Türkiye’s Simsek Seeks to Calm Investors, Says Market Strains Will Be Managed, Sources Say

People flash mobile phone lights during a protest against the arrest of Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu as part of a corruption investigation, in Istanbul, Türkiye, March 25, 2025. (Reuters)
People flash mobile phone lights during a protest against the arrest of Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu as part of a corruption investigation, in Istanbul, Türkiye, March 25, 2025. (Reuters)
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Türkiye’s Simsek Seeks to Calm Investors, Says Market Strains Will Be Managed, Sources Say

People flash mobile phone lights during a protest against the arrest of Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu as part of a corruption investigation, in Istanbul, Türkiye, March 25, 2025. (Reuters)
People flash mobile phone lights during a protest against the arrest of Istanbul Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu as part of a corruption investigation, in Istanbul, Türkiye, March 25, 2025. (Reuters)

Turkish Finance Minister Mehmet Simsek and Central Bank Governor Fatih Karahan told international investors on Tuesday that they would do whatever was needed to tame market turmoil triggered by the arrest of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's main political rival.

Police detained Mayor Ekrem Imamoglu, Erdogan's main political rival, last Wednesday, and a court jailed him on Sunday pending trial on corruption charges, sparking Türkiye's biggest protests in more than a decade and a major market sell-off.

Simsek told investors he would not comment on judicial matters and the events of the last two weeks, but said there would be no lasting impact on the economy and that he intended to stay in his post, according to two sources on the call.

He also said there would be no change in approach to the economic turnaround program he introduced in mid-2023 when the country was in the midst of its most recent currency crisis.

"They steered almost completely clear of the political crisis," one participant on the call said.

A statement from the finance ministry after the call confirmed that Simsek had reiterated his view that there would be no lasting damage to the economy and that further measures would be taken if needed.

Central bank governor Fatih Karahan told the call that he sees the market turmoil as a temporary blip, one participant said. He also repeated something Simsek had said earlier, that Türkiye will do "whatever it takes" to tame inflation, two sources said.

Journalists were not invited to the call, but participants said Simsek added that the Treasury could reduce bond issuance as part of its response, and that it also had the option of so-called FX-linked bonds, that give buyers some protection against big currency swings.

The minister also said he expected Türkiye to benefit from better bilateral relations with the United States. Later on Tuesday, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan is to meet Foreign Secretary Marco Rubio in Washington.

Veteran emerging market analyst Tim Ash at fund manager BlueBay said the call, which also detailed how "offshore" investors had accounted for 60% of FX demand during last week's selloff, had been a "coordinated effort to engage with the international investment community, and re-assure."

REBOUND

Markets were continuing to stabilize after the call drew to a close with the Istanbul stock market finishing the day up 4.5% and the lira steady at just under 38 to the dollar.

The Borsa Istanbul ended last week down 16.6%, its worst drop since the peak of the global financial crisis in October 2008. The lira had dropped more than 10% at the height of the rout on Wednesday.

Tuesday's moves also saw the banking sub-index win back another 5.3%. It slumped more than 26% last week and has now recovered around 7.5% of that.

The Treasury, central bank, the BDDK banking watchdog and capital markets board had already held a series of meetings with market actors over the weekend and announced several steps.

The measures had begun with the central bank raising the upper band of the interest rate corridor by 2 points to 46% in an interim meeting last week, pausing funding from the policy rate.

While the central bank took a tightening step of close to 400 basis points, it also sold around $14 billion in foreign exchange. Additionally, it has started liquidity note issuance and TL-settled forward foreign exchange sales transactions.

The Turkish central bank's net FX position dropped by some $27 billion due to FX sales last week since Wednesday, according to bankers' calculations from the bank's balance sheet.

Short selling on the Istanbul stock market has been banned for one month.

Türkiye's international sovereign bonds were also continuing to claw back some of last week's losses, with the 2045 maturity up almost 1 cent on the dollar at 84.6 cents on the dollar, Tradeweb data showed, after falling more than 3 cents last week.

Türkiye's five-year credit default swaps, which investors often use as a hedge against turmoil, eased again too, ending the day back under 300 basis points according to S&P Global Market Intelligence, having spiked to almost 330 from 260 last week.

Turkish lira implied FX volatility gauges and risk reversals eased slightly, although they remained highly elevated, having soared to their highest levels since the country's last currency crisis in mid-2023, data from Fenics showed.

Ahead of Tuesday's investor call, Himanshu Porwal, EM analyst at Seaport Global had said that the markets had already been reacting positively to the measures taken to settle the markets in recent days.

