Witness Tells Asharq Al-Awsat about Meeting Saddam Twice during US Occupation

Saddam Hussein firing his gun in the air from a balcony in Baghdad on December 31, 2000 (Getty Images)
Saddam Hussein firing his gun in the air from a balcony in Baghdad on December 31, 2000 (Getty Images)
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Witness Tells Asharq Al-Awsat about Meeting Saddam Twice during US Occupation

Saddam Hussein firing his gun in the air from a balcony in Baghdad on December 31, 2000 (Getty Images)
Saddam Hussein firing his gun in the air from a balcony in Baghdad on December 31, 2000 (Getty Images)

A retired Iraqi, who had a working relationship and friendship with former President Saddam Hussein, revealed on the anniversary of the 2003 battle of Baghdad that he met with him twice after the Iraqi capital was captured.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat, the retired Iraqi disclosed that he had two meetings with Saddam: the first was in Fallujah on April 11, just two days after the US capture of Baghdad, and the second meeting was in the Iraqi capital on July 19, four months after the city had fallen.

He confirmed that Saddam was traveling to enhance resistance operations against the US occupation.

The retiree, who requested anonymity for security reasons, claimed that Saddam was near Firdous Square in Baghdad on the day an American tank toppled his statue.

He went on to say that Saddam led the first resistance operation from a nearby location that night, targeting US positions around the Abu Hanifa al-Numan Mosque in Baghdad’s Azamiya neighborhood.

The attack involved young members of the Arab Socialist Baath Party, Fedayeen Saddam, and fighters from various Arab nationalities. It also resulted in several casualties.

As the battle intensified, Saddam’s aides were surprised to see him attempting to approach the fight scene with an RPG launcher. His entourage surrounded and prevented him from charging into the thick of the fray.

“We want you to continue leading us,” they told him. At that moment, some concluded that Saddam had a desire to be martyred that night.”

The battle continued until dawn on April 10.

Saddam then headed to Heet, where he spent the night at the house of a Baath Party member before leaving to the outskirts of Fallujah the next day.

“On April 11, the president’s entourage summoned five people, including myself, for a meeting,” the source said.

“The meeting was held at a place adjacent to a gas station on the outskirts of Fallujah, and attended with Saddam were his son Qusay and a number of security and party officials, but his personal secretary, Lt. Gen. Abid Mahmud, was not present,” they added.

Saddam was dressed in casual clothing and appeared calm and composed. He inquired about the situation inside Fallujah and the presence of US troops in Anbar.

When told that US soldiers had entered houses in Fallujah, Saddam responded firmly and said: “Drive them out.” This was seen as an order to begin operations.

“We must be patient. The battle is long. It is our duty to drain the enemy and open fronts everywhere to ensure their instability in Iraq. Set ambushes for them on the main roads, and they must know that Iraq is a tough nut to crack, let this be a lesson to them,” said Saddam according to the source.

During the meeting, an attendee mentioned that some Shiite fighters had begun targeting the Fedayeen who had come to fight against the US.

Saddam Hussein quickly interrupted, clarifying that the Shiites were fellow Iraqis and that such actions could not be attributed to them as a group.

“After giving further instructions, Saddam left the meeting for security reasons,” recalled the source.

Before noon the following day, Saddam met with accountants from the Presidential Diwan on the outskirts of the Dora area in southern Baghdad and received from them a sum of money to support the resistance.

Saddam insisted on signing a paper proving that he owed a sum of $1.25 million. On the paper, the reason for the loan was cited as a fund to sustain resistance operations against the US occupation.

On July 18, the retiree, located in Baghdad at the time, was approached by a young man who gave them a rendezvous at a secret location in Azamiya after the dawn prayer.

The following day, the source found themselves in the presence of Saddam and four new companions.

Saddam was dressed in a traditional robe and carried a pistol.

He expressed his sadness and disappointment that “some provinces in Iraq have accepted not to resist the occupation after promising to do so.”

“How can some people accept being subservient to the occupiers?” wondered Saddam.

“We must read our people well,” he added.

“This responsibility falls on the religious leaders, tribal sheikhs, and authorities who had previously sent and promised to issue a strong fatwa against the occupation as soon as its forces crossed the Kuwait-Iraq border,” he said at the secret meeting, according to the source.

Saddam then reminded of how Iraqis as whole were united during the war against Iran.

