$1.74 Billion in Investment Deals Signed at Saudi-Chinese Business Forum

The forum, organized by the Federation of Saudi Chambers, gathered about 200 Saudi and Chinese companies with private sector representatives - SPA
The forum, organized by the Federation of Saudi Chambers, gathered about 200 Saudi and Chinese companies with private sector representatives - SPA
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$1.74 Billion in Investment Deals Signed at Saudi-Chinese Business Forum

The forum, organized by the Federation of Saudi Chambers, gathered about 200 Saudi and Chinese companies with private sector representatives - SPA
The forum, organized by the Federation of Saudi Chambers, gathered about 200 Saudi and Chinese companies with private sector representatives - SPA

Saudi Minister of Industry and Mineral Resources Bandar Alkhorayef witnessed the signing of 42 investment agreements between Saudi and Chinese companies, valued at over $1.74 billion, during his participation in the Saudi-Chinese Business Forum held in Beijing.

The agreements spanned advanced industries, smart vehicles, energy solutions, medical devices, equipment, and mineral resources, SPA reported.

The forum, organized by the Federation of Saudi Chambers, brought together around 200 Saudi and Chinese companies alongside private sector representatives from both countries, creating a platform for enhanced economic cooperation and strategic alignment.

In his keynote address at the forum, Alkhorayef commended the key role of the Saudi-Chinese Business Council in facilitating investment partnerships and leveraging mutual opportunities across various sectors since its establishment in 2006. He emphasized the council’s role in creating frameworks that enable sustainable development outcomes for both nations, highlighting the organization's contributions to achieving shared economic objectives through private sector engagement.

The minister detailed the remarkable development of economic relations between Saudi Arabia and China, affirmed by substantial growth in bilateral trade volume, which reached approximately SAR403 billion in 2024. This figure, more than double the trade volume in less than a decade, demonstrates the accelerating pace of economic integration.

The Kingdom remains China’s leading supplier of fuel, petrochemicals, and advanced materials, while China has been Saudi Arabia's largest source of imports, including machinery, electronics, transportation equipment, and consumer goods. This trading relationship demonstrates increasing diversification, extending beyond traditional commodities to high-value industrial products.

On mutual investments, Alkhorayef highlighted substantial growth, with Chinese investment in the Kingdom rising approximately 30% in 2024 to exceed SAR31 billion. This expansion is particularly notable in emerging sectors, including mining, automotive manufacturing, and petrochemicals. More than 750 Chinese companies now operate within Saudi Arabia, contributing significantly to major projects including NEOM and strategic industrial cities like Jubail and Jazan. On the other hand, Saudi investment in China continues to grow, surpassing SAR8 billion, bolstered by memoranda of understanding between the Public Investment Fund and Chinese financial institutions valued at $50 billion.

Alkhorayef emphasized the strategic synergy between Saudi Vision 2030 and China's Belt and Road Initiative, noting their shared objectives of enhancing connectivity, expanding trade, and building resilient industrial systems.

He outlined 12 priority sub-industrial sectors targeted by the National Industrial Strategy for development. These include sectors vital to national security, such as food, pharmaceuticals, and military industries; sectors leveraging the Kingdom's comparative advantages in raw materials, oil, gas, and minerals; and sectors capitalizing on Saudi Arabia's strategic geographic location that positions it as an ideal partner for Chinese companies seeking global market access. A third category focuses on Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies, including artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing, and future industries.

Moreover, the minister highlighted that the comprehensive strategy for mining and metals industries focuses on exploring the Kingdom's mineral resources and maximizing their value to the national economy. He specifically applauded the partnership with the China Geological Survey, which has contributed significantly to the discovery of additional mineral resources within the Kingdom.

Alkhorayef highlighted how the Kingdom's reforms to enhance investment attractiveness, improve the mining regulatory framework, and streamline licensing processes have dramatically improved its global standing, with Saudi Arabia jumping from 104th to 23rd in the Mining Investment Environment Attractiveness Index.



IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
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IMF and Arab Monetary Fund Sign MoU to Enhance Cooperation

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA
The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki - SPA

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference on Emerging Market Economies (EME) to enhance cooperation between the two institutions.

The MoU was signed by IMF Managing Director Dr. Kristalina Georgieva and AMF Director General Dr. Fahad Alturki, SPA reported.

The agreement aims to strengthen coordination in economic and financial policy areas, including surveillance and lending activities, data and analytical exchange, capacity building, and the provision of technical assistance, in support of regional financial and economic stability.

Both sides affirmed that the MoU represents an important step toward deepening their strategic partnership and strengthening the regional financial safety net, serving member countries and enhancing their ability to address economic challenges.


Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
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Saudi Chambers Federation Announces First Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council

File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT
File photo of the Saudi flag/AAWSAT

The Federation of Saudi Chambers announced the formation of the first joint Saudi-Kuwaiti Business Council for its inaugural term (1447–1451 AH) and the election of Salman bin Hassan Al-Oqayel as its chairman.

Al-Oqayel said the council’s formation marks a pivotal milestone in economic relations between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, reflecting a practical approach to enabling the business sectors in both countries to capitalize on promising investment opportunities and strengthen bilateral trade and investment partnerships, SPA reported.

He noted that trade between Saudi Arabia and Kuwait reached approximately SAR9.5 billion by the end of November 2025, including SAR8 billion in Saudi exports and SAR1.5 billion in Kuwaiti imports.


Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
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Leading Harvard Trade Economist Says Saudi Arabia Holds Key to Success in Fragmented Global Economy

Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).
Professor Pol Antràs speaks during a panel discussion at the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies (Asharq Al-Awsat).

Harvard University economics professor Pol Antràs said Saudi Arabia represents an exceptional model in the shifting global trade landscape, differing fundamentally from traditional emerging-market frameworks. He also stressed that globalization has not ended but has instead re-formed into what he describes as fragmented integration.

Speaking to Asharq Al-Awsat on the sidelines of the AlUla Conference for Emerging Market Economies, Antràs said Saudi Arabia’s Vision-driven structural reforms position the Kingdom to benefit from the ongoing phase of fragmented integration, adding that the country’s strategic focus on logistics transformation and artificial intelligence constitutes a key engine for sustainable growth that extends beyond the volatility of global crises.

Antràs, the Robert G. Ory Professor of Economics at Harvard University, is one of the leading contemporary theorists of international trade. His research, which reshaped understanding of global value chains, focuses on how firms organize cross-border production and how regulation and technological change influence global trade flows and corporate decision-making.

He said conventional classifications of economies often obscure important structural differences, noting that the term emerging markets groups together countries with widely divergent industrial bases. Economies that depend heavily on manufacturing exports rely critically on market access and trade integration and therefore face stronger competitive pressures from Chinese exports that are increasingly shifting toward alternative markets.

Saudi Arabia, by contrast, exports extensively while facing limited direct competition from China in its primary export commodity, a situation that creates a strategic opportunity. The current environment allows the Kingdom to obtain imports from China at lower cost and access a broader range of goods that previously flowed largely toward the United States market.

Addressing how emerging economies should respond to dumping pressures and rising competition, Antràs said countries should minimize protectionist tendencies and instead position themselves as committed participants in the multilateral trading system, allowing foreign producers to access domestic markets while encouraging domestic firms to expand internationally.

He noted that although Chinese dumping presents concerns for countries with manufacturing sectors that compete directly with Chinese production, the risk is lower for Saudi Arabia because it does not maintain a large manufacturing base that overlaps directly with Chinese exports. Lower-cost imports could benefit Saudi consumers, while targeted policy tools such as credit programs, subsidies, and support for firms seeking to redesign and upgrade business models represent more effective responses than broad protectionist measures.

Globalization has not ended

Antràs said globalization continues but through more complex structures, with trade agreements increasingly negotiated through diverse arrangements rather than relying primarily on multilateral negotiations. Trade deals will continue to be concluded, but they are likely to become more complex, with uncertainty remaining a defining feature of the global trading environment.

Interest rates and artificial intelligence

According to Antràs, high global interest rates, combined with the additional risk premiums faced by emerging markets, are constraining investment, particularly in sectors that require export financing, capital expenditure, and continuous quality upgrading.

However, he noted that elevated interest rates partly reflect expectations of stronger long-term growth driven by artificial intelligence and broader technological transformation.

He also said if those growth expectations materialize, productivity gains could enable small and medium-sized enterprises to forecast demand more accurately and identify previously untapped markets, partially offsetting the negative effects of higher borrowing costs.

Employment concerns and the role of government

The Harvard professor warned that labor markets face a dual challenge stemming from intensified Chinese export competition and accelerating job automation driven by artificial intelligence, developments that could lead to significant disruptions, particularly among younger workers. He said governments must adopt proactive strategies requiring substantial fiscal resources to mitigate near-term labor-market shocks.

According to Antràs, productivity growth remains the central condition for success: if new technologies deliver the anticipated productivity gains, governments will gain the fiscal space needed to compensate affected groups and retrain the workforce, achieving a balance between addressing short-term disruptions and investing in long-term strategic gains.