Sydney's Coogee Beach reopened on Monday under the watchful eyes of lifeguards and jet ski patrols, after a shark attack over the weekend left a woman critically injured and prompted a safety review at Australia's popular shorelines.
The 35-year-old victim was swimming about 30 meters (100 feet) from the shore on Saturday morning when she was bitten by a three-to-four-meter-long shark, sustaining serious injuries to her arms and lower left leg. She remains in hospital in stable condition.
Local authorities urged swimmers to be cautious.
"Our Lifeguards will continue JetSki patrols throughout the day, and Surf Life Saving NSW is operating a shark-spotting drone at Coogee Beach," Randwick City Council said in a statement.
Coogee, south of iconic Bondi Beach, is symbolic of Sydney's coastal lifestyle. The beaches, which lie east of the city, are famous for their golden sands and dramatic coastal cliffs and draw millions of tourists from around the world every year, making water safety a high-stakes priority for the authorities.
"I wouldn't even dip my toe in at the minute," said local resident Ryan Brady. "I used to do a few lengths across the beach but I'd always have in the back of my mind is there sharks around but after, after the weekend, no. It's kind of a nail in the coffin for me."
Saturday's attack was the latest in a series of shark encounters off Australian beaches.
The week before, a man died after being attacked by a shark while fishing off the coast of Western Australia. Last month, a 39-year-old man died after being attacked while fishing on Queensland's Great Barrier Reef. Ten days before that, a 38-year-old was fatally mauled off an island near Perth in Western Australia.
Dozens of beaches along Australia's east coast were closed in January after four shark attacks in two days.
While shark encounters remain statistically rare, a Reuters analysis of data from the Australian Shark Incident Database shows a gradual rise in encounters, with the country averaging nearly 29 incidents per year over the last decade, up from an average of roughly 16 per year in the 2000s.
"We have seen more shark bites recently but that's probably more to do with population increase," said Leonardo Guida, shark scientist at the Australian Marine Conservation Society.
Climate change was also a factor, he added, with warmer waters prompting people to go to the beach more often, and also changing sharks' movements.
"Climate is changing how our ocean works and sharks are just one aspect of it," Guida added.
SHARK CULL DEBATE
The attack has forced a regulatory review of aerial surveillance.
While emergency drones were deployed on Monday, Coogee normally faces strict flight restrictions because it sits directly beneath the flight path for Sydney's airport.
New South Wales Agriculture Minister Tara Moriarty said on Monday that nothing was off the table as the state considered safety measures.
Some experts said Saturday's attack was by a white shark, a protected species under environmental laws. However, the attack has again led some to suggest a cull, a highly contentious issue.
“It’s so wrong that we don’t cull sharks after attacks,” former conservative Prime Minister Tony Abbott said in a video posted on his Facebook page.
Australia already culls sharks as part of its shark meshing program and additional culling was unlikely to produce a measurable difference, said Emeritus Professor Rob Harcourt, from the Sydney Institute for Marine Science at Macquarie University.
"Other safety measures, including drones (and) smart drum lines, and their help with understanding and then predicting when foraging sharks are likely to be present, have already shown to be of high efficacy," he said.
