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Egypt Condemns Ethiopian ‘Procrastination’ in Resolving GERD Crisis

Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry at the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs (ECFA) annual conference (Egyptian Foreign Ministry)
Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry at the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs (ECFA) annual conference (Egyptian Foreign Ministry)
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Egypt Condemns Ethiopian ‘Procrastination’ in Resolving GERD Crisis

Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry at the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs (ECFA) annual conference (Egyptian Foreign Ministry)
Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry at the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs (ECFA) annual conference (Egyptian Foreign Ministry)

Egypt asserted that it adheres to "restraint" despite Ethiopia's "procrastination" in reaching a legal framework regarding the Grand Ethiopia Renaissance Dam (GERD), announced Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry on Sunday.

Shoukry accused some upstream countries of attempting to monopolize and control water resources.

Egypt fears the GERD would damage its limited share of the Nile water, about 55.5 billion cubic meters, which the country needs for more than 90 percent of its supply of drinking water, irrigation for agriculture, and industry.

During the inauguration of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs (ECFA) annual conference, Shoukry reviewed the water security challenges facing the Middle East and the African continent.

The Minister noted that some upstream countries are trying to monopolize the water resource and control it without regard for the capabilities of other riparian countries.

Egypt adopted a position that does not object to establishing development projects in the Nile River basin countries as long as there was prior coordination and it did not harm the downstream countries.

Egypt has been in futile negotiations for more than a decade with Ethiopia and Sudan in an attempt to reach an agreement.

Shoukry said the negotiations stumbled due to Ethiopia's procrastination in reaching a binding legal framework for filling and operating the Dam, stressing Egypt's adherence to restraint and observance of the rights of the Ethiopian people.

He asserted the need to reach, without delay or procrastination, a binding legal agreement regarding the GERD filling and operation.

Negotiations between the three countries have been frozen since April 2021 after the failure of the African Union (AU) to mediate a solution to the dispute.

Egypt resorted to the UN Security Council to protest and demand pressure on Ethiopia through international partners to accept an agreement that satisfies all parties.

Head of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs (ECFA) Mohammed al-Orabi noted that Ethiopia was unwilling to negotiate, accusing it of unilaterally and annually filling the reservoir.

Orabi told Asharq Al-Awsat that the statements of Ethiopian officials claiming Addis Ababa's readiness for negotiations could have been more profound.

The diplomat called for international intervention to solve the issue, threatening the entire region's stability.

In recent months, the US showed interest in following this issue closely, according to the Foreign Ministry spokesman Ahmed Abu Zeid on the sidelines of US Secretary of State Anthony Blinken's visit to Cairo in January.

Blinken said Washington supported any solution that considers all parties' interests, calling on all parties involved in the GERD issue to show flexibility to deal with the existential interests that Egypt has in this regard.

On August 11, the Ethiopian government announced the operation of a second turbine in the Dam to generate electricity. It also announced the completion of the third phase of filling the reservoir, which was met with an Egyptian-Sudanese protest.

A few weeks ago, satellite images showed Ethiopian preparations to start the fourth filling of the GERD ahead of the rainy season next summer.

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Arab World

UNHCR Official Expects One Million Syrian Refugees to Return in 2026

People walk along a street in Damascus, Syria, December 18, 2025. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi

People walk along a street in Damascus, Syria, December 18, 2025. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi

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UNHCR Official Expects One Million Syrian Refugees to Return in 2026

People walk along a street in Damascus, Syria, December 18, 2025. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi

People walk along a street in Damascus, Syria, December 18, 2025. REUTERS/Khalil Ashawi


The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has projected that around one million Syrian refugees are expected to return to their country during 2026, amid what it described as a “gradual recovery” in Syria following the fall of Bashar al-Assad’s regime on December 8, 2024.

Speaking in an interview with Türkiye’s Anadolu Agency, UNHCR’s Representative in Syria, Gonzalo Vargas Llosa, said that approximately 1.3 million Syrian refugees and nearly two million internally displaced persons have returned to their areas of origin since December 2024.

“This means more than three million Syrians have returned to their homes within a relatively short period of time, in a country exhausted by years of war at the economic, infrastructural, and service levels,” he said.

Vargas Llosa recalled that on December 9, 2024, he and his team traveled to the Lebanese border, where they witnessed thousands of Syrians spontaneously returning home after more than 14 years of forced displacement.

Need for International Support
Concerning future prospects, Llosa said since Assad’s fall, most returnees came to Syria from Türkiye, Lebanon, and Jordan, with smaller numbers returning from Egypt and Iraq.

“UNHCR estimates suggest that more that more than four million Syrians may return within the next two years,” he added.

“This large-scale return is taking place under extremely difficult conditions,” Losa said, stressing that international financial support is an urgent and critical necessity to ensure stability and prevent a further deterioration of the humanitarian situation.

Active Turkish Role
The UN official praised Türkiye’s role, noting that Ankara’s long-term hosting of refugees and its support for the new Syrian government after December 8, 2024, have helped create a positive climate for recovery.

“Representatives from the Turkish private sector have started visiting Syria to explore investment opportunities,” describing the trend as a sign of a new phase of reconstruction.

End of Isolation
Assessing the current situation, Llosa said Syria is witnessing a complex transition that will require time, given the vast destruction left by 14 years of war.

He noted that Syria’s recovery after a long war will not be immediate.
However, he praised the Syrian government and people for successfully reconnecting the country with the world in a relatively short time.

