Why Is Hamas Once Again Displaying Its Flags and Threatening a 'New October 7'?

Palestinian Hamas militants stand guard on the day of the release of Keith Siegel,  a US-Israeli dual national hostage held in Gaza since the deadly October 7, 2023 attack, as part of a ceasefire and a hostages-prisoners swap deal between Hamas and Israel, in Gaza City, February 1, 2025. REUTERS/Mohammed Salem
Palestinian Hamas militants stand guard on the day of the release of Keith Siegel, a US-Israeli dual national hostage held in Gaza since the deadly October 7, 2023 attack, as part of a ceasefire and a hostages-prisoners swap deal between Hamas and Israel, in Gaza City, February 1, 2025. REUTERS/Mohammed Salem
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Why Is Hamas Once Again Displaying Its Flags and Threatening a 'New October 7'?

Palestinian Hamas militants stand guard on the day of the release of Keith Siegel,  a US-Israeli dual national hostage held in Gaza since the deadly October 7, 2023 attack, as part of a ceasefire and a hostages-prisoners swap deal between Hamas and Israel, in Gaza City, February 1, 2025. REUTERS/Mohammed Salem
Palestinian Hamas militants stand guard on the day of the release of Keith Siegel, a US-Israeli dual national hostage held in Gaza since the deadly October 7, 2023 attack, as part of a ceasefire and a hostages-prisoners swap deal between Hamas and Israel, in Gaza City, February 1, 2025. REUTERS/Mohammed Salem

The reappearance of Hamas flags and those of its military wing, the Al-Qassam Brigades, during the funeral of a field commander killed by Israel after he was targeted while walking was no coincidence. Rather, it was part of a coordinated effort that surprised many observers after a prolonged period during which the movement had refrained from such displays.

The funeral was held for Walid Haniyeh, a field commander in the Al-Qassam Brigades and a relative of former Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh, who was assassinated by Israel in Tehran in July 2024. It coincided with June 26, the day activists had called for mass protests against Hamas over the deteriorating humanitarian situation in Gaza. The movement paid close attention to the planned mobilization and worked extensively to thwart it, believing that "suspicious" actors were behind it, before the protests ultimately failed to attract significant participation.

Palestinians carry the body of Mohammad Odeh, a commander in the military wing of Hamas, during his funeral in Gaza City on May 27, 2026 (AFP)

Following that funeral, Hamas continued displaying its flags at the funerals of members killed by Israel. Al-Qassam Brigades flags also reappeared, armed men attended the ceremonies, and participants chanted slogans including, "Khaybar, Khaybar, O Jews... October 7 will return." The displays drew the attention of Israeli media, which launched a fresh campaign of incitement against Hamas and the Gaza Strip.

The last time Hamas flags and armed members appeared publicly was during the handover of Israeli hostages under the second prisoner exchange agreement, which began in January 2025, before Israel resumed its military campaign in March of the same year. Israeli forces later used those events to identify Hamas leaders and members who were subsequently killed in a series of targeted assassinations and military operations.

With the scenes recurring recently, particularly as Israeli military operations continue on a smaller scale despite the declared ceasefire in October 2025, Asharq Al-Awsat asked four Hamas sources in the Gaza Strip about the reasons behind the return of flags, armed participants, and the draping of victims' bodies in Hamas and Al-Qassam Brigades flags. All four said the movement's leadership in Gaza had taken a decision, which was circulated across all areas, to resume displaying flags and chanting what they described as "jihadist" slogans at the funerals of members killed by Israel.

Hamas police officers stand guard, amid a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, in Gaza City, October 11, 2025. REUTERS/Stringer

According to the four sources, each of whom spoke separately, the decision was intended to reaffirm the Hamas leadership's position that the movement remains present and strong, and cannot be defeated through military force or through any Israeli or US plans that bypass an agreement with Hamas over the future of the Gaza Strip and the Palestinian issue as a whole.

One source said one of the reasons behind the move was the calls for what became known as the June 26 public protests. According to the source, Hamas leaders believed there were attempts to create widespread unrest inside Gaza, and wanted the funeral of Walid Haniyeh, held hours before the planned demonstrations, to show that the movement remained strong and cohesive. The other three sources neither confirmed nor denied that account.

All four sources said the armed men appearing at recent funerals were relatives and friends of those killed, some of whom belong to Hamas, and that their participation was neither officially organized nor coordinated.

Regarding threats of repeating October 7 and other slogans described as "jihadist," the sources said such chants are largely spontaneous in their wording. However, an internal directive circulated among officials responsible for organizing local events, including funerals, instructed them to ensure that slogans emphasized the role of the "resistance" and conveyed that it remains active and present, just as it was before the war.

FILE PHOTO: Palestinian Hamas militants stand guard on the day of the handover of hostages held in Gaza since the deadly October 7 2023 attack, as part of a ceasefire and a hostages-prisoners swap deal between Hamas and Israel, in Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip, February 22, 2025. REUTERS/Hatem Khaled/File Photo

Some observers believe the move could provoke Israel and provide it with further justification for escalating military operations in Gaza. Hamas supporters inside and outside the enclave have called for an end to the display of flags and the chanting of such slogans, arguing that Israeli media had exploited them to intensify its campaign of incitement against Gaza, much as it did at the beginning of the war. They also warned that Israeli intelligence could use the funerals to identify field activists and later target them for assassination, as happened previously following prisoner exchanges and other events.

Two Hamas sources acknowledged that such concerns may be valid but argued that Israel does not need additional justifications. They said military operations have continued despite the declared ceasefire, with assassinations and other attacks persisting at varying levels of intensity. According to the sources, more than 1,060 Palestinians have been killed so far as a result of the continuing Israeli military operations.

A third source said: "The reality has certainly changed, and what worked before the war is no longer suited to the current circumstances. But that does not mean complete surrender. Assassinations have repeatedly shown that they do not weaken the movement. Instead, they strengthen its resolve to continue its course."

At the same time, several Israeli television channels and newspapers published reports citing official intelligence assessments submitted to the Israeli military's General Staff and political leadership. The reports claimed Hamas was rebuilding its capabilities in Gaza by manufacturing various types of weapons, restoring some tunnels, and possibly preparing attacks against Israeli forces. They also alleged that the movement continues to reject disarmament, maintain control over humanitarian aid, transfer funds from abroad to Gaza to pay its members, channel funds to its military wing to rebuild its ranks, and recruit new members.

According to the Israeli newspaper Israel Hayom, the Israeli military has intensified targeted assassinations in Gaza in an effort to hinder Hamas' attempts to consolidate its presence while rebuilding its military capabilities. The newspaper quoted a political source as saying: "We are accelerating the pace of assassinations, but remain below the threshold of international criticism. This will continue as long as Hamas is unwilling to disarm."

Fighters from Al-Qassam Brigades, affiliated with Hamas, in the Gaza Strip (Archive)

Meanwhile, Yedioth Ahronoth reported that Yaniv Asor, commander of the Israeli military's Southern Command, has for some time been trying to persuade the General Staff to resume large-scale fighting in Gaza. According to the newspaper, he has so far failed because the political leadership does not currently want to resume full-scale combat, given the constraints imposed by the United States.

The four Hamas sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that Israeli threats and reports in the Hebrew-language media form part of an ongoing campaign of incitement that predates the war, continued throughout it, and persists to this day.

Two of the sources said Hamas is making use of some of the capabilities available to it in preparation to defend Palestinians should Israel resume the war. However, they insisted that the movement does not intend to launch another attack similar to that of October 7, 2023, or any comparable operation. Instead, they said, its objective is to reach an agreement that guarantees Palestinian rights, brings the war to a complete end, ensures humanitarian relief for Gaza's residents, restores the basic necessities of life, and enables the reconstruction of their homes.



Aoun Rejects Any Settlement at Lebanon’s Expense as Salam Rallies Int’l Support

Lebanese President Joseph Aoun speaks during an interview with AFP at the Presidential Palace in Baabda on September 15, 2026. (Photo by JOSEPH EID / AFP)
Lebanese President Joseph Aoun speaks during an interview with AFP at the Presidential Palace in Baabda on September 15, 2026. (Photo by JOSEPH EID / AFP)
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Aoun Rejects Any Settlement at Lebanon’s Expense as Salam Rallies Int’l Support

Lebanese President Joseph Aoun speaks during an interview with AFP at the Presidential Palace in Baabda on September 15, 2026. (Photo by JOSEPH EID / AFP)
Lebanese President Joseph Aoun speaks during an interview with AFP at the Presidential Palace in Baabda on September 15, 2026. (Photo by JOSEPH EID / AFP)

Lebanese President Joseph Aoun has stressed the need to strengthen national unity in the face of the challenges confronting Lebanon, saying any political settlement must not come at the expense of the country and its national interests.

Aoun warned on Tuesday against “seeking support from abroad against one another at home in ways that serve Lebanon’s enemies.”

“Let us instead draw strength from one another in dealing with the outside world,” he said.

Aoun stressed that Lebanon cannot be built by a single group, sect, or political party, calling for efforts to overcome divisions and enhance dialogue and communication among Lebanese citizens as the gateway to building trust and ensuring stability.

He said Lebanon can recover whenever its people place the national interest above all other considerations, urging greater engagement between generations and a move away from grudges and divisions.

Salam Mobilizes Support in New York

In New York, Prime Minister Nawaf Salam held a series of meetings on the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly, stressing Lebanon’s priorities in discussions with UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, Jordan’s King Abdullah II, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Finnish President Alexander Stubb, Qatari Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani, Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi, Bahraini Foreign Minister Abdullatif bin Rashid Al-Zayani, and US Senator Jeanne Shaheen.

During these meetings, Salam stressed the need for Israel to fully withdraw from Lebanese territory and cease its attacks, strengthen the capabilities of the Lebanese Army, and ensure a continued international presence in southern Lebanon following the end of UNIFIL’s mandate.
He also emphasized extending state authority across the country and ensuring that weapons remain solely under state control.

Salam sought support for Lebanon’s recovery, reconstruction, and rehabilitation efforts, as well as for the continuation of government reforms and the expansion of cooperation and investment, particularly in energy, transportation, and regional connectivity.

Meeting with the UN Secretary-General

In his meeting with Guterres, Salam stressed the importance of maintaining a UN-backed international presence in southern Lebanon after the conclusion of UNIFIL’s mission, arguing that such a presence would support stability and help extend state authority.

He also discussed the humanitarian situation, noting that approximately 329,000 people remain displaced, and highlighted the need to shift from emergency response measures toward supporting returns, recovery efforts, and the restoration of essential services.

Regional Consultations

With King Abdullah II of Jordan, discussions focused on supporting Lebanon and its institutions, particularly the Lebanese Army, continuing coordination to reduce tensions, and mobilizing international support for arrangements that would prevent a security vacuum in the south.

In talks with Erdogan, Salam discussed strengthening Lebanese-Turkish relations and expanding cooperation in trade, investment, energy, and infrastructure, in addition to electricity and railway connectivity projects and support for recovery and reconstruction in southern Lebanon.

Salam to the Lebanese Diaspora: Difficult Decisions and Reforms

Addressing members of the Lebanese community in New York, Salam said that despite the difficult circumstances, the government had not abandoned its course. Instead, it had taken “difficult decisions” and launched a serious reform agenda aimed at changing the country's trajectory and building a state in which Lebanese citizens can regain confidence.

On the issue of weapons, Salam stressed that the government remains committed to implementing its decisions so that the state alone exercises authority across Lebanon, holds exclusive control over decisions of war and peace, and entrusts responsibility for citizens’ security to the Lebanese Army and legitimate security institutions.

He linked these efforts to achieving an Israeli withdrawal, securing the return of residents to southern Lebanon, and launching a broader recovery and reconstruction process, emphasizing that stability is an essential prerequisite for economic revival and investment.


Iraqi-American Understanding on ‘Disarmament’ by Mid-2027

Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi during his meeting on Monday with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio in New York (government media)
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi during his meeting on Monday with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio in New York (government media)
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Iraqi-American Understanding on ‘Disarmament’ by Mid-2027

Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi during his meeting on Monday with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio in New York (government media)
Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi during his meeting on Monday with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio in New York (government media)

Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi renewed his government's commitment to restricting the possession of weapons to state institutions, a policy that has become known as the "disarmament of armed factions.”

The statement came during al-Zaidi's meeting with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio in New York on Monday, on the sidelines of the 81st session of the United Nations General Assembly.

According to a statement from the Iraqi Prime Minister's Office, al-Zaidi told Rubio that his government is working to strengthen Iraqi-American relations and elevate the level of strategic partnership between the two countries through constructive economic cooperation that expands areas of joint work and enhances mutual interests.

Al-Zaidi also reaffirmed the government's determination to complete its sovereign obligations and move forward with measures to ensure that arms remain exclusively in the hands of the state, in accordance with constitutional and legal principles.

The government statement quoted Rubio as expressing US support for Iraq in consolidating and sustaining internal stability, meeting the aspirations of Iraqis for economic development and greater engagement with the world, and supporting government measures aimed at strengthening state institutions and promoting stability and economic growth.

Following the meeting between al-Zaidi and Rubio, Tom Barrack, the US Presidential Special Envoy for Iraq, told reporters on Tuesday that an agreement had been reached to place all weapons under the control of the Iraqi state and to fully resolve the issue by the end of June 2027. This partially aligns with remarks al-Zaidi made to The New York Times.

Al-Zaidi outlined his government's plan to disarm armed factions and integrate their members, beginning with a 90-day preliminary phase during which the factions would halt their attacks in exchange for not being targeted by US strikes.

This may indicate that al-Zaidi succeeded in persuading Washington to grant additional time to settle the issue of disarming armed factions.

Previously, his government had adhered to a September 30 deadline, which coincides with the withdrawal of the US-led international coalition forces from Iraq.

Barrack has been quoted by the media as saying that the weapons of all armed groups in Iraq would be brought under control by 2027, with the state becoming the country’s sole armed authority.


Türkiye’s Erdogan Urges World to ‘Immediately’ Start Rebuilding Gaza

Türkiye’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan addresses the 81st United Nations General Assembly at UN headquarters in New York City, US, September 22, 2026. (Reuters)
Türkiye’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan addresses the 81st United Nations General Assembly at UN headquarters in New York City, US, September 22, 2026. (Reuters)
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Türkiye’s Erdogan Urges World to ‘Immediately’ Start Rebuilding Gaza

Türkiye’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan addresses the 81st United Nations General Assembly at UN headquarters in New York City, US, September 22, 2026. (Reuters)
Türkiye’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan addresses the 81st United Nations General Assembly at UN headquarters in New York City, US, September 22, 2026. (Reuters)

The world must immediately start the reconstruction of the devastated Gaza Strip, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said on Tuesday.

"We must begin the reconstruction of Gaza immediately," he told the United Nations General Assembly, urging world leaders to "exert greater pressure on Israel."

Since Hamas fighters launched their October 7, 2023 attack on Israel, triggering a massive response, the tiny Palestinian territory has been devastated by countless Israeli airstrikes, which by October 2025 had left 84 percent of all structures damaged or destroyed, UN figures show.

Despite a US-brokered ceasefire in October 2025, Israel has continued its airstrikes and restricted entry of equipment that international NGOs say is needed for the territory's reconstruction, which has yet to begin.

According to a joint assessment published by the United Nations, the World Bank and the European Union in April, Gaza will require $71.4 billion in recovery and reconstruction spending over the next decade.

Erdogan also urged all nations that have yet to recognize Palestine as an independent state to "reconsider," with his words prompting the Israeli delegation to walk out of the hall.

"I would like to call upon all those countries who have yet not recognized the state of Palestine to reconsider their decisions," he said.

A year ago, France led a special UN summit to recognize a Palestinian state at which 10 countries formally made the move, among them Britain, Canada and Australia, bringing the number of UN member states to do so to around 157, more than four-fifths of the UN membership.

The move has been roundly rejected by Israel.