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Saudi Arabia Unveils Roadmap to Reach its 10 Bln Tree Target

A woman walks past the entrance of the convention center before the opening session of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Climate Week, a UN-organized conference hosted in the Saudi capital Riyadh, on October 8, 2023. (AFP)
A woman walks past the entrance of the convention center before the opening session of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Climate Week, a UN-organized conference hosted in the Saudi capital Riyadh, on October 8, 2023. (AFP)
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Saudi Arabia Unveils Roadmap to Reach its 10 Bln Tree Target

A woman walks past the entrance of the convention center before the opening session of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Climate Week, a UN-organized conference hosted in the Saudi capital Riyadh, on October 8, 2023. (AFP)
A woman walks past the entrance of the convention center before the opening session of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Climate Week, a UN-organized conference hosted in the Saudi capital Riyadh, on October 8, 2023. (AFP)

Saudi Arabia announced on Monday a roadmap to achieve its ambitious greening target of growing 10 billion trees under the Saudi Green Initiative, a project spearheaded by Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince, Prime Minister, and Chairman of the Higher Committee for the Saudi Green Initiative.

The announcement reflects the Kingdom's commitment to addressing the environmental challenges it faces and to improving the quality of life of its citizens through the long-term economic and social benefits that will also be unlocked by the planting efforts.

The roadmap was announced at the second annual MENA Climate Week that is being held in Saudi Arabia from October 8-12.

The roadmap strategically lays out a plan for Saudi Arabia’s habitat zones to achieve the maximum potential vegetation cover. Additionally, it considers zones such as cities, highways and greenbelts to ensure that trees are planted where they can deliver ecosystem services that benefit the health and wellbeing of Saudi residents, the majority of whom live in urban areas.

City centers are projected to benefit from increased tree canopy cover which will reduce temperatures by at least 2.2℃ and improve air quality.

Extreme heat and ambient air pollution are some of the most prevalent environmental hazards affecting urban residents globally and are associated with a range of non-communicable diseases, such as respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses.

Reduced CO2 levels is an anticipated benefit of increased tree plantation and green spaces in cities.

Over the course of implementation, jobs will be created Kingdom-wide to assist with efforts including tree growing, seed collection, landscape preparation and maintenance, development of urban water reuse networks, the creation of new parks and protected areas, and pioneering sustainability innovations.

Saudi Arabia’s tree planting target is one of the highest amongst any greening program globally. The Kingdom faces some of the most challenging natural conditions with rainfall, arable land mass, and forest area all below the global average.

The 10 billion tree target was originally announced as being equivalent to rehabilitating 40 million hectares of land. In the process of conducting the study, the target has been revised to 74.8 million hectares.

Planting 10 billion trees amounts to 1% of the global greening target and 20% of the Middle East Green Initiative’s afforestation target of planting 50 billion trees across the Middle East. Forty-one million trees have already been planted in Saudi Arabia between 2017 to 2023.

The roadmap is the outcome of a two-year in-depth feasibility study conducted by the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture (MEWA) and the National Center for Vegetation Development and Combating Desertification (NCVC). The study was undertaken in collaboration with renowned multidisciplinary global and local experts.

The objective of the study was not only to make the 10 billion target achievable but to incorporate sustainable irrigation methods into the planting process and ensure that the trees and shrubs selected are compatible with the Kingdom’s native varieties and suitable to the selected environment.

Over 1,150 field surveys were conducted across Saudi Arabia as part of the study, including geospatial suitability analysis for vegetation cover, based on environmental conditions including soil, water, temperature, wind and elevation. The study included a thorough assessment of all possible sectoral domains in the Kingdom, leveraging science-based recommendations and technology.

The chosen roadmap will be implemented in two phases. The first, extending between 2024 and 2030, will focus on the environmental domain, taking a nature-based approach. From 2030 onwards, phase two will be implemented incorporating a fully comprehensive approach with the greatest level of human intervention.

The Kingdom is home to a rich diversity of over 2,000 species of flora spread across a variety of habitat zones including mangroves, inland marshes, mountain forests, rangelands, national parks and valleys. By 2030, over 600 million trees are expected to be planted.

