Trove of Dinosaur Footprints Found at Australian School

This undated handout photo released by the University of Queensland and received by AFP on March 12, 2025 shows palaeontologist Anthony Romilio inspecting a boulder sitting outside a school which contains dinosaur footprints, in the town of Biloela, in central Queensland. (Photo by Handout / UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND / AFP)
This undated handout photo released by the University of Queensland and received by AFP on March 12, 2025 shows palaeontologist Anthony Romilio inspecting a boulder sitting outside a school which contains dinosaur footprints, in the town of Biloela, in central Queensland. (Photo by Handout / UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND / AFP)
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Trove of Dinosaur Footprints Found at Australian School

This undated handout photo released by the University of Queensland and received by AFP on March 12, 2025 shows palaeontologist Anthony Romilio inspecting a boulder sitting outside a school which contains dinosaur footprints, in the town of Biloela, in central Queensland. (Photo by Handout / UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND / AFP)
This undated handout photo released by the University of Queensland and received by AFP on March 12, 2025 shows palaeontologist Anthony Romilio inspecting a boulder sitting outside a school which contains dinosaur footprints, in the town of Biloela, in central Queensland. (Photo by Handout / UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND / AFP)

A trove of fossilized dinosaur footprints has been found on a slab of rock gathering dust inside an Australian school, scientists said on Wednesday.

The rock went largely unnoticed for 20 years until the school, in Queensland's rural Banana shire, asked paleontologist Anthony Romilio to examine a cluster of three-toed track marks.

Romilio said the slab was stamped with dozens of fossilized footprints dating to the early Jurassic period some 200 million years ago, AFP reported.

It showed "one of the highest concentrations of dinosaur footprints" ever documented in Australia, he said.

"It's an unprecedented snapshot of dinosaur abundance, movement and behavior from a time when no fossilized dinosaur bones have been found in Australia," said Romilio, from the University of Queensland.

"Significant fossils like this can sit unnoticed for years, even in plain sight.

"It's incredible to think that a piece of history this rich was resting in a schoolyard all this time."

Coal miners dug up the slab in 2002 and, noticing the unusual footprints, gifted it to a school in the small town of Biloela, where it was eventually displayed in the foyer.

The rock sat there until researchers started asking around for any dinosaur fossils discovered in the area.

"Some of the teachers thought this was a replica rather than the real thing," Romilio said.

"Everyone didn't quite realize what they actually have.

"They definitely knew it was a dinosaur footprint. But not the level of detail that a researcher like myself would go into."

Romilio said 66 separate track impressions were found on the slab, which had a surface area of less than one square meter.

They belonged to a dinosaur called Anomoepus scambus -- a small and chunky plant eater that walked on two legs, he said.

"Fossilized footprints, even though they are the most abundant of dinosaur fossils, tend to be cast aside by a lot of researchers.

"They don't have the sex appeal of a fossilized bone.

"The vast majority of dinosaur fossils, they're not found by paleontologists. They're actually found by people on the ground."

Romilio's hunt for fossils in the region also unearthed a two-ton boulder marking the entrance to a coal mine car park.

"As I'm driving into the car park, I see one of those car park boulders to stop cars from driving on the lawn.

"And it's got this clear-as-day dinosaur fossil. My jaw dropped when I saw that."

Romilio and a team of researchers published their findings in peer-reviewed journal Historical Biology.



Landmark Nepal Survey Estimates Nearly 400 Elusive Snow Leopards

A snow leopard walks in its enclosure at the RZSS Highland Wildlife Park near Kincraig Scotland, Britain, February 12, 2016. (Reuters)
A snow leopard walks in its enclosure at the RZSS Highland Wildlife Park near Kincraig Scotland, Britain, February 12, 2016. (Reuters)
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Landmark Nepal Survey Estimates Nearly 400 Elusive Snow Leopards

A snow leopard walks in its enclosure at the RZSS Highland Wildlife Park near Kincraig Scotland, Britain, February 12, 2016. (Reuters)
A snow leopard walks in its enclosure at the RZSS Highland Wildlife Park near Kincraig Scotland, Britain, February 12, 2016. (Reuters)

Nepal's first nationwide survey of the threatened snow leopard estimated nearly 400 of the elusive big cats in the Himalayan nation, wildlife officials said Tuesday.

Habitat loss, climate change and poaching have greatly impacted snow leopard populations across Asia, listed as a "vulnerable" species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

But the survey offers a rare shot of hope, confirming numbers lie at the upper end of the previous estimates.

With thick grey fur dotted with dark spots, and large paws that act as natural snow shoes, the species are difficult to spot and quick to hide, making field research challenging.

"This is a historic step in Nepal's snow leopard conservation journey," Haribhadra Acharya, senior ecologist at the Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, told AFP.

"This is the first time we are getting authentic data with the great effort of researchers," he said.

An estimated total of 397 snow leopards were counted, determined through motion-sensor camera and genetic analysis in seven key areas.

It offers the most comprehensive national estimate of snow leopards -- also known as the "ghosts of mountains" -- previously estimated by the IUCN to be in the range of 301-400.

Snow leopards are the least studied of the big cats globally due to their low population density and remote mountain habitats they inhabit.

"Nepal has only two percent of the size of the snow leopard habitats globally, (yet) we host 10 percent of the total estimated population", Ghana S Gurung, country representative of WWF Nepal, told AFP.

"More importantly, we are the second smallest country in terms of snow leopard habitat size after Bhutan, (but) we hold the fourth largest population," he added.

The Snow Leopard Trust, a US-based conservation group, says the exact total number is not known but that "there may be as few as 3,920 and probably no more than 6,390" across 12 countries in Asia.

Although conservationists have welcomed the new population estimate, many remain concerned about the threats posed by climate change and infrastructure development.

"New road construction, installation of transmission lines, and increased human activity in search of herbs are disrupting snow leopards' habitats in the Himalayas," said Acharya, one of the lead researchers.

Experts say the increasing avalanches in the mountains -- where climate change is exacerbating extremes of weather patterns -- are another threat.

Nepal has been praised worldwide for its efforts to protect wildlife which have helped several species, including tigers and rhinos, to return from the brink of local extinction.

The country's conservation efforts have helped to triple its tiger population to 355 since 2010 and to increase one-horned rhinoceros from around 100 in the 1960s to 752 in 2021.