Ships, Planes Search for Sub that Went Missing on Trip to Titanic Wreckage 

This handout image taken during the historical 1986 dive, courtesy of WHOI (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) and released February 15, 2023 shows the Titanic bow. (AFP Photo / Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution / Handout)
This handout image taken during the historical 1986 dive, courtesy of WHOI (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) and released February 15, 2023 shows the Titanic bow. (AFP Photo / Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution / Handout)
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Ships, Planes Search for Sub that Went Missing on Trip to Titanic Wreckage 

This handout image taken during the historical 1986 dive, courtesy of WHOI (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) and released February 15, 2023 shows the Titanic bow. (AFP Photo / Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution / Handout)
This handout image taken during the historical 1986 dive, courtesy of WHOI (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) and released February 15, 2023 shows the Titanic bow. (AFP Photo / Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution / Handout)

US and Canadian ships and planes searched on Monday for a submarine that went missing more than a day earlier off the coast of southeastern Canada while taking tourists to explore the wreckage of the Titanic, officials said.

The US Coast Guard said there was one pilot and four passengers on board and that the vessel had the capacity to be submerged for 96 hours, but it was unclear whether it was still underwater or had surfaced and was unable to communicate.

US and Canadian ships and planes have swarmed the area about 900 miles (1,450 km) east of Cape Cod, some dropping sonar buoys that can monitor to a depth of 13,000 feet (3,962 meters), US Coast Guard Rear Admiral John Mauger told reporters on Monday.

"It is a remote area and it is a challenge to conduct a search in that remote area," Mauger said.

"We are deploying all available assets to make sure that we can locate the craft and rescue the people on board," he said. "Going into this evening we will continue to fly aircraft and move additional vessels."

Mauger said officials have also been reaching out to commercial vessels for help.

The private company that operates the submarine, OceanGate Expeditions, said in a statement on Monday that it was "mobilizing all options" to rescue those on board. British billionaire Hamish Harding is among the passengers, according to a social media post from a relative.

The US Coast Guard said earlier on Twitter that a boat on the surface - the Polar Prince - lost contact with the submarine, called the Titan, about one hour and 45 minutes after it began diving toward the site of the Titanic's wreckage on Sunday morning.

OceanGate said, "We are deeply thankful for the extensive assistance we have received from several government agencies and deep sea companies in our efforts to reestablish contact with the submersible."

Harding's stepson wrote on Facebook that Harding had "gone missing on submarine" and asked for "thoughts and prayers." The stepson subsequently removed the post, citing respect for the family's privacy.

Harding himself had posted on Facebook that he would be aboard the sub. There have been no further posts from him. The expedition headed out to sea on Friday, and the first dive was set for Sunday morning, according to Harding's post.

The expeditions, which cost $250,000 per person, start in St. John's, Newfoundland, before heading out approximately 400 miles (640 km) into the Atlantic to the wreckage site, according to OceanGate's website.

In order to visit the wreck, passengers climb inside Titan, the five-person submersible, which takes two hours to descend approximately 12,500 feet (3,800 m) to the Titanic.

The British passenger ship famously sank in 1912 on its maiden voyage after striking an iceberg, killing more than 1,500 people. The story has been immortalized in nonfiction and fiction books as well as the 1997 blockbuster movie "Titanic."



Nigerians Strive to Bring Mangrove Forests Back to Life

A local community leader is pushing ahead with a project to restore the spoiled forests. Kadiatou Sakho / AFP
A local community leader is pushing ahead with a project to restore the spoiled forests. Kadiatou Sakho / AFP
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Nigerians Strive to Bring Mangrove Forests Back to Life

A local community leader is pushing ahead with a project to restore the spoiled forests. Kadiatou Sakho / AFP
A local community leader is pushing ahead with a project to restore the spoiled forests. Kadiatou Sakho / AFP