“This is a positive sign,” he said, stressing that coordinated international support is needed to improve economic conditions.

Key for Recovery
The UNHCR representative noted that lifting sanctions and encouraging private investment will be key to accelerating the reconstruction process.

Llosa noted that the UN agency and its partners are providing direct support to returnees, particularly in re-issuing official documents.

He said one quarter of returnees lack basic documents, including IDs and property papers.

On Thursday, US President Donald Trump signed the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026, which included the lifting of sanctions imposed on Syria under the Caesar Act.

Arab World

32% of Yemenis in Houthi-controlled Areas Live in Moderate to Severe Hunger

The sun sets over a residential neighborhood of Sanaa, Yemen, 20 December 2025. EPA/YAHYA ARHAB
The sun sets over a residential neighborhood of Sanaa, Yemen, 20 December 2025. EPA/YAHYA ARHAB
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32% of Yemenis in Houthi-controlled Areas Live in Moderate to Severe Hunger

The sun sets over a residential neighborhood of Sanaa, Yemen, 20 December 2025. EPA/YAHYA ARHAB
The sun sets over a residential neighborhood of Sanaa, Yemen, 20 December 2025. EPA/YAHYA ARHAB

Recent UN data has revealed a rising hunger crisis in areas under the control of the Houthi militias, who have increased their repressive measures in targeting hundreds of local employees working for the United Nations and humanitarian organizations.

Local sources announced that the UN has suspended its activities in Houthi-controlled areas following the arrest of 69 of its staff members. This step reflects the scale of violations affecting humanitarian work and casts a heavy shadow over millions of aid beneficiaries in a country suffering from one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises.

The World Food Program’s Yemen Food Security Update said that 32 percent of households in Houthi-controlled areas reported moderate to severe hunger (Phase 3+) in November 2025 compared to 25 percent in areas controlled by the internationally recognized government.

The use of crisis or emergency livelihood coping strategies was more widespread in Houthi-controlled areas (66 percent) than in government areas (58 percent), it said.

A greater proportion of households in Houthi areas (49 percent) reported restricting adults’ food consumption in favor of children, compared to 44 percent in government areas.

These patterns highlight deeper vulnerability in areas run by the Houthis, amid “prolonged assistance suspension and limited livelihood options,” the Food Security Update added.

As the food crisis worsens, sources working in the relief sector told Asharq Al-Awsat that the Houthis have prevented hundreds of Yemeni employees working for the UN and international and local relief organizations - as well as those who had previously worked with foreign diplomatic missions - from leaving areas under their control.

According to the sources, these individuals are subjected to house-arrest conditions and have become vulnerable to arrest at any time.

The sources also reported that the group used employee data that had previously been submitted through organizations and passed it to its intelligence arm.

Lists including the names of all staff working for organizations, in addition to those who had worked with diplomatic missions, were circulated to security checkpoints spread from the outskirts of Sanaa to the front lines with government-controlled areas.

This week, the total number of UN staffers detained by the Houthis rose to 69.

Arab World

Building Collapses Pose Another Threat to People in Gaza

Palestinians walk along a street surrounded by buildings destroyed during Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City, Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP)
Palestinians walk along a street surrounded by buildings destroyed during Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City, Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP)
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Building Collapses Pose Another Threat to People in Gaza

Palestinians walk along a street surrounded by buildings destroyed during Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City, Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP)
Palestinians walk along a street surrounded by buildings destroyed during Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City, Wednesday, Dec. 17, 2025. (AP)

Residents of Gaza are taking the risk of living in damaged buildings despite their possibility of collapse, opting to live with a roof over their heads than stay in tents that do little to shelter them from the cold, rain and wind.

The enclave had been under a cold front that brought with it heavy rain and strong winds that led to the collapse of 20 damaged houses and buildings in less than ten days, claiming the lives of over 15 Palestinians.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, a Civil Defense spokesman warned against delaying in tackling the issue of damaged buildings.

A building collapsed in the Sheikh Radwan neighborhood in northern Gaza in the early morning on Sunday, killing a man, his wife, two children and granddaughter, who had lost her father and son during the war.

Civil Defense teams managed to rescue three members of the family from under the rubble of the multi-storey building that had been partially damaged during the conflict.

In just the past ten days, no less than six buildings collapsed in Sheikh Radwan.

Experts believed that the Israeli forces’ demolition operations have raised the risk of collapse of damaged buildings.

The forces are deploying booby-trapped vehicles and remotely detonating them. The strength of the detonations can be felt several kilometers away, even in Israel itself.

Israel is carrying out these operations along the so-called yellow line that is serving as a new military boundary in Gaza.

Civil Defense spokesman in Gaza Mahmoud Basal said over 90 residential buildings are at the risk of collapse because they are partially damaged. Thousands of people live in those houses and have no other shelter.

He told Asharq Al-Awsat that specialized teams have carried out field tours and inspections of the buildings, urging residents to evacuate them given the risk.

He added that the Civil Defense is facing a shortage in tools to rescue people from a building in case of a collapse, saying teams are relying on primitive means to rescue people from under the rubble.

Meanwhile, people sheltering in tents can do little to shield themselves from the cold, Basal added. The tents are prone to taking in rainwater and have already been damaged by the elements.

He underlined the need to come to the aid of the people of Gaza and to rebuild the enclave because delays are only putting lives in danger.