"I think they (central bank, finance minister) have been doing what is required. FX is usually the first trigger you look at and so far the move has been contained, so I think people are coming to terms with it already," Porwal said.



Trump’s Blockade of Hormuz Strait to Have Severe Economic Implications

Lightning occurs when META 4, an Oil Products Tanker, sails into Muscat Anchorage on March 21, 2026 at Sultan Qaboos Port in Muscat, Oman (Getty)
Lightning occurs when META 4, an Oil Products Tanker, sails into Muscat Anchorage on March 21, 2026 at Sultan Qaboos Port in Muscat, Oman (Getty)
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Trump’s Blockade of Hormuz Strait to Have Severe Economic Implications

Lightning occurs when META 4, an Oil Products Tanker, sails into Muscat Anchorage on March 21, 2026 at Sultan Qaboos Port in Muscat, Oman (Getty)
Lightning occurs when META 4, an Oil Products Tanker, sails into Muscat Anchorage on March 21, 2026 at Sultan Qaboos Port in Muscat, Oman (Getty)

The global economy enters a new stage of uncertainty as the US Central Command (CENTCOM) said American forces began implementing a blockade of maritime traffic entering and exiting Iranian ports.

US President Donald Trump ordered the naval blockade after marathon peace talks with Iran in Islamabad, collapsed last week.

While the President’s decision aims to strangle the Iranian economy, it acts as a profound shock to the global economy and has far-reaching consequences that severely destabilize markets in East Asia and Europe.

Over the weekend, US Vice President JD Vance told reporters in Islamabad that negotiations with Iran on an end to hostilities have failed to result in a deal. Shortly after, Trump ordered the embargo on the strait with hoped that he can apply to Iran the model of his intervention in Venezuela, where the US seized then-president Nicolás Maduro in a military operation after a naval blockade of the Latin American nation.

“We’re putting on a complete blockade. We’re not going to let Iran make money on selling oil to people that they like, and not people that they don’t like, or whatever it is,” Trump told Fox News on Sunday.

“You saw what we did with Venezuela. It’ll be something very similar to that, but at a higher level.”

Direct Threat to Energy Stability

Analysts say the naval embargo risks further destabilizing global energy markets and triggering a new surge in oil prices.

Jennifer Kavanagh, military analysis director of Defense Priorities, a Washington think tank on restrained force, told the Financial Times that Trump appears to feel frustrated about his options for the war.

“Closing the strait entirely will spike oil prices even more than they did before, and put more pressure on the US from the international community,” Kavanagh said.

“It definitely shows how frustrated and at the end of his options the president feels,” she added.

Her comments came as OPEC issued its Monthly Oil Market Report.

It said OPEC crude oil production plummeted by approximately 7.87 million barrels per day (bpd) in March 2026 compared to February 2026, primarily due to the US-Israeli conflict with Iran which has largely closed the Strait of Hormuz.

OPEC's total output stood at about 20.7 million bpd, according to the group's latest Monthly Oil Market Report. The steepest production declines were recorded in Iraq, where crude output dropped by roughly 2.5 million bpd to about 1.63 million bpd.

Implication for Oil Flows

Blocking Iranian shipments would disconnect a significant source of oil from the world's markets, according to Reuters.

Iran exported 1.84 million barrels per day (bpd) of crude in March and has shipped 1.71 million bpd thus far in April, compared with a full-year average of 1.68 million bpd in 2025, according to Kpler data.

However, a surge in Iranian output before the war started on February 28 has led to near-record levels of Iranian oil loaded on ships, with more than 180 million barrels floating as of earlier this ⁠month, according to Kpler data.

“The US quarantine of Iran's ports will cost Iran about $435 million a day in economic damage,” Miad Maleki, a former official with the Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control, said.

The estimated losses include about $276 million in lost exports, mainly crude oil and petrochemicals.

He explained that the blockade would result in the disruption of imports worth nearly $159 million daily, amounting to monthly losses estimated at around $13 billion.

Data indicates that Iran’s heavy reliance on southern shipping lanes leaves its economy exposed to maritime disruption, with more than 90% of its $109.7 billion annual trade passing through the Strait of Hormuz, while oil and gas constitute approximately 80% of government export revenues and nearly 23.7% of GDP.

From Energy to Food

While the Strait of Hormuz closure has acutely touched hydrocarbon markets, it will also affect food safety as it coincides with spring planting across hundreds of millions of acres of global cropland.

