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Arab World

Gaza Ceasefire Enters Phase Two Despite Unresolved Issues

Palestinians walk amid buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
Palestinians walk amid buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
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Gaza Ceasefire Enters Phase Two Despite Unresolved Issues

Palestinians walk amid buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)
Palestinians walk amid buildings destroyed by Israeli air and ground operations in Gaza City Thursday, Jan. 15, 2026. (AP)

A US-backed plan to end the war in Gaza has entered its second phase despite unresolved disputes between Israel and Hamas over alleged ceasefire violations and issues unaddressed in the first stage.

The most contentious questions remain Hamas's refusal to publicly commit to full disarmament, a non-negotiable demand from Israel, and Israel's lack of clarity over whether it will fully withdraw its forces from Gaza.

The creation of a Palestinian technocratic committee, announced on Wednesday, is intended to manage day-to-day governance in post-war Gaza, but it leaves unresolved broader political and security questions.

Below is a breakdown of developments from phase one to the newly launched second stage.

- Gains and gaps in phase one -

The first phase of the plan, part of a 20-point proposal unveiled by US President Donald Trump, began on October 10 and aimed primarily to stop the fighting in the Gaza Strip, allow in aid and secure the return of all remaining living and deceased hostages held by Hamas and allied Palestinian armed groups.

All hostages have since been returned, except for the remains of one Israeli, Ran Gvili.

Israel has accused Hamas of delaying the handover of Gvili's body, while Hamas has said widespread destruction in Gaza made locating the remains difficult.

Gvili's family had urged mediators to delay the transition to phase two.

"Moving on breaks my heart. Have we given up? Ran did not give up on anyone," his sister, Shira Gvili, said after mediators announced the move.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said efforts to recover Gvili's remains would continue but has not publicly commented on the launch of phase two.

Hamas has accused Israel of repeated ceasefire violations, including air strikes, firing on civilians and advancing the so-called "Yellow Line," an informal boundary separating areas under Israeli military control from those under Hamas authority.

Gaza's Hamas-run health ministry said Israeli forces had killed 451 people since the ceasefire took effect.

Israel's military said it had targeted suspected fighters who crossed into restricted zones near the Yellow Line, adding that three Israeli soldiers were also killed by fighters during the same period.

Aid agencies say Israel has not allowed the volume of humanitarian assistance envisaged under phase one, a claim Israel rejects.

Gaza, whose borders and access points remain under Israeli control, continues to face severe shortages of food, clean water, medicine and fuel.

Israel and the United Nations have repeatedly disputed figures on the number of aid trucks permitted to enter the Palestinian territory.

- Disarmament, governance in phase two -

Under the second phase, Gaza is to be administered by a 15-member Palestinian technocratic committee operating under the supervision of a so-called "Board of Peace," to be chaired by Trump.

"The ball is now in the court of the mediators, the American guarantor and the international community to empower the committee," Bassem Naim, a senior Hamas leader, said in a statement on Thursday.

Mediators Egypt, Türkiye and Qatar said Ali Shaath, a former deputy minister in the Ramallah-based Palestinian Authority, had been appointed to lead the committee.

Shaath, in an interview, said the committee would rely on "brains rather than weapons" and would not coordinate with armed groups.

US Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff said phase two aims for the "full demilitarization and reconstruction of Gaza," including the disarmament of all unauthorized armed factions.

Witkoff said Washington expected Hamas to fulfill its remaining obligations, including the return of Gvili's body, warning that failure to do so would bring "serious consequences".

The plan also calls for the deployment of an International Stabilization Force to help secure Gaza and train vetted Palestinian police units.

For Palestinians, the central issue remains Israel's full military withdrawal from Gaza - a step included in the framework but for which no detailed timetable has been announced.

With fundamental disagreements persisting over disarmament, withdrawal and governance, diplomats say the success of phase two will depend on sustained pressure from mediators and whether both sides are willing - or able - to move beyond long-standing red lines.

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Arab World

Video of Visually Impaired Palestinian Boy Draws Global Attention

Ayoub holding his damaged glasses on 2 June. Photograph: Anadolu/Getty Images
Ayoub holding his damaged glasses on 2 June. Photograph: Anadolu/Getty Images
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Video of Visually Impaired Palestinian Boy Draws Global Attention

Ayoub holding his damaged glasses on 2 June. Photograph: Anadolu/Getty Images
Ayoub holding his damaged glasses on 2 June. Photograph: Anadolu/Getty Images

A video of a seven-year-old Palestinian boy in Gaza who suffers from a severe visual impairment crying over his shattered glasses has drawn widespread attention across social and international media, Britain’s the Guardian reported on Thursday.

