Saudi FM to Asharq Al-Awsat: Agreement with Iran Sign of Joint Will to Resolve Disputes through Dialogue

Prince Faisal says he hopes China’s sponsorship of the agreement will bolster regional security

Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah. (SPA)
Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah. (SPA)
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Saudi FM to Asharq Al-Awsat: Agreement with Iran Sign of Joint Will to Resolve Disputes through Dialogue

Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah. (SPA)
Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah. (SPA)

Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan bin Abdullah said the Saudi-Iranian agreement to restore diplomatic relations underscores the joint desire by both sides to “resolve disputes through communication and dialogue.”

He added, however: “This does not mean that an agreement has been reached to resolve all pending disputes between them.”

Riyadh and Tehran agreed in Beijing on Friday to reestablish ties that were severed in 2016. They also agreed to reopen their embassies within two months.

In his first interview since the China-sponsored agreement was reached, Prince Faisal said he was looking forward to meeting his Iranian counterpart soon to build on the deal.

“We are preparing to restore our diplomatic ties within two months, so it is normal for us to exchange visits in the future,” he remarked.

On his latest visit to Kyiv and Moscow and talks about a Saudi mediation to stop the Ukraine-Russia war, he stressed that the Kingdom was “prepared to exert efforts and work with the two countries to reach a political solution that ends the crisis and fighting and saves lives.”

Saudi Arabia and Iran agreed to restore diplomatic ties and reopen their embassies within two months. What is Saudi Arabia’s direct interest in such a deal? Will it pave the way for a new phase in the region, on the political and economic levels, and in complicated regional files?

Diplomatic ties are at the core of relations between countries. This is doubly significant for two neighboring countries of the size of Saudi Arabia and Iran. They share several religious, historic and cultural ties.

So, the agreement was reached through China’s sponsorship and mediation and after several rounds of talks over the past two years in Iraq and Oman.

Saudi Arabia is forging ahead in the path of de-escalation it has chosen because of its sense of responsibility in bolstering regional and international security and stability.

Agreeing to restore diplomatic ties does not mean we have reached a solution to all disputes between us. Rather, it is a sign of our joint will to resolve them through communication and dialogue and peaceful and diplomatic means.

We, in the Kingdom, hope to open a new chapter with Iran and bolster cooperation that would consolidate security and stability and push forward development and prosperity, not just in both our countries, but the entire region.

When will you meet with the Iranian foreign minister to activate the agreement and arrange for the exchange of ambassadors? Will we soon see you in Tehran?

I am looking forward to meeting with the Iranian foreign minister soon to build on the agreement. We will prepare to restore diplomatic relations within the next two months. It is natural to exchange visits.

Riyadh and Tehran stressed in their joint statement “non-interference in the affairs of other countries and respect for their sovereignty.” Washington has cast doubt on Iran’s commitment. Does the agreement have any conditions related to meddling in the affairs of others and do you believe Iran will respect this?

One of the most important demands for opening a new chapter in ties with Iran is committing to the agreement signed between us. There is no doubt that both our countries and the region have an interest in activating joint cooperation and coordination and focusing on development instead of hegemony.

Such an approach will achieve the aspirations and hopes of our peoples and generations to come for a better future that is secure, stable and prosperous. We hope the Iranians share our hope and goals and we look forward to working with them to achieve them.

Iran has for some time now been grappling with several crises, such as the collapse of the negotiations over its nuclear program and internal problems that have led to one crisis after another, as well as its struggling economy. Some voices, especially western ones, believe this new agreement may be a lifeline to the Iranian regime. What do you think?

I won’t reply to most of what was brought up in the question because they are mostly related to Iran’s internal affairs. What I can say is that Iran is a neighboring country, whose stability and development will benefit the interest and development of the region. We, in Saudi Arabia, only wish it well.

As for Iran’s continued development of its nuclear capabilities, this, no doubt, is cause for alarm. We have repeatedly called for the Gulf region and Middle East to be free of weapons of mass destruction. We call on Iran to commit to its nuclear pledges and intensify its cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency. We will continue to work with allies and friends to ensure that.

China is not in the habit of throwing its diplomatic weight in initiatives aimed at resolving regional crises. The question is: Why was China specifically the mediator, not another country?