Therefore, turning the Strait into a military zone creates an immediate and severe crisis in global agricultural supply chains, severing the flow of key petrochemicals and nitrogen-based fertilizers.

Urea spot prices at the US Gulf Coast approached $700 per metric ton (up over 30% from the start of the war), and dealers in major importing markets began limiting sales. Urea is a nitrogen fertilizer that increases the yields of many crops, especially staple grains like corn, rice, and wheat.

Also, transforming the Strait from a free-trade artery into a conflict zone under military control, forces major companies to reroute shipping, leading to significantly higher operational costs, “imported inflation,” and severe logistical bottlenecks that conventional monetary policies struggle to address.

The blockade also initiates strategic risks as disruption of fertilizers comes precisely during the Northern Hemisphere's spring planting season, when demand peaks.

Furthermore, the implications extend to the costs of food logistics. Even crops produced far from the conflict zone will be affected by an increase of shipping and insurance prices, adding significant costs along the supply chain.

Inflation

The Strait of Hormuz blockade represents the trigger of a transboundary inflation driven by supply-side constraints that traditional monetary policy tools cannot easily mitigate.

Surging maritime insurance premiums alongside forced route diversions away from the Red Sea and Gulf, have caused global logistics costs and freight rates to soar.

The blockade has shifted the global economy to a phase of “imported inflation” which represents a dilemma for major central banks, as a shock rise in the cost of some goods will depress household purchasing power, causing consumers to cut back on spending, which in turn puts downward pressure on other goods and services and leads to the risk of “stagflation.”

China in the Crosshairs

The blockade also risks drawing the world’s second-largest economy into the confrontation. China remains Iran’s largest oil buyer and has continued to receive shipments through the strait since the war began, analysts say.

A blanket ban on tankers carrying Iranian crude threatens to cut off that supply, potentially reigniting US tensions with Beijing ahead of Trump’s planned trip to China next month.

The Trump administration on Monday also threatened to impose an additional 50% tariff on China if Beijing supplies advanced defense equipment to Tehran.


Lenovo Chooses Riyadh as Regional Operations Hub

Tareq Alangari, Lenovo Senior Vice President and President for the Middle East, Türkiye and Africa. (Turki Al-Aqail)
Tareq Alangari, Lenovo Senior Vice President and President for the Middle East, Türkiye and Africa. (Turki Al-Aqail)
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Lenovo Chooses Riyadh as Regional Operations Hub

Tareq Alangari, Lenovo Senior Vice President and President for the Middle East, Türkiye and Africa. (Turki Al-Aqail)
Tareq Alangari, Lenovo Senior Vice President and President for the Middle East, Türkiye and Africa. (Turki Al-Aqail)

Global technology company Lenovo has inaugurated its regional headquarters in Riyadh, after investing more than 2 billion riyals ($532 million) in the Saudi economy, underscoring the Kingdom’s growing role as a regional technology and industrial hub.

The move goes beyond establishing an administrative base. Lenovo plans to build one of its largest integrated manufacturing centers worldwide through a partnership with Alat, a subsidiary of Saudi Arabia’s Public Investment Fund (PIF).

The company aims to reshape regional supply chains and produce devices labeled “Made in Saudi Arabia” for markets across the Middle East, Africa and Türkiye, capitalizing on the Kingdom’s favorable investment environment and rapid economic transformation.

Tareq Alangari, Lenovo Senior Vice President and President for the Middle East, Türkiye and Africa, said Saudi Arabia plays a “significant and strategic role” in the company’s regional strategy.

He told Asharq Al-Awsat that initiatives such as the Regional Headquarters Program, alongside close cooperation with government partners, have created a business environment that supports regional coordination and long-term investment.

Lenovo has invested nearly 2 billion riyals ($532 million) in Saudi Arabia so far, with plans for further expansion.

The investments include the newly opened regional headquarters, a manufacturing facility due for completion by the end of 2026, and plans for a research and development center and a customer experience center. The company is also investing in Saudi talent.

As part of that effort, 28 Saudi engineers have completed training in China under a smart manufacturing graduate program and have returned to take up leadership engineering roles at Lenovo’s local operations.

Alangari said the factory, expected to begin commercial operations by the end of this year, is in the final stages of operational and logistical readiness, including equipment installation, technical testing, and supply chain alignment.

“We will scale up production capacity in phases, in line with operational readiness and market demand,” he stated.