“Iraq is the last line of defense, and if it falls, some Arab countries will be directly occupied, and others will suffer indirect occupation,” explained Saddam.

“If Iraq falls, all the doors will be opened to Iran, and its influence will spread as far as Morocco,” he warned.

Furthermore, Saddam criticized the Arab stance and expressed his disappointment with Syria’s position.

“I received a promise from Bashar al-Assad that Syria would stand with Iraq as soon as the first shot was fired. But he changed his mind.”

“Many will pay the price for leaving Iraq to fall,” forewarned Saddam.

The story began on April 6, 2003, at 10:30 p.m. in Baghdad when a small group of US tanks arrived at the Republican Palace and the Rashid Hotel.

The phone of Gen. Tahir Jalil Habbush, director of intelligence at the time, rang, and on the other end was Lt. Gen. Mahmud, Saddam’s secretary.

Though relations between the two sides were strained, Lt. Gen. Mahmud was the sole conduit for receiving orders from Saddam and delivering messages to him.

What Lt. Gen. Mahmud said next was explosive.

He instructed the director of intelligence to scout the Baghdad-Salahuddin and Baghdad-Diyala roads, to determine which one was safer to exit Baghdad in case of emergencies.

“Do you think I lead a military corps to be able to secure these two roads?” Gen. Habbush replied.

Lt. Gen. Mahmud then retorted with a veiled threat and hung up the phone.

The request seemed strange to Gen. Habbush as he discussed it with his office director at the alternate headquarters of the intelligence agency.

They both concluded that Saddam would be leaving Baghdad to lead the military operation against the invasion from outside the city.

After receiving orders from Saddam, Gen. Habbush was left with no option but to carry them out no matter the difficulties or risks. The consequences of any failure to fulfill his duty were well known, and the director of intelligence did not need to be reminded of the price of angering Saddam.

Gen. Habbush decided to personally conduct reconnaissance and set out at night to the town of Tarmiyah, where he found the road to be safe. Communications had been cut in Baghdad, so he asked his companion, Col. Mahmoud, to return to the capital and use his office phone to inform Lt. Gen. Mahmud that the road to Diyala was open and safe, and that he would personally return within hours.

During his attempt to scout the other road, Gen. Habbush spotted convoys of cars, and it became clear that US planes had dropped bombs on the road, making it extremely dangerous to continue towards Baghdad.

At midnight, Gen.Habbush made his decision: he would not return to Baghdad since Saddam was leaving it.

He closed his phone and decided to join the resistance.

Gen. Habbush joined the resistance and Saddam later faced his well-known fate.



PA Calls Sanctions on Israeli Settlements ‘Important’ Step to Accountability

 View of an area near the Israeli settlement of Maale Adumim in the occupied West Bank, Tuesday, Sept. 8, 2026. (AP)
View of an area near the Israeli settlement of Maale Adumim in the occupied West Bank, Tuesday, Sept. 8, 2026. (AP)
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PA Calls Sanctions on Israeli Settlements ‘Important’ Step to Accountability

 View of an area near the Israeli settlement of Maale Adumim in the occupied West Bank, Tuesday, Sept. 8, 2026. (AP)
View of an area near the Israeli settlement of Maale Adumim in the occupied West Bank, Tuesday, Sept. 8, 2026. (AP)

The Palestinian Authority on Tuesday welcomed the announcement by 12 countries of trade sanctions on Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank, calling it "an important step" to accountability.

"This as an important practical step toward holding the settlement system accountable and demonstrating non-recognition of the unlawful situation created by the occupation," Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas's office said in a statement.

Twelve countries including Britain, Canada and France announced Tuesday they would sanction trade with Israeli settlements in the West Bank, after increasing attacks by settlers against Palestinians in the occupied territory.

Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Ireland, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden also plan to issue restrictions on trade with the settlements, the nations' foreign ministers said in a joint statement.

The action follows weeks of increasing attacks by Israeli settlers against Palestinian villages in the illegally occupied territory that has drawn widespread condemnation from the international community.

Ireland and Spain have already taken measures against trade with Israeli settlements, and France has for weeks been pushing for a similar decision from the European Union, Israel's leading trading partner, but has been blocked by some members.

The 12 ministers said actions by the Israeli government in the West Bank was "undermining the possibility of a two-state solution" referring to a plan under which two states -- one Israeli and one Palestinian -- would live peacefully side by side.

