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UN Urged to Open Query Into Iran's 1988 Killings and Raisi Role

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi. Reuters file photo
Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi. Reuters file photo
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UN Urged to Open Query Into Iran's 1988 Killings and Raisi Role

Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi. Reuters file photo
Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi. Reuters file photo

Prominent former UN judges and investigators have called on UN human rights boss Michelle Bachelet to investigate the 1988 "massacre" of political prisoners in Iran, including the role of its current president, Ebrahim Raisi, at that time.

The open letter released on Thursday, seen by Reuters, was signed by some 460 people, including a former president of the International Criminal Court (ICC), Sang-Hyun Song, and Stephen Rapp, a former US ambassador for global criminal justice.

Raisi, who took office in August, is under US sanctions over a past that includes what the United States and activists say was his involvement as one of four judges who oversaw the 1988 killings.

Amnesty International has put the number executed at some 5,000, saying in a 2018 report that "the real number could be higher".

"The perpetrators continue to enjoy impunity. They include the current Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi and judiciary chief Gholam-Hossein Mohseni Ejei," said the open letter. Ejei succeeded Raisi as head of Iran's judiciary.

Raisi, when asked about activists' allegations that he was involved in the killings, told a news conference in June 2021: "If a judge, a prosecutor has defended the security of the people, he should be praised."

He added: "I am proud to have defended human rights in every position I have held so far."

The letter, organized by the British-based group Justice for Victims of the 1988 Massacre in Iran, was also sent to the UN Human Rights Council, whose 47 member states open a five-week session on Feb. 28.

Other signatories include previous UN investigators into torture and former foreign ministers of Australia, Belgium,
Canada, Italy, Kosovo and Poland.

Javaid Rehman, the UN investigator on human rights in Iran who is due to report to the session, called in an interview with Reuters last June for an independent inquiry into the allegations of state-ordered executions in 1988 and the role played by Raisi as Tehran deputy prosecutor.

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World

IOM Chief: Foreign Aid Cuts Push Up Migrant Flows

Men push a stuck cart toward Sudan at the Adre border post on June 8, 2026. (Photo by Joris Bolomey / AFP)
Men push a stuck cart toward Sudan at the Adre border post on June 8, 2026. (Photo by Joris Bolomey / AFP)
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IOM Chief: Foreign Aid Cuts Push Up Migrant Flows

Men push a stuck cart toward Sudan at the Adre border post on June 8, 2026. (Photo by Joris Bolomey / AFP)
Men push a stuck cart toward Sudan at the Adre border post on June 8, 2026. (Photo by Joris Bolomey / AFP)

Cuts in development aid by wealthy countries tend to drive up displacement away from the world's poorest regions, the head of the UN's International Organization for Migration warned in an interview with AFP on Thursday.

"When we see cuts in development assistance, we're actually just making the likelihood that people will have to leave in search of safety, in search of stability, so much higher," Amy Pope said.

"We've seen it in places like Sudan, which is the world's largest displacement crisis as a result of the war there," she added.

"With decreasing support for humanitarian assistance, we then see more Sudanese look for safety, look for opportunity further afield."

Several rich Western countries -- particularly the United States but also many European nations -- have cut their development aid budgets in recent years, while also tightening migration policies and strengthening border controls.

Pope was speaking on the sidelines of the Berlin Climate Mobility Forum.

"In order to respond to domestic political pressures", many countries are making "short-term decisions... that may not ultimately serve (them) in the long term", he said.

"The more we can connect assistance to the movement of people in ways that are humane and dignified, ways that give people agency and opportunity, the less likely we're going to see large patterns of movement," she said.

Shortly after entering the White House for a second time, US President Donald Trump cut 83 percent of the programs run by USAID. Before the cuts, the US development agency managed some 42 percent of global government humanitarian aid.

Germany has slashed its development budget under successive governments to just over 10 billion euros this year from nearly 14 billion in 2022.

Climate change is having an "enormous impact on migration around the world", Pope said.

Small Pacific island states such as Tuvalu are threatened by rising sea levels, while some 10 million people are estimated to have been displaced because of storms in the Philippines, the IOM chief said.

Several regions of Africa have been affected by prolonged drought.

Pope called on policymakers in the wealthiest countries, which bear the greatest responsibility for climate change, to offer more help for people forced to leave their homes.

