OPEC Fund Considers Issuing $1Bn Bonds

OFID Director-General Abdulhamid al-Khalifa (Asharq Al-Awsat)
OFID Director-General Abdulhamid al-Khalifa (Asharq Al-Awsat)
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OPEC Fund Considers Issuing $1Bn Bonds

OFID Director-General Abdulhamid al-Khalifa (Asharq Al-Awsat)
OFID Director-General Abdulhamid al-Khalifa (Asharq Al-Awsat)

OPEC Fund for International Development (OFID) is considering issuing its first financial bonds this year in global markets, amounting to one billion dollars, announced the Director General, Abdulhamid al-Khalifa.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of the Islamic Development Bank Group (IsDB) meeting in Sharm el-Sheikh, Khalifa explained that the Fund could issue low-interest bonds following last year's high credit rating, but it is waiting for international markets to stabilize.

Khalifa added that the expected value of the first bonds offered by the Fund might be $300 million, $500 million, or $1 billion, in light of the Fund's plans to diversify funding sources.

He indicated that OFID appointed managers for the offering from several countries without naming them.

The OPEC Fund for International Development (the OPEC Fund) is a multilateral development finance institution established in 1976.

The organization cooperates with developing country partners and the international development community to stimulate economic growth and social progress in low- and middle-income countries around the world.

It is a permanent development finance institution agency with private sector and trade finance operations to help improve development impact and strengthen the institution's sustainability.

The OPEC Fund is the only globally mandated development institution that exclusively provides financing from member countries to non-member countries.

Khalifa asserted that the Fund is developmental and targets non-member countries only even though some of its members are developing countries.

Since its establishment, the Fund has been providing development assistance in 125 countries with a total financial cost of $190 billion, said the director, adding that its capital is about $7.5 billion.

At the moment, the Fund doesn't intend to increase its capital or the members' subscriptions.

Khalifa explained that the OFID selects projects that are usually high-risk, which commercial banks typically refuse to finance.

"Development institutions do not compete with commercial banks in financing projects. They were established to take high risks. However, it is necessary to ensure the sustainability of the return on these projects, and that they should be at least able to repay the provided financing to be sustainable for a longer period."

He indicated that OFID usually finances long-term projects, noting that three years ago, the Fund adopted a policy that depends on a speedy response to the requests of developing countries.

The head of the Fund stated that about 50 percent of the financing provided by the Fund is in African countries, including the Arab countries in North Africa and Sudan.

"We have provided funding to other Arab countries, the Caribbean, Eastern Europe, and Asia regions."

He explained that the Fund targets the transport, health, education, and energy sectors, which are among the important sectors, in addition to the agriculture and water sectors.

"The total loans approved in 2021 amounted to about $1.8 billion," said Khalifa, expecting it to increase to $2 billion in 2022.

He pointed out that more than one billion dollars were spent in the health and related sectors during the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic.

The Fund is now focusing on the food crisis, which is a new crisis that arose in developing countries, said Khalifa.

"We receive many requests for assistance in the food sector, in light of the current food crisis, which is not due to the repercussions of the war only, but to cumulative reasons, such as desertification,” he indicated, noting that the war exacerbated the situation.

The Fund is in talks with other partners from Arab and international development institutions to prepare an aid package for developing countries to help mitigate the impacts of the current food crisis.

Khalifa did not specify the size of the aid, saying it is still under consideration to determine the financial allocation.

The Director concluded his interview with Asharq Al-Awsat by asserting the importance of the OFED Forum, scheduled before the end of this month, to discuss implementing the decisions and recommendations of the Fund to accelerate development results and returns on the countries and projects.

The OPEC Fund will host its inaugural Development Forum in Vienna, Austria, on June 21, 2022. Focusing on climate, energy, and food security, the Forum will gather government leaders, heads of institutions, and expert practitioners from the public and private sectors to share their views on the state of play and future scenarios for international development.



IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
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IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference on Emerging Market Economies (EME) to enhance cooperation between the two institutions.

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki, SPA reported.

The agreement aims to strengthen coordination in economic and financial policy areas, including surveillance and lending activities, data and analytical exchange, capacity building, and the provision of technical assistance, in support of regional financial and economic stability.