As the joint statement said, Saudi Arabia welcomed the initiative proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping. It worked with it as an extension of the negotiations that it has been holding with the Iranians for two years. It is no secret that China enjoys positive relations with Saudi Arabia and Iran that has helped achieve rapprochement and highlight the Kingdom’s legitimate concerns.

We hope China’s sponsorship of the agreement would bolster coexistence and security in our region, and good neighborliness between countries. The three countries have a joint interest in preparing a regional environment that is marked by peace, security and stability so that they can work on building and developing regional and international partnerships that achieve economic development and prosperity for the people.

You had proposed an initiative in Moscow to end the Ukraine conflict. Can you shed more light on your diplomatic efforts there, specifically how accepting the warring parties were of any Saudi role? Have you made progress in this area and are you optimistic over your success?

We were and are still ready to exert efforts and to work with both countries to reach a political solution that would end the crisis and fighting and save lives.

The efforts of Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, led to a prisoner exchange between the two sides. The Kingdom has been focusing on meeting the immediate humanitarian needs that emerged from the war. Our humanitarian response in Ukraine is evidence of this drive.

The situation requires both parties, as well as the international community, to stop the dangerous escalation that has harmed the two countries and Europe’s security and weakened international cooperation.



Saudi Arabia Welcomes Yemen Prisoner Exchange Agreement

Officials are seen at the announcement of the prisoner exchange in Muscat. (Saudi Ambassador to Yemen on X)
Officials are seen at the announcement of the prisoner exchange in Muscat. (Saudi Ambassador to Yemen on X)
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Saudi Arabia Welcomes Yemen Prisoner Exchange Agreement

Officials are seen at the announcement of the prisoner exchange in Muscat. (Saudi Ambassador to Yemen on X)
Officials are seen at the announcement of the prisoner exchange in Muscat. (Saudi Ambassador to Yemen on X)

Saudi Arabia welcomed on Tuesday the agreement signed in Muscat earlier to exchange prisoners and detainees in Yemen.

It deemed the development “an important humanitarian step that contributes to alleviating human suffering and boosting confidence-building opportunities.”

The Kingdom praised “the sincere efforts and generous initiatives exerted by Oman in hosting and sponsoring the talks, as well as its support for the negotiating efforts conducted from December 9 to 23.”

The Kingdom also hailed the efforts by the Office of the United Nations Special Envoy for Yemen, the International Committee of the Red Cross, and all parties who participated in the negotiations.

It reiterated its support for all efforts to achieve peace, security, and stability in a manner that fulfills the aspirations of the Yemeni people.

Yemen’s legitimate government and the Iran-backed Houthi militants reached an agreement to free 2,900 detainees held during the 11-year war.

Saudi Ambassador Mohamed Al-Haber said in a statement on X that the agreement was signed under the supervision of the Office of the UN Special Envoy for Yemen and the ICRC, “which will enable all detainees to return to their families.”

“I commend the efforts of the negotiation teams from both sides who succeeded in reaching an understanding and concluding this agreement, which addresses a humanitarian issue and strengthens efforts to bring calm and build confidence in Yemen,” he added.

The UN special envoy, Hans Grundberg, said the agreement was a “positive and meaningful step that will hopefully ease the suffering of detainees and their families across Yemen.”

“We are ready and determined to carry out the release, transfer and repatriation of detainees so that people separated from their families can be reunited in a safe and dignified manner,” said Christine Cipolla, the ICRC’s head of delegation in Yemen.


Saudi-US Ties See Year of Stronger Political Interests, Defense Cooperation

The reception ceremony for Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, on the South Lawn of the White House, November 2025. (AFP)
The reception ceremony for Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, on the South Lawn of the White House, November 2025. (AFP)
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Saudi-US Ties See Year of Stronger Political Interests, Defense Cooperation

The reception ceremony for Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, on the South Lawn of the White House, November 2025. (AFP)
The reception ceremony for Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Crown Prince and Prime Minister, on the South Lawn of the White House, November 2025. (AFP)

Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy in 2025 crystallized the Kingdom’s strategic priorities, reinforcing its standing as a trusted international mediator for major powers, its leadership in pressing for an end to the war in Gaza, and its firm rejection of displacement of the Palestinian people.

Riyadh doubled down on its advocacy of a two-state solution and the establishment of a Palestinian state, while stepping up support for Syria and working to strengthen collective regional security, including that of the Gulf Cooperation Council. At the same time, the Kingdom moved to deepen cooperation with the United States and other global powers.