"The situation is rapidly deteriorating amid unprecedented levels of settler violence and settlement expansion," they warned.

The E1 settlement plan -- approved by Israel last year after decades of being frozen, notably due to pressure from successive US administrations -- would see 1,200 housing units built in the West Bank.

It would further isolate Israeli-annexed east Jerusalem from the rest of the occupied territory.

During an address to the UK parliament, British Foreign Secretary Ed Miliband accused the Israeli government of turning a "blind eye" to what he called "ethnic cleansing" by the Israeli settlers.

He announced Britain would introduce an "import ban on goods from illegal settlements in the occupied territories".

"I do not believe the British people want us supporting the occupation by accepting products from settlements in our shops and supermarkets," he told the British parliament, flanked by new Prime Minister Andy Burnham.

"We will take action against specific companies and individuals who provide services such as construction, infrastructure, financing, or real estate for settlement expansion," he added.

In a statement posted on X, French Foreign Minister Jean-Noel Barrot said France "will end trade" with settlements located in the occupied territories.

Commenting on Britain's move, America's ambassador to Israel Mike Huckabee told BBC Radio Tuesday: "I feel like it's discrimination against the Israeli government. It's a discrimination against the Jewish people."

Milibrand is the son of Jewish immigrant parents.

Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, who leads a far-right party that advocates the annexation of the entire West Bank, called for the expulsion of Britain's ambassador to Israel.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has vowed to continue establishing the illegal settlements despite mounting international pressure, promising a major wave of settler immigration into the West Bank.

Some of the violence by settlers in recent weeks had drawn rare condemnation from Netanyahu and unusually strong criticism from Huckabee, as well as more typical critics in European capitals.

The UK government's move signals a toughening of its stance towards Israel under Burnham, who entered Downing Street in July after Keir Starmer stepped down.

Burnham has said that Starmer was too soft on Israel, which faced intense international criticism over its relentless offensive that flattened much of Gaza following the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack.

Starmer's government did, however, announce sanctions on six entities and one person "involved in financing, enabling and carrying out settler violence" back in June and last year formally recognized a Palestinian state.

More than 500,000 Israelis live in illegal settlements in the West Bank, among some three million Palestinians.

According to an AFP tally based on data from the Palestinian health ministry, Israeli forces or settlers have killed at least 1,105 Palestinians in the territory since the start of the Gaza war.

Trade between the UK and the Occupied Palestinian Territories was around only £38 million ($51 million) in 2025, according to the government, implying the move could be largely symbolic.

Critics have also said it could be difficult to distinguish goods from the West Bank from those from the rest of Israel.


Some Israeli Actions in Syria May Amount to War Crimes, UN Probe Says

Israeli soldiers stand next to military vehicles as they gather near the ceasefire line between Syria and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, December 9, 2024. (Reuters)
Israeli soldiers stand next to military vehicles as they gather near the ceasefire line between Syria and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, December 9, 2024. (Reuters)
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Some Israeli Actions in Syria May Amount to War Crimes, UN Probe Says

Israeli soldiers stand next to military vehicles as they gather near the ceasefire line between Syria and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, December 9, 2024. (Reuters)
Israeli soldiers stand next to military vehicles as they gather near the ceasefire line between Syria and the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, December 9, 2024. (Reuters)

A UN commission investigating Syria said on Tuesday it was deeply alarmed over Israel's military activity inside Syrian territory, warning that some actions including the detention of civilians could amount to war crimes.

Presenting an update to the UN Human Rights Council, Commissioner Fionnuala Ní Aoláin said Israeli military operations in southern Syria had become "increasingly sustained and entrenched", with recurring ground incursions, patrols, raids and searches affecting civilians.

The Israeli mission in Geneva accused ‌the Commission of conducting ‌an "Israel-bashing session" and said Israel had no territorial aspirations in ‌Syria.

"It ⁠maintains a temporary ⁠buffer zone amounting to 0.1% of Syria to protect its citizens from proven security threats," it said in a statement.

Syria is seeking to rebuild nearly two years after the fall of former President Bashar al-Assad.

Israeli troops entered a UN-patrolled buffer zone after the collapse of Assad's government in December 2024, a move Israel described as temporary and necessary to secure its border during the political transition.