On a riverbank in the Niger Delta, a group of residents in rubber boots has been working to restore one of Nigeria's most precious and damaged ecosystems -- its mangrove forests.
The team members plunge their shovels into the mud and slot in saplings at the site in Bundu, a shanty town on the outskirts of the southern oil city Port Harcourt, AFP said.
In recent years, human activity has destroyed swathes of the world's mangrove forests, which form a vital barrier against the tides and a sanctuary for wildlife.
But in this part of the Delta -- plagued by leaks from multinational oil company pipelines and a host of other threats -- a local community leader is pushing ahead with a project to restore the spoiled forests.
"We're going to bring our mangroves back to life," said fisherman David Oba, 53, who represents around 10,000 people in the town.
'Refuge'
Mangrove forests are a biodiversity paradise. The specialist saltwater trees' huge root networks provide nurseries for juvenile fish, which are crucial to supporting stocks.
The forests teeming with life above water too -- they are "refuges" for an array of birds that nest in their branches, explained Ijeoma Vincent-Akpu, a professor at the University of Port Harcourt.
Vincent-Akpu said the trees also protect against coastal erosion, storms and flooding, providing a key shield in the face of climate change.
Nigeria boasts some of the highest mangrove coverage in the world and more than anywhere else in Africa -- but its forests are shrinking.
The country had around 8,442 square kilometers (3,259 square miles) of mangrove forest in 2020, according to the monitoring platform Global Mangrove Watch.
Between 1996 and 2020 it lost 161.9 square kilometers of mangroves, the group said -- around two percent of the total and an area equal to more than 22,500 football pitches.
Experts say this is mainly due to human activity in the continent's most populous country.
Oil pollution
In Bundu, around 30 people have learned how to restore mangrove ecosystems with the help of a Nigerian NGO, the Centre for Environment, Human Rights and Development.
They have been through several weeks' training, said Nabie Nubari Francis, coordinator of the NGO, which has been running the project in three other communities in the Delta for nearly 15 years.
Priority is given to training community leaders so they can pass on their skills. David Oba said he had trained 70 people in Bundu since starting the project there several months ago.
One of the greatest threats to the mangroves is pollution from the multinational oil industry in the Delta. Residents say whole areas have been wiped out by spills.
Oil spills are frequent in the region due to a lack of pipeline maintenance as well as vandalism. Over the last five years, the National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency has recorded almost 3,870 spills in Nigeria, mainly in the Niger Delta.
Kwani Dick Velvet, a retired journalist, recalled the first sapling he planted in his community, bought from a nearby nursery.
"If it was not for the fact that people came and planted some mangroves, this place would have been a very open field," he said, pointing to an area that he said was hit by an oil spill in 2020.
Residents said the spill was caused by vandals targeting an oil pipeline.
"When the spillage occurs, we cannot fish," 38-year-old fisherman Peter Opugulaya told AFP.
- Invasive palms -
Oil is not the only problem. Nigeria's mangroves are being damaged by illegal logging, waste dumping and urban expansion.
They face another threat, too -- the spread of Nipa palms, an invasive species that has muscled in among the mangroves.
Imported from South Asia and Oceania, the palms are used for baskets and roofing, but do not provide shelter for fish like the mangroves' arched roots.
Colin Love, from Kono village around 70 kilometers (over 40 miles) from Port Harcourt, complained the palms had taken root "everywhere".
The 40-year-old said he was planting mangroves "so that the fish will still come back for us."
On a visit to the Delta earlier this year, Nigeria's environment minister promised to work with local authorities to protect mangroves and mitigate the effects of climate change.
Four years earlier, the government announced its intention to launch a national mangrove restoration plan, but it was never implemented.
Residents said the government has been slow to act, prompting them to take measures into their own hands.
"We are helping each other," said 48-year-old driver and Kono resident Prince Nwilee, saying that communities were ready to share saplings with their neighbors.
"We are not sitting by and doing nothing," he said.