Two Saudi-US summits stood out during the year, held during what were described as historic visits. The first came in May, when US President Donald Trump visited Saudi Arabia, followed by a November visit to the United States by Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Saudi Crown Prince and Prime Minister.

Together, the two meetings highlighted Riyadh’s exceptional international standing in 2025.

During Trump’s visit to Riyadh, the US president praised the Crown Prince’s leadership, saying he best represented America’s strong allies. He said that a bright dawn awaited the Middle East, describing Saudi Arabia as the heart and center of the world, and stating that Riyadh was on track to become a global business hub.

During the Crown Prince’s visit to Washington, the two countries signed a broad package of agreements, including a Strategic Defense Agreement, the second such defense accord signed by Saudi Arabia in 2025.

The deals also encompassed a defense sales package, cooperation on civil nuclear energy, a strategic partnership on artificial intelligence, a framework for securing uranium and critical mineral supply chains, and measures to accelerate investments, among other initiatives.

Trump announced that Saudi Arabia would be designated a major non-NATO ally and praised Saudi negotiating skills, calling them “great negotiators.”

Backing Syria’s recovery

Although the war in Gaza continued to dominate global attention in 2025, sweeping changes in Syria prompted Saudi Arabia to play an active role in supporting the transition, with an eye toward the country’s recovery and international recognition of its new leadership.

After Saudi Arabia announced in late December last year that a Saudi delegation led by a Royal Court adviser had visited Damascus and met Ahmed al-Sharaa, then the leader of the new administration and now Syria’s interim president, Riyadh moved to intensify its support.

Saudi air and land bridges continued to deliver aid to the Syrian people, alongside humanitarian, medical and development projects set to expand by the end of the year to more than 103 projects, with a total cost nearing $100 million.

In addition to receiving Sharaa three times in 2025, Saudi Arabia pressed for the lifting of US sanctions on Syria at the direct request of Crown Prince Mohammed. Support also included settling Syria’s outstanding debts to the World Bank, estimated at around $15 million, and covering part of the salaries of Syrian government employees through a joint initiative with Qatar and the United Nations.

Saudi Arabia also continued to confront Israeli violations in the region, with senior officials repeatedly rejecting Israeli actions that went beyond the Gaza war to include violations of the sovereignty of several countries, including Syria, Qatar and Iran.

The Crown Prince reaffirmed Saudi Arabia’s unlimited support for Qatar following an Israeli attack on a Hamas meeting there in September 2025.

Rejecting attempts to sideline the Palestinian cause

Riyadh moved to counter what it described as attempts to “liquidate the Palestinian cause”. A statement issued in February reaffirmed Saudi Arabia’s unwavering position on the establishment of a Palestinian state.

Crown Prince Mohammed said the stance was “clear and explicit, leaving no room for interpretation,” stressing that Saudi Arabia would not establish relations with Israel without the creation of a Palestinian state and that the position was “firm and not subject to negotiation or bidding.”

The statement, issued about an hour after remarks by Trump during a White House press conference with the Israeli prime minister, was welcomed by the Palestinian Authority.

President Mahmoud Abbas praised what he called Saudi Arabia’s “sincere fraternal positions,” rejecting settlement expansion, annexation and displacement, and commended Riyadh’s continued humanitarian support for Gaza and its diplomatic efforts, including the establishment of a global alliance to mobilize recognition of the State of Palestine and the convening of an international peace conference in June.

Two-state solution

After two years in which Saudi Arabia brought together Arab and Islamic leaders over Gaza, a high-level international conference on the peaceful settlement of the Palestinian question and implementation of the two-state solution was held in September under Saudi and French leadership.

The meeting adopted the New York Declaration, which won broad backing in the UN General Assembly in what was described as a historic and decisive moment for peace, security and stability in the Middle East.

In comments to Asharq Al-Awsat, the Palestinian prime minister praised Saudi Arabia’s firm positions, saying they had helped mature international stances toward recognizing a Palestinian state and providing all possible support, noting that the two-state solution remained the foundation for peace and stability in the region.

Global influence and mediation

In February 2025, Diriyah hosted Saudi-sponsored talks between the United States and Russia aimed at improving relations. The US State Department described the summit as a significant step forward, while Kremlin diplomatic adviser Yuri Ushakov called it a success.