"What are they willing to invest now to ensure more stability, more options, less likely occurrence of unplanned migration in the future?" she said.

"Let's not wait for the emergency... Let's make the investments now."

Contrary to the narratives being pushed by some political leaders about migration, most displacement happens within countries rather than across borders, Pope said.

By mid-2024 there were an estimated 304 million international migrants, according to the IOM, and more than 700 million internal migrants worldwide.

"In the first instance, people will stay in their country. They will go somewhere in their country if they can find resources or safety. Then they move in the neighboring countries," Pope said.

Providing support within the countries most affected "actually is a lot less expensive... and will have a more stabilizing effect", she added.

"Really, as policymakers, we should be looking at the issue in terms of where can we provide the most support in a way that saves the most lives."

World

Zelenskiy Says 'Moscow will Burn' if Russian Strikes Continue

Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy (EPA)
Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy (EPA)
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Zelenskiy Says 'Moscow will Burn' if Russian Strikes Continue

Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy (EPA)
Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Volodimir Zelenskiy (EPA)

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said on Thursday heavy drone attacks on Russia were retaliation for a strike that damaged a historic monastery in Kyiv this week, and that "Moscow will burn" if attacks continue.

Scores of drones targeted Moscow overnight, hitting the Russian capital's oil refinery for the second time this week.

"We don't want this war, we never did, and everyone knows it, and our partners know it," Zelenskiy said in a voice message sent to reporters on a WhatsApp group. "But if Ukraine burns, your Moscow will burn."

At least 10 people were killed on Monday across Ukraine in a drone and missile attack that damaged the 1,000-year-old Kyiv Pechersk Lavra monastery, Reuters reported.

Zelenskiy was due to attend a meeting of Ukraine's military allies in Brussels on Thursday. He said the supply of air defences to Ukraine through a NATO programme and the creation of an anti-ballistic missile system by Ukraine and its allies would be discussed at the meeting.

Zelenskiy called on Europe and the United states to increase pressure on Russia through sanctions on Russia's defence and energy sectors and broader economy to force President Vladimir Putin into ending the war.

"Everyone need to put pressure on Putin: Ukrainians, absolutely all the Europeans, Americans, and Russians - it's time to sober up and put pressure on their leader."

World

Gunfire at Airport in Niger's Capital

General view of Niamey, the capital of Niger (Reuters)
General view of Niamey, the capital of Niger (Reuters)
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Gunfire at Airport in Niger's Capital

General view of Niamey, the capital of Niger (Reuters)
General view of Niamey, the capital of Niger (Reuters)

Gunfire erupted early on Thursday at the airport in Niger's capital, Niamey, residents told AFP, five months after a terrorist attack at the facility.

Niger has been ruled for the past three years by a military junta that has struggled to contain violence blamed on terrorists.

In January, the Diori Hamani international airport in Niamey and a military drone base were targeted in an attack claimed by the ISIS in the Sahel (EIS).

Nigerien armed forces and their Russian allies repelled the strike, which was a rare development since violence had previously been contained to other parts of the vast Sahel country.

"I heard the first shots around 6 o'clock (0500 GMT). The shooting was coming from the airport entrance," a resident told AFP by telephone on Thursday.

He said firing was still ongoing two hours later.

Another resident confirmed the gunfire was coming from the airport entrance, where there is a security checkpoint.

A number of residents said a large military presence had been put in place at the airport.

Twenty assailants were killed and four soldiers wounded in the surprise assault on January 29, which caused damage, authorities said.

The head of the ruling junta, Abdourahamane Tiani, who seized power in a coup in July 2023, said on state television "a flaw in the system" had "enabled the attack", whose aim, he said, "was to destroy all of the air capabilities" of the army.

In recent weeks, the authorities have started tearing down thousands of illegally built homes next to Niamey airport.

They alleged the shanty towns had been infiltrated by extremists.

The demolitions affected 26,000 people living in four neighborhoods that occupy nearly a quarter of the airport area, authorities said.

The airport perimeter fence has been extended and more than 350 security cameras installed inside and outside the perimeter.

Niger and its military-ruled allies in west Africa -- Burkina Faso and Mali -- have faced a decade of violence attributed to extremists.

They have moved away from former colonial power France and sought support from other partners.