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AI Camp Kicks Off in Madinah with 120 Participants

AI Camp kicks off in Madinah with 120 participants. (SPA)
AI Camp kicks off in Madinah with 120 participants. (SPA)
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AI Camp Kicks Off in Madinah with 120 Participants

AI Camp kicks off in Madinah with 120 participants. (SPA)
AI Camp kicks off in Madinah with 120 participants. (SPA)

The AI Camp kicked off at the Madinah Chamber of Commerce and Industry on Sunday as part of the MED AI Forum, bringing together 120 participants and nine speakers over five days, the Saudi Press Agency said on Monday.

The camp aims to develop innovative solutions to real-world challenges through three tracks: sports, agriculture, and tourism, enabling participants to progress from identifying challenges and generating ideas to building prototypes and preparing for the hackathon.

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Tokyo Residents Fight for More Trees

This picture taken on August 25, 2026 shows a woman crossing with her bike on a street in Tokyo. (Photo by Philip FONG / AFP)
This picture taken on August 25, 2026 shows a woman crossing with her bike on a street in Tokyo. (Photo by Philip FONG / AFP)
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Tokyo Residents Fight for More Trees

This picture taken on August 25, 2026 shows a woman crossing with her bike on a street in Tokyo. (Photo by Philip FONG / AFP)
This picture taken on August 25, 2026 shows a woman crossing with her bike on a street in Tokyo. (Photo by Philip FONG / AFP)

One sweltering day in Tokyo, Kaoru Morimoto told friends she wasn't sure she could endure another summer in her neighborhood, where tree cover and the crucial shade it provides is dwindling.

As Japan experiences ever more frequent extreme heat, tree cover that can help lower temperatures is shrinking rather than growing in Tokyo, bucking a trend among many major world capitals.

Morimoto wants that to change. Last year she launched a campaign urging officials to set a canopy cover target, a rare grassroots initiative focused on the issue.

"Everyone says the summer has become more intense," but public awareness about Tokyo's lack of tree cover is low, Morimoto told AFP.

In this picture taken on August 25, 2026 activist Kaoru Morimoto looks on while checking the temperature in Nakano district of Tokyo. (Photo by Philip FONG / AFP)

Together with Susumu Nirasawa, a fellow resident in her western Tokyo neighborhood of Nakano, the 66-year-old organizes expert talks, shares temperature data on social media, and attends local council meetings where she petitions officials. Around 30 others in the community have joined the cause.

"We want the ward government to take the issue seriously," Nirasawa, 71, said.

Japan saw its hottest summer on record in 2025, with warmer days on the rise globally due to climate change.

This year, the country recorded almost 120 heat-related deaths between May and August, while more than 73,000 people needed emergency care.

Although experts say greater tree cover can help lower air temperatures, a University of Tokyo study in 2024 showed the city lost canopy cover equivalent to three and a half times the size of New York's Central Park in under a decade.

Thermometers and notebook in hand, Morimoto and Nirasawa take their own temperature readings in Nakano, hoping hard data will help unite their neighbors behind the cause.

We "measured the shade under trees with large canopies and under trees that had been more heavily pruned," said Morimoto. "There was about a three-degree difference."

In the 2024 study, University of Tokyo researcher and urban forestry expert Kinya Shiraishi found that canopy cover in central Tokyo fell to 7.3 percent in 2022 from 9.2 percent in 2013, a loss of 12 square kilometers.

By comparison, canopy cover in New York stands at around 23 percent, with the city aiming to raise it to 30 percent by 2040.

London aims for a 10 percent increase from its current 20 percent by 2050, while Paris also plans to boost coverage from about 18 percent.

"If we want to improve the quality of urban life, canopy cover is one of the key factors," Shiraishi told AFP, adding that trees also lower flooding risks and can help city dwellers feel calmer.

He said the decline was driven largely by the loss of private residential gardens, with ageing landowners selling their properties and mature trees often felled as large plots are subdivided to meet housing demand in the capital.

Many roads in Tokyo are also narrow and have little space for greenery, while authorities are wary of trees toppling over in extreme weather.

A Tokyo metropolitan government official told AFP that the city "is currently working to expand tree canopies through careful pruning, focusing on roads where the pavements are wide and the trees can grow".