The following month, Jeddah hosted US-Ukrainian talks under the patronage of Crown Prince Mohammed, alongside US foreign and national security officials, as well as Ukraine’s defense minister and head of the president’s office.

Michael Mitchell, the US State Department’s regional spokesperson, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the world was closer than ever to a Russia-Ukraine ceasefire following the Saudi-hosted negotiations.

He expressed Washington’s appreciation for Saudi Arabia’s role in advancing diplomatic efforts and hosting key talks, reaffirming the US commitment to working with all parties to achieve lasting peace in Ukraine.

As part of its mediation role, Saudi efforts alongside other countries also helped contain tensions between Pakistan and India, which had seen the worst military escalation between the two nuclear-armed neighbors before a comprehensive and immediate ceasefire was announced in May.

Pakistan’s Ambassador to Saudi Arabia Ahmad Farooq stated that Riyadh played a decisive role, engaging actively from the outset through high-level contacts and visits to both countries to facilitate de-escalation.

Defense partnerships

The Atlantic Council noted that the recent strengthening of US-Saudi defense cooperation reflected a pragmatic partnership based on shared interests rather than dependency, extending beyond arms sales to include intelligence sharing, tactical coordination to protect maritime routes, and joint efforts to build Saudi domestic defense capabilities.

Earlier, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan signed a Strategic Joint Defense Agreement during the official visit of Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif to the Kingdom in September.

The agreement stipulates that an attack on either country would be considered an attack on both. The move drew widespread international media attention and praise from political and military circles, particularly given that the two countries do not share a direct border.

Saudi national security analyst Ahmed al-Quraishi told Asharq Al-Awsat that the agreement conveyed a significant message to multiple regional actors, while emphasizing that Saudi sources had made it clear that it was not directed at any specific country or development.

He described it as a mature strategic outlook, noting that Riyadh had emphasized there was no hostile intent behind the arrangement.

Pakistani journalist Abdul Rahman Hayat told Asharq Al-Awsat that the agreement represented the emergence of a new Islamic pole, reflecting Saudi Arabia’s regional and Islamic standing alongside Pakistan’s status as the world’s only Islamic nuclear power.

He said the deal would strengthen Islamic unity under Saudi leadership and help deter external violations.

Focus on Sudan and Yemen

In addition to its role within the international quartet on Sudan, Crown Prince Mohammed sought to persuade Trump of the need to halt the war, prompting greater US engagement in ceasefire efforts and the humanitarian crisis. He later received Sudan’s transitional sovereign council leader in Riyadh to bolster those efforts.

In December, following recent military moves by Yemen’s Southern Transitional Council in the eastern provinces of Hadramout and Mahra, a Saudi delegation led by Major General Mohammed al-Qahtani visited the areas for more than 10 days, underscoring Saudi Arabia’s efforts to resolve the crisis, end the conflict and restore stability.

Yemen’s Presidential Leadership Council Chairman Dr. Rashad al-Alimi praised Saudi Arabia’s role in easing tensions in eastern Yemen and urged political, tribal and social forces in the two provinces to unite behind state efforts.

Summing up the year, political analyst Ahmed Al-Ibrahim told Asharq Al-Awsat that Saudi Arabia has strengthened its defense capabilities and, through what he described as “measured diplomacy,” consolidated firm positions on issues such as Syria and the Gaza war.

He said the Kingdom had also established a new, credible international mediation platform that could be relied upon with confidence when needed.


GCC Welcomes Prisoner Exchange Agreement in Yemen

Secretary-General of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Jasem Albudaiwi.
Secretary-General of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Jasem Albudaiwi.
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GCC Welcomes Prisoner Exchange Agreement in Yemen

Secretary-General of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Jasem Albudaiwi.
Secretary-General of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Jasem Albudaiwi.

Secretary-General of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Jasem Albudaiwi welcomed on Tuesday the prisoner exchange agreement in Yemen that was reached in Muscat.

A GCC General Secretariat statement said, Albudaiwi commended the efforts of Saudi Arabia, Oman, the Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary General of the United Nations to Yemen, and the International Committee of the Red Cross in reaching Tuesday’s agreement.

He hoped the deal will help in strengthening the path to peace and stability in Yemen, alleviating the humanitarian suffering of the people, building trust between parties, and ultimately leading to a comprehensive and sustainable political solution that guarantees Yemen's security, stability, and unity, and serves the aspirations of its people for peace and development.