7, 2018. REUTERS/Amr Abdallah Dalsh
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Lebanon Signs Deal to Purchase Natural Gas from Egypt

A diesel storage tank is seen at the Middle East Oil Refinery Company (MIDOR) in Alexandria, Egypt, November 7, 2018. REUTERS/Amr Abdallah Dalsh
A diesel storage tank is seen at the Middle East Oil Refinery Company (MIDOR) in Alexandria, Egypt, November 7, 2018. REUTERS/Amr Abdallah Dalsh

Lebanon said Monday it plans to purchase natural gas from Egypt, seeking to reduce its reliance on fuel oil for its ageing power plants in a country hamstrung by regular electricity cuts.

The electricity sector has cost Lebanon more than $40 billion since the end of its 1975-1990 civil war, and successive governments have failed to reduce losses, repair crumbling infrastructure or even guarantee regular power bill collections.

Residents rely on expensive private generators and solar panels to supplement the unreliable state supply.

Prime Minister Nawaf Salam's office said in a statement that the memorandum of understanding between Lebanon and Egypt sought "to meet Lebanon's needs for natural gas allocated for electricity generation".

It was signed by Lebanese Energy Minister Joe Saddi and Egyptian Petroleum Minister Karim Badawi, according to AFP.

"Lebanon's strategy is first to transition to the use of natural gas, and second, to diversify gas sources," Saddi said, adding that "the process will take time because pipelines need rehabilitation".

Lebanon will "contact donor agencies to see how they can help finance the rehabilitation" of the Lebanese section of the gas pipelines, he said, adding that repair work would take several months.

President Joseph Aoun said the memorandum of understanding was "a practical and essential step that will enable Lebanon to increase its electricity production".

A statement from Cairo's petroleum and mineral resources ministry said that "Egypt is fulfilling its role in supplying Lebanon with natural gas, with the aim of supporting energy security for Arab countries".

In 2022, Lebanon signed a deal to import natural gas from Egypt and Jordan via Syria to boost power supply, but the contracts were never implemented due to financing issues and US sanctions on Syria.

Washington recently lifted it Syria measures following the fall of longtime ruler Bashar al-Assad last year.

In April, Lebanon signed a $250 million agreement with the World Bank to modernise its electricity sector.


Chile to Restore Global Leadership in Lithium Production

Aerial view of brine ponds and processing areas of the lithium mine of the Chilean company SQM (Sociedad Quimica Minera) in the Atacama Desert, Calama, Chile, on September 12, 2022. (AFP)
Aerial view of brine ponds and processing areas of the lithium mine of the Chilean company SQM (Sociedad Quimica Minera) in the Atacama Desert, Calama, Chile, on September 12, 2022. (AFP)
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Chile to Restore Global Leadership in Lithium Production

Aerial view of brine ponds and processing areas of the lithium mine of the Chilean company SQM (Sociedad Quimica Minera) in the Atacama Desert, Calama, Chile, on September 12, 2022. (AFP)
Aerial view of brine ponds and processing areas of the lithium mine of the Chilean company SQM (Sociedad Quimica Minera) in the Atacama Desert, Calama, Chile, on September 12, 2022. (AFP)

Chile's state-owned copper producer, Codelco, together with Chinese-backed private miner, SQM, announced on Saturday the creation of a giant company to exploit lithium, often referred to as "white gold."

The South American country is the world’s second-largest producer of lithium, a key component of EVs and other clean technologies and has about 40% of the world’s lithium reserves.

The partnership between the firms will allow them to jointly ramp up the exploration of lithium in the Atacama region of northern Chile.

The public-private partnership will be named Nova Andino Litio SpA, said Codelco, which described the agreement as one of the most significant deals in Chilean business history.

The Chinese firm Tianqi holds 22% stake in SQM.

In a statement, Codelco said the new partnership will carry out lithium exploration, extraction, production, and commercialization activities in the Atacama salt flat until 2060.

The agreement was approved by more than 20 national and international regulatory authorities, including those in China, Brazil, Saudi Arabia, and the European Union.

Chile was the last of the countries to clear the deal. Last month, China gave the green light to the planned partnership between Codelco and SQM.

The new venture is intended to help Chile regain global leadership in lithium production, a position it lost to Australia nearly a decade ago.

The partnership aims to expand lithium output in the Atacama region, with plans to increase production by around 300,000 tons per year. In 2022, Chile produced 243,100 tons of lithium.

The partnership also aligns with Chile’s National Lithium Strategy, announced in 2023 by the leftist government of President Gabriel Boric, aimed at reclaiming Chile’s global leadership in lithium production.