Without proper management, trees threaten the visibility of traffic lights and are at risk of falling during typhoons, he said, adding that Tokyo uses a benchmark for measuring greenery which includes farmland and grassland found in its outer reaches.

But on a hot, sunny day in the city center, there was little shade along a street home to the finance ministry. One plane tree stood almost bare, its upper branches cut back close to the trunk.

"Unless we promptly make efforts to increase canopy cover and shift our policies, we'll run out of time," said Eijiro Fujii, professor emeritus at Chiba University who specializes in horticulture, glancing at a group of heavily pruned trees in Tokyo's central district of Kasumigaseki.

In this picture taken on August 25, 2026 Eijiro Fujii, professor emeritus at Chiba University, speaks during an interview with AFP in the Kasumigaseki neighbourhood, where most government ministries are located, in Tokyo. (Photo by Philip FONG / AFP)

Fujii blames overpruning, developed to manage trees in limited spaces, as well as the frequent rotation of public officials overseeing street greenery, for the decrease in canopy cover.

In Nakano, Morimoto and Nirasawa say the ward's mayor has recently begun to emphasize the importance of tree shade, but neighborhood officials have so far failed to set a target for canopy cover.

"Deaths from heat stroke are rapidly increasing in Japan," Fujii said. "We need to act before it's too late."

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KAUST, Oxford Develop Electronic Sensor to Detect Parkinson’s Markers in Blood

The study was published in Science Advances. SPA
The study was published in Science Advances. SPA
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KAUST, Oxford Develop Electronic Sensor to Detect Parkinson’s Markers in Blood

The study was published in Science Advances. SPA
The study was published in Science Advances. SPA

Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), in collaboration with the University of Oxford, have developed a blood-based electronic sensor capable of detecting molecular signatures associated with Parkinson’s disease.

The study was published in Science Advances. The technology uses a highly sensitive electronic sensor developed at KAUST to simultaneously detect three different forms of alpha-synuclein, a protein closely associated with Parkinson’s disease. The sensor can detect these proteins at extremely low concentrations that are difficult to measure using conventional analytical techniques.

The approach first isolates tiny packages released by nerve cells into the bloodstream before their protein contents are analyzed using the electronic sensor. At the heart of the technology is a transistor that amplifies very small biological signals into much larger electronic signals, allowing all three forms of alpha-synuclein to be measured within 40 minutes.

Parkinson’s damages dopamine-producing neurons, leading to problems with movement, balance, and other bodily functions. It is currently diagnosed largely through clinical assessment, often after characteristic movement symptoms have emerged.

Detecting disease-related proteins originating from the brain could offer an earlier window into the disease but measuring them in blood is extremely difficult because more than 95 percent of circulating alpha-synuclein originates from red blood cells, creating heavy background noise.

Saudi Arabia’s healthcare system is placing increasing emphasis on prevention and earlier detection as people live longer. Life expectancy in the Kingdom has risen to 79.7 years, approaching the Saudi Vision 2030 target of 80, while the proportion of older people is expected to grow significantly in the coming decades.

Against this backdrop, technologies that could eventually help identify age-related diseases such as Parkinson’s earlier could become increasingly relevant to long-term healthcare.

In a blinded evaluation involving 59 participants from the Oxford Discovery cohort, the platform achieved 90.9 percent accuracy in distinguishing disease-associated profiles from healthy controls.

The study included people diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, healthy controls, and individuals with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder, a condition which is associated with an increased risk of developing Parkinson’s or related neurological disorders.

Researchers found distinct patterns in the different forms of alpha-synuclein across the groups, suggesting that measuring them together could provide more useful diagnostic information than relying on a single marker.

Associate Professor of Bioengineering at KAUST Sahika Inal said: “Changes associated with Parkinson’s can begin long before a clinical diagnosis, but detecting those changes through something as accessible as blood remains extremely challenging.”

“Our approach allows us to detect several forms of alpha-synuclein together at extremely low concentrations. These early results are encouraging, and the next step is to validate the technology in much larger groups of patients,” he added.

The researchers caution that the technology is not yet a standalone clinical blood test. The current study represents a retrospective evaluation in an initial cohort, and larger, prospective, multicenter clinical studies will be needed to establish its long-term predictive value before the platform could be used routinely in healthcare.