Saudi Investment Minister Fahad Al-Saif, who attended the launch, said Lenovo’s decision reflects the strength of the Saudi economy and the attractiveness of its investment climate.

He described the move as a successful example of the Regional Headquarters Program, which aims to attract multinational companies and enable them to manage and expand regional operations from Saudi Arabia.

Al-Saif said Lenovo is building an integrated presence in the Saudi market in cooperation with national entities, supporting regional growth and meeting global demand through a system that combines decision-making, logistics and an enabling investment environment.

He added that the company’s expansion includes developing research and development programs and skills training, as well as establishing a manufacturing platform with a capacity of up to 8 million units annually. The project is expected to create skilled jobs and support the localization of technology and industry.

Built on a 200,000-square-meter site in Riyadh Integrated and developed in partnership with Alat, the facility will produce millions of devices under the “Made in Saudi Arabia” label.

With total investment reaching $2 billion, the factory will strengthen Lenovo’s global manufacturing network, which includes more than 30 plants worldwide.

The new hub is expected to improve supply chain efficiency and bring Lenovo closer to customers in the Middle East and Africa, enabling faster delivery and reinforcing Saudi Arabia’s position as a regional center for industry and technology.


Pakistan Says Looking at Options to Repay $3.5 Billion UAE Loan

Pakistan Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb speaks during an interview at the International Monetary Fund and World Bank Group’s annual spring meetings in Washington D.C., US, April 13, 2026. REUTERS/Ken Cedeno
Pakistan Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb speaks during an interview at the International Monetary Fund and World Bank Group’s annual spring meetings in Washington D.C., US, April 13, 2026. REUTERS/Ken Cedeno
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Pakistan Says Looking at Options to Repay $3.5 Billion UAE Loan

Pakistan Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb speaks during an interview at the International Monetary Fund and World Bank Group’s annual spring meetings in Washington D.C., US, April 13, 2026. REUTERS/Ken Cedeno
Pakistan Finance Minister Muhammad Aurangzeb speaks during an interview at the International Monetary Fund and World Bank Group’s annual spring meetings in Washington D.C., US, April 13, 2026. REUTERS/Ken Cedeno

Pakistan is considering Eurobonds, loans from other countries and commercial debt to replace a $3.5 billion facility from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and manage its foreign reserves, its finance minister said.

Muhammad Aurangzeb also told Reuters the shock from the ongoing war in the Middle East meant that Pakistan must consider a strategic petroleum reserve and a faster switch to renewable energy.

"All options are on the table," Aurangzeb said when asked if the government was in talks with Saudi Arabia for a loan that could replace the UAE facility.

Reuters reported that Pakistan will return a $3.5 billion loan to the UAE this month, putting pressure ⁠on its reserves ⁠and risking breaches of its International Monetary Fund (IMF) program targets.

The South Asian country has been thrust into the international spotlight as it plays the role of a mediator between the US and Iran to end the war in the Middle East.

Aurangzeb, speaking on the sidelines of the IMF/World Bank annual spring meetings, said the country could manage all debt repayments, and that its reserves remained at roughly 2.8 months of import cover. Maintaining at least that ⁠level, he said, would be "an important aspect of our overall macro stability as we go forward."

"We are looking at Eurobond, we are looking at Islamic sukuk, we are looking at dollar-settled rupee-linked bonds," Aurangzeb said, adding that they expected to issue Eurobonds this year and are also exploring commercial loans.

Aurangzeb said while the country had not yet requested any addition or changes to its $7 billion IMF lending program due to the economic shocks of the war in the Middle East, it was a potential option.

"Depending upon how things pan out over the next few weeks, that's something which can be discussed," he said.

The Fund's board is likely to sign off on the latest lending tranche by the end ⁠of this month ⁠or early next month, Aurangzeb said, which would unlock just under $1.3 billion via the Extended Fund Facility and the Resilience and Sustainability Facility.

Pakistan also expects to launch its first-ever Panda bond - debt denominated in Chinese yuan - next month, he said. The $250 million issue, the first of a planned $1 billion program, will be backed by the Asian Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

Aurangzeb said the country's expected GDP growth of close to 4%, remittances of around $41.5 billion and targeted assistance to the poorest citizens could withstand the Iran war shock for this fiscal year, which ends on June 30.

But the price spikes meant the country should focus on establishing strategic reserves of fuels and LPG - rather than simply relying on commercial reserves - and accelerate its move towards renewable energy.

"When you go through a supply shock like this... it sends a very clear view that we need to accelerate these journeys," he said.