The Iraqi government is intensifying diplomatic engagement with its Arab neighbors, especially Gulf Arab states, ahead of an expected visit by Iraqi Prime Minister Ali al-Zaidi to the United States.
It is an effort to strengthen regional and international partnerships, address economic and security issues, and recover funds linked to corruption cases.
As part of that push, Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Fuad Hussein began a visit to Kuwait at the head of a delegation that included the national security adviser, the governor of Basra and senior Foreign Ministry officials.
Hussein said in a post on X that the visit aimed to “discuss developing relations with Kuwait in a way that serves the interests of the two brotherly peoples.”
Hours after his arrival, Hussein said in a separate statement that Kuwaiti authorities had agreed to release Iraqi fishermen detained by the Kuwaiti coast guard last week. He said they would return to Basra province with the Basra governor after legal procedures were completed.
The Iraqi minister said the decision came in response to a request made by the Iraqi delegation during its meeting with Kuwaiti First Deputy Prime Minister and Interior Minister Sheikh Fahad Yusuf Saud al-Sabah.
A government source said the Iraqi government was “keen to maximize its relations with its Arab surroundings, especially the Gulf, which requires sending positive messages that reinforce this direction,” adding that the foreign minister carried several important files with him during the visit.
The source told Asharq Al-Awsat that the delegation also discussed economic files, including strengthening investment partnerships and the possibility of Kuwait supplying Iraq with gas to operate power plants, as Iraq faces chronic challenges in its energy sector, particularly during the summer months.
‘Iraq will not join any axis’
The diplomatic moves come as al-Zaidi prepares to visit the United States. In press remarks on Thursday, he said Washington’s release of cash dollar shipments to Iraq after a suspension lasting several months represented “a gesture of goodwill” toward Baghdad.
Al-Zaidi said his expected visit would include “an announcement of economic and political partnership with Washington,” adding that the two countries could expand the exchange of security information.
He stressed that Iraq “will not join any axis” amid regional tensions, but said Baghdad continued to seek to bring the United States and Iran closer together to help resolve their disputes and achieve stability in the region.
The prime minister said his foreign tour would not be limited to Washington and would be followed by visits to several Arab countries. He said it was “important for Iraq to be part of the Arab incubator.”
He added that Baghdad sought to establish an economic partnership with Saudi Arabia during an expected visit to Riyadh before heading to Damascus, citing the importance of strengthening economic cooperation with neighboring Syria.
On energy, al-Zaidi denied reports that Iraq intended to withdraw from OPEC, saying his country would remain a member of the organization but was seeking a “fair share” of oil exports.
Impact of Iranian influence
Observers say Iraq’s moves toward Gulf states are part of an effort to rebalance its foreign policy, alongside its opening to the United States, as the regional environment grows more complex.
Issam al-Fayli, a professor of political science at Mustansiriyah University, told Asharq Al-Awsat that the government faced the challenge of balancing Iranian influence inside Iraq with the prospects of relations with the United States.
He said the prime minister was “serious about limiting the influence of Iranian arms in preparation for a new Iraqi project based on economic openness and energy projects in the region.”
Ihsan al-Shammari, head of the Political Thinking Center, said Iraq could repair its relations with Gulf states if it adopted a new vision to redefine those ties, adding that previous governments had not achieved tangible progress on that front.
He said Baghdad needed to restore Gulf Arab trust by reducing the impact of Iranian influence and addressing the issue of armed factions, opening the way for broader economic and trade partnerships.
Ghalib al-Daami, a professor of political science at Mustansiriyah University, said “loose weapons” represented the biggest obstacle to developing relations with Gulf states. He said the current government appeared serious about fighting corruption and addressing the issue of armed factions.
Talib Mohammed Karim, a professor of political science, told Asharq Al-Awsat that Iraq had a real opportunity to strengthen relations with its Arab surroundings, especially Gulf states, amid regional shifts.
But he said the success of that path depended on the state’s ability to entrench stability, strengthen its sovereignty and provide an environment attractive to investment.
Muhannad Salloum, a professor of security studies, said Baghdad’s success in rebuilding trust with Gulf states first required the state to monopolize the use of force and address the issue of militias and armed factions.
Second, he said, Iraq needed to expand economic links with Gulf states through projects such as railway connectivity, the Development Road and security cooperation systems.
Third, it needed to take confidence-building steps, address mutual accusations of attacks that some Gulf states attribute to Iraqi factions, and strengthen mutual understanding between the two sides.