Both sides affirmed that the MoU represents an important step toward deepening their strategic partnership and strengthening the regional financial safety net, serving member countries and enhancing their ability to address economic challenges.


Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
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Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT

The Federation of Saudi Chambers announced the formation of the first joint Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council for its inaugural term (1447–1451 AH) and the election of Salman bin Hassan Al-Oqayel as its chairman.

Al-Oqayel said the council’s formation marks a pivotal milestone in economic relations between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, reflecting a practical approach to enabling the business sectors in both countries to capitalize on promising investment opportunities and strengthen bilateral trade and investment partnerships, SPA reported.

He noted that trade between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait reached approximately SAR9.5 billion by the end of November 2025, including SAR8 billion in Saudi exports and SAR1.5 billion in Kuwaiti imports.


Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
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Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).

Harvard University economics professor Pol Antràs said Saudi Arabia represents an exceptional model in the shifting global trade landscape, differing fundamentally from traditional emerging-market frameworks. He also stressed that globalization has not ended but has instead re-formed into what he describes as fragmented integration.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Antràs said Saudi Arabia’s Vision-driven structural reforms position the Kingdom to benefit from the ongoing phase of fragmented integration, adding that the country’s strategic focus on logistics transformation and artificial intelligence constitutes a key engine for sustainable growth that extends beyond the volatility of global crises.

Antràs, the Robert G. Ory Professor of Economics at Harvard University, is one of the leading contemporary theorists of international trade. His research, which reshaped understanding of global value chains, focuses on how firms organize cross-border production and how regulation and technological change influence global trade flows and corporate decision-making.

He said conventional classifications of economies often obscure important structural differences, noting that the term emerging markets groups together countries with widely divergent industrial bases. Economies that depend heavily on manufacturing exports rely critically on market access and trade integration and therefore face stronger competitive pressures from Chinese exports that are increasingly shifting toward alternative markets.

Saudi Arabia, by contrast, exports extensively while facing limited direct competition from China in its primary export commodity, a situation that creates a strategic opportunity. The current environment allows the Kingdom to obtain imports from China at lower cost and access a broader range of goods that previously flowed largely toward the United States market.

Addressing how emerging economies should respond to dumping pressures and rising competition, Antràs said countries should minimize protectionist tendencies and instead position themselves as committed participants in the multilateral trading system, allowing foreign producers to access domestic markets while encouraging domestic firms to expand internationally.

He noted that although Chinese dumping presents concerns for countries with manufacturing sectors that compete directly with Chinese production, the risk is lower for Saudi Arabia because it does not maintain a large manufacturing base that overlaps directly with Chinese exports. Lower-cost imports could benefit Saudi consumers, while targeted policy tools such as credit programs, subsidies, and support for firms seeking to redesign and upgrade business models represent more effective responses than broad protectionist measures.

Globalization has not ended

Antràs said globalization continues but through more complex structures, with trade agreements increasingly negotiated through diverse arrangements rather than relying primarily on multilateral negotiations. Trade deals will continue to be concluded, but they are likely to become more complex, with uncertainty remaining a defining feature of the global trading environment.

Interest rates and artificial intelligence

According to Antràs, high global interest rates, combined with the additional risk premiums faced by emerging markets, are constraining investment, particularly in sectors that require export financing, capital expenditure, and continuous quality upgrading.

However, he noted that elevated interest rates partly reflect expectations of stronger long-term growth driven by artificial intelligence and broader technological transformation.

He also said if those growth expectations materialize, productivity gains could enable small and medium-sized enterprises to forecast demand more accurately and identify previously untapped markets, partially offsetting the negative effects of higher borrowing costs.

Employment concerns and the role of government

The Harvard professor warned that labor markets face a dual challenge stemming from intensified Chinese export competition and accelerating job automation driven by artificial intelligence, developments that could lead to significant disruptions, particularly among younger workers. He said governments must adopt proactive strategies requiring substantial fiscal resources to mitigate near-term labor-market shocks.

According to Antràs, productivity growth remains the central condition for success: if new technologies deliver the anticipated productivity gains, governments will gain the fiscal space needed to compensate affected groups and retrain the workforce, achieving a balance between addressing short-term disruptions and investing in long-term strategic gains.