The footage of Ayoub Junaid has shone a light on the plight of the many visually impaired children in Gaza who, because of Israel’s blockade and the devastation caused by the war, have been unable to access eye examinations, corrective lenses or specialist ophthalmic surgery.

After the clip was viewed by tens of millions of people, Ayoub received a new pair of glasses. This good news, however, does not solve the underlying problem, as he urgently needs surgery.

Ayoub’s mother, Eman Junaid, 30, displaced in the Gaza City port area, tells the Guardian her son’s problem began when he was two.

“Ayoub suffers from very severe nearsightedness after having a fever illness,” she says. A doctor told Junaid that Ayoub’s vision would gradually improve as he got older, but the opposite happened – the prescription he required increased and the lenses he now needs are not available in Gaza.

“We were preparing to travel for treatment, but the war started and everything stopped,” she adds.

Ayoub rarely leaves his tent, Junaid says. When he wants to play with his siblings or other children, he clings tightly to his glasses and moves with extreme caution. He does not run, jump or move freely. The doctors warned the family not to let him engage in strenuous activities because any fall or blow could cause further damage to his retinas.

Ayoub used to ask his mother why he was different from other children. He often asks her: “Why don’t the other children wear glasses like me? Why can’t I move like them? Why can’t I go to school like them?”

“At the end of April, while walking with a family member along a road strewn with rubble, he fell and struck his face on the ground, breaking the glasses,” his mother says. “He burst into tears, rolled on the ground and desperately tried to piece them back together. For Ayoub, those glasses were everything. Even with them, he cannot see clearly and often has to hold objects just inches from his face. But without them, he can barely move around at all.”

His family says the time Ayoub spent without glasses was particularly distressing. For three or four days, he rarely left a corner of the tent and was unable to move around without assistance. When he tried to walk on his own, he would crouch close to the ground, bringing his eyes near the floor in an effort to make out his surroundings.

Relatives said they repeatedly tried to repair his glasses, but the damaged lenses could not be fixed.

“The video I shared was filmed after we reached the tent,” his mother says. “In the street, he was crying even more and saying he wanted to fix his glasses because he could not see without them. After the video spread, donors helped us and we were able to get a new pair of glasses, but it is still not the correct prescription he needs.”

According to his family, Ayoub’s emotional state has shown signs of improvement. In recent days, he has appeared more willing to interact with visitors and those offering support. While the change remains modest, his family say it has brought them a sense of relief and hope.

Health officials in Gaza say the war has devastated eye care services, leaving thousands of visually impaired patients without treatment amid severe shortages of medical equipment and surgical supplies.

Hospitals are lacking key items including surgical microscopes and phaco machines. Officials say more than 2,800 patients are currently waiting for cataract surgery alone, while the total backlog for eye procedures, including corneal transplants, glaucoma operations and reconstructive surgery, exceeds 4,000 cases.

In addition to this, Israeli bombardment around medical facilities has forced the temporary shutdown of Gaza City’s Government Eye Hospital, the only public eye care center in the territory.

“The current situation clearly shows a shortage in all medical consumables and surgical tools,” says Dr. Hussam Dawoud, a senior consultant in ophthalmology and eye surgery and the director of the hospital. “Currently, we are providing services at around 60% of what we used to offer before the war. The main reason is that Israel is preventing the entry of medical equipment and surgical instruments.”

Doctors have also reported a sharp rise in severe corneal infections, which they attribute to overcrowded living conditions, poor sanitation and limited access to medication, with some patients suffering permanent vision loss.

Arab World

Cairo to Host Fourth Quadrilateral Meeting on Iran War

The foreign ministers of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Türkiye and Pakistan during a meeting to discuss the progress of US-Iran negotiations (Egyptian Foreign Ministry handout). 
The foreign ministers of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Türkiye and Pakistan during a meeting to discuss the progress of US-Iran negotiations (Egyptian Foreign Ministry handout). 
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Cairo to Host Fourth Quadrilateral Meeting on Iran War

The foreign ministers of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Türkiye and Pakistan during a meeting to discuss the progress of US-Iran negotiations (Egyptian Foreign Ministry handout). 
The foreign ministers of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Türkiye and Pakistan during a meeting to discuss the progress of US-Iran negotiations (Egyptian Foreign Ministry handout). 

Egypt is preparing to host the fourth meeting of the Quadrilateral Mechanism comprising Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Türkiye and Pakistan, as the four countries continue consultations aimed at easing tensions stemming from the conflict involving Iran.

Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty and Pakistan’s Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar discussed arrangements for the meeting during a phone call, according to a statement issued by Egypt’s Foreign Ministry on Thursday.

The ministers agreed on the importance of maintaining close coordination among the four countries amid what the statement described as dangerous developments in the region. They also discussed efforts to support the US-Iran negotiating track.

The first meeting of the mechanism was held in Riyadh on March 20, followed by a second meeting in Pakistan on March 29. The third meeting took place in the Turkish city of Antalya on April 17 on the sidelines of the Antalya Diplomacy Forum.

According to Egypt’s Foreign Ministry, participants at the latest meeting discussed ways to strengthen coordination in response to fast-moving regional developments, follow the course of US-Iran negotiations, and continue efforts to de-escalate tensions and contain the conflict.

They also discussed prospects for restoring regional security and stability and the future of the regional order after the current conflict.

The meeting brought together Abdelatty, Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan and Pakistan’s Ishaq Dar.

The ministers exchanged assessments of the conflict’s impact on the global economy and discussed ways to mitigate disruptions to international shipping, supply chains, food security, energy security, and oil prices.

Egyptian Foreign Ministry spokesman Tamim Khallaf said Abdelatty and Dar also exchanged views during their latest call on regional developments and stressed the importance of continued political and diplomatic efforts to contain the current escalation.

The two ministers also emphasized the importance of prioritizing diplomatic solutions to prevent the conflict from widening and to contain the current escalation, citing the serious security, economic and geopolitical consequences of the conflict for the region and the wider world, according to the ministry.

 

 

Arab World

Egypt Holds Military Exercises with Türkiye, Oman

The joint Egyptian Turkish air exercise on Thursday (from the Egyptian Military Spokesperson’s Facebook page). 
The joint Egyptian Turkish air exercise on Thursday (from the Egyptian Military Spokesperson’s Facebook page). 
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Egypt Holds Military Exercises with Türkiye, Oman

The joint Egyptian Turkish air exercise on Thursday (from the Egyptian Military Spokesperson’s Facebook page). 
The joint Egyptian Turkish air exercise on Thursday (from the Egyptian Military Spokesperson’s Facebook page). 

Egypt has conducted military exercises with both Türkiye and the Sultanate of Oman aimed at “exchanging training expertise and unifying operational concepts.”

The Egyptian-Turkish air exercise saw the participation of a number of multirole fighter aircraft. The drills are being carried out over several days at multiple air bases across Egypt.

According to a statement issued Thursday by the country’s military spokesperson, the first phase of the exercise included a series of theoretical lectures designed to standardize combat concepts and facilitate the exchange of training experience among participating personnel. The phase also featured a number of operational training sorties intended to coordinate efforts and enhance the two sides’ ability to operate jointly.

The exercise aims to “refine the skills of the participating forces to achieve the highest levels of efficiency and readiness to carry out joint air missions effectively under various conditions,” the military spokesperson said.

In September 2025, Egypt and Türkiye resumed their joint military exercise Sea of Friendship in the eastern Mediterranean after a 13-year hiatus, as part of efforts to develop bilateral relations and strengthen interoperability.

Türkiye’s Ministry of National Defense also announced that Turkish and Egyptian special forces conducted joint training in Ankara between April 21-29, 2025.

In a statement posted at the time on X, the ministry said the drills included urban warfare training, sniper exercises, medical training, parachute operations, and helicopter-based exercises involving assault operations, fast-roping insertion, medical evacuation, special reconnaissance missions, and other designated tasks.

Meanwhile, the Egyptian-Omani exercise Mountain Fortress 2 (Qal’at al-Jabal 2) is being held with the participation of members from Egypt’s Saaqa (Thunderbolt) Forces and Oman’s special forces. The drills are taking place over several days at combat training ranges worked by Egypt’s Saaqa Forces Command.

According to the Egyptian military spokesman, the first phase of the exercise focused on unifying operational concepts and fostering integration and cohesion among participating personnel.

The exercise is also expected to include a range of practical activities and field events designed to meet planned training objectives, facilitate the exchange of tactical expertise, and maximize the benefit to participating forces, according to the spokesman.