Israel has since carried out hundreds ⁠of strikes on Syrian military infrastructure and seized new positions ‌deeper into Syria. The Syrian government and the ‌United Nations have said the deployment violates Syrian sovereignty and a 1974 disengagement agreement that followed ‌the 1973 Middle East war.

Israel says its actions are necessary to protect ‌its security.

The Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Syria said it had documented the establishment of temporary checkpoints and fixed military infrastructure by Israel on Syrian territory, particularly in the southern provinces of Quneitra and Daraa.

"The Commission is deeply alarmed about continued Israeli violations," Ní Aoláin told the council, ‌saying local residents reported "bewilderment" at Israeli actions while the country undergoes reconstruction.

As of June, the commission had identified 49 Syrians, including ⁠two children, detained ⁠by the Israeli military on Syrian territory and believed to have been transferred across the border, she said.

"Such acts may amount to war crimes," Ní Aoláin said.

In a statement released alongside the session, the commission said some detainees were being held incommunicado, raising concerns about potential torture or ill-treatment. It said Israeli military activity had caused displacement among residents and described Israel's presence in the area as a "belligerent occupation".

The commission said it agreed with UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres that violations of Syria's sovereignty and territorial integrity were unacceptable and must cease.

Syria's representative welcomed the commission's findings and reiterated Damascus' commitment to cooperate with UN human rights mechanisms while pursuing accountability for abuses committed under the former government.

The Syrian delegate also condemned Israeli military operations, accusing Israel of violating international law and the 1974 disengagement agreement.


Drone Strike Near Courthouse in Central Sudan Kills 13

The war in Sudan has raged for more than three years. (AFP)
The war in Sudan has raged for more than three years. (AFP)
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Drone Strike Near Courthouse in Central Sudan Kills 13

The war in Sudan has raged for more than three years. (AFP)
The war in Sudan has raged for more than three years. (AFP)

A drone strike blamed on Sudan's paramilitary Rapid Support Forces killed 13 people outside a courthouse in the army-held central town of Umm Rawaba on Tuesday, a medical source and witnesses told AFP.

The attack is the latest in an escalating wave of drone attacks by both the RSF and the Sudanese army, which have been at war since April 2023.

"There are now 13 killed and 22 injured being treated at the hospital," a medical source at the local hospital told AFP, revising an earlier toll of 12 after one more person succumbed to their injuries.

The strike hit a crowded area outside the courthouse in North Kordofan, where residents had gathered to complete legal and administrative procedures.

"I was near the courthouse when I saw the drone hit a tree outside the building," one witness told AFP, adding that the area was crowded with people at the time.

Another witness said residents rushed to help those caught in the blast.

"After the drone hit, we tried to save people, but some died at the scene," he said. "The sound of the explosion was very loud."

Umm Rawaba, which lies along a strategic route linking central and western Sudan, has remained under army control despite repeated attacks in the surrounding region.

There was no immediate comment from the RSF.

- Military build-up -

Drone strikes, deployed en masse by both sides, killed more than 1,100 people this year, according to UN figures.

Since the war broke out, more than 200,000 people have been killed, aid workers estimate, while millions more have been displaced in the world's largest displacement and hunger crises.

Attempts at diplomacy have floundered as fighting escalates on several fronts across Africa's third-largest country.

Kordofan has been a strategically important battleground, linking army-controlled areas in central Sudan with the vast western region of Darfur, where the RSF consolidated power last year.

On the southeastern border with Ethiopia, RSF attacks have displaced hundreds of thousands of people as they press an offensive through the Blue Nile state.

Military sources told AFP the RSF had expanded its presence along the frontier in recent weeks, raising concerns that the conflict could spill into new areas and further destabilize an already volatile region.

The UN has repeatedly warned against the growing use of drones and other advanced weapons, pointing to thriving supply lines through Sudan's borders.

RSF supply lines have been tracked through Sudan's borders with Libya, Chad, South Sudan and Ethiopia.

This week, a United Nations fact-finding mission warned that outside support was enhancing the military capabilities of both sides and enabling increasingly advanced operations, often with severe consequences for civilians.

"Protecting Sudan's civilians requires action not only against those fighting the war, but also against the individuals, entities and networks that enable it to continue," said the mission's chairman Mohamad Chande Othman.

The UN warning coincided with a US call for the United Nations Security Council to expand an arms embargo currently focused on Darfur to cover